Association between Hand Hygiene Knowledge and Self-Efficacy in Nursing Students: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study within the Framework of the Erasmus Project.

Adherence to hand hygiene procedures is crucial for all populations, and the World Health Organization (WHO) has implemented specific guidelines for infection control. Frequent and correct hand hygiene can prevent infections, but non-compliance with hand hygiene is pervasive. Nursing students address this issue from the beginning of their training. In nursing training, self-efficacy is crucial in enhancing students' competence, motivation, and clinical performance. We performed a cross-sectional multicenter study in five European countries, with a cross-sectional design with an online application of an instrument measuring hand hygiene knowledge based on WHO guidelines and general self-efficacy and specific self-efficacy for infection control. A total of 638 first-year nursing students participated in this study. The mean percentage of correct answers was 67.9%, with a considerable difference depending on the items. The worst results were obtained for questions related to sources of infection and types of hand hygiene methods in different situations. Finnish students displayed significantly (p < 0.001) higher scores in HH knowledge, whereas Estonian students had significantly (p < 0.001) higher levels of self-efficacy. There were significant correlations between the hand hygiene knowledge score and the self-efficacy score (p < 0.001). A multivariate analysis by linear regression analysis showed significant associations between the hand hygiene knowledge survey score and the students' age (p < 0.001, OR = 0.18, 95% CI 0.04-0.10), as well as their country of origin (p = 0.01, OR = 0.09, 95% CI 0.03-0.34). HH knowledge is quite low among nursing students, and is correlated with self-efficacy, although the strongest predictors are age and country of origin. Different nursing curricula must favor HH knowledge, with varying degrees of emphasis depending on the country.

General nurse competencies in disaster: A delphi study.

AIM: The aim of this study is to understand the significance of a disaster-related competence framework for Portuguese general nurses and identify from ICN - Core Competencies in Disaster Nursing version 2.0 core competencies description, those that are considered crucial for a competent preparedness and response in disaster scenarios. BACKGROUND: Research suggests that the occurrence of disasters will be more recurrent, requiring that nurses, pillars of any health system, have knowledge, skills and preparedness to face these events. DESIGN: An exploratory, cross-sectional qualitative study was carried out. Delphi method was used for data collection. METHODS: The study group consisted of technical-scientific council's presidents or coordinators/directors of nursing courses, nurses integrated in the Portuguese Council of Nurses and National Nursing Specialty Colleges and nurses with experience in the field of disasters. RESULTS: Findings revealed that there is consensus on sixteen competencies, considered relevant for developing general nurse knowledge and competence, both at a national or international level, in the field of disasters. CONCLUSIONS: The development of these competencies which establishes practice standards, building nurses skills and knowledge and ultimately, influencing nursing level-entry curricula's, conferring professional autonomy and self-regulation, in the field of disaster are fundamental. Furthermore, this study may serve as a reference for future alignment of competency frameworks between European Union countries or others.

Cognitive maturity of Portuguese nursing students to intervene in disasters: initial training contribution.

OBJECTIVE: To understand whether, from the perspective of coordinators/directors of nursing courses and nurses with skills in the field of disasters, nursing students have the necessary cognitive maturity to articulate the various dimensions inherent to the area of disasters, allowing efficient performance. METHOD: A study with a qualitative methodological approach, based on inductive reasoning and rigorous phenomenon description, based on exploratory research. RESULTS: Given the specificity and complexity of these phenomena, the inclusion of the disaster domain in the teaching-learning process, supporting valid knowledge construction and allowing the development and maturity of nursing students' cognitive processes, is crucial. CONCLUSION: Currently, reduced technical-scientific training in the field of disasters in Portugal constitutes a barrier in the development of nursing students' cognitive maturity, impeding their ability to respond when faced with phenomena of this complexity.

"Being in the digital box". Academic staff experiences in online practical teaching: A qualitative study from six universities and countries.

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused radical changes in education, as in everything else, bringing many challenges. Despite all the difficulties, the COVID-19 pandemic has enormous opportunities for online teaching and the use of digital technologies. A comprehensive understanding of this period is needed to investigate these opportunities. Thus, this study aims to explore the academic staff's experiences of online teaching and the use of digital technologies in practical skills-based courses in health care education. This study was conducted at six universities from six countries (Türkiye, Sweden, Finland, Portugal, Latvia, Lithuania). Data were collected between June 17, 2021 and November 30, 2021 via a focus group with an in-depth interview technique. 22 focus group interviews were conducted with a total of 117 participants. Colaizzi's method was used to evaluate the data to discover, comprehend, and define the experiences of academic staff. The analysis of the interview data resulted in 6 themes, 25 subthemes and 56 categories that captured participants' experiences regarding online teaching of practical skills and using digital technologies in health care education. The findings of the study provide crucial information that will help online teaching and digital technology for practical skills be successfully integrated.

Peripheral Intravenous Catheter Insertion: Professionals' Performance and Implications for Patient Safety: A Cross-Sectional Study.

This study evaluated peripheral intravenous catheter insertion by licensed practical nurses in a simulated scenario. This cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed in a general hospital's simulation center located in Brazil, from January to October 2020. The authors developed a tool from the leading guidelines to measure peripheral intravenous catheter insertion performance in 60 licensed practical nurses. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, with proportions for categorical variables and analytical statistics to denote significance, using SPSS version 22.0. Ethical aspects were respected. Despite the sample comprising professionals who declared an average experience with peripheral intravenous catheter insertion of 6.4 years, at least 50% failed in some tool element. This low score on peripheral intravenous catheter insertion performance is because automation is possible without efforts to improve it. Adding years of practice does not generate better performance. The licensed practical nurses' performance was lower than expected, considering their reported experience, which poses a risk to patient safety. The training of these professionals needs to be discussed in countries where the practice is legal. Skills training should include simulation to approximate clinical practice; nurses must exercise their role in supervising the team.

Cognitive maturity of Portuguese nursing students to intervene in disasters: initial training contribution / Madurez cognitiva de estudiantes Portugueses de enfermería para intervenir en desastres: contribución de la formación inicial / Maturidade cognitiva do estudante de enfermagem Português para intervir em desastres: contribuição da formação inicial

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand whether, from the perspective of coordinators/directors of nursing courses and nurses with skills in the field of disasters, nursing students have the necessary cognitive maturity to articulate the various dimensions inherent to the area of disasters, allowing efficient performance. Method: A study with a qualitative methodological approach, based on inductive reasoning and rigorous phenomenon description, based on exploratory research. Results: Given the specificity and complexity of these phenomena, the inclusion of the disaster domain in the teaching-learning process, supporting valid knowledge construction and allowing the development and maturity of nursing students' cognitive processes, is crucial. Conclusion: Currently, reduced technical-scientific training in the field of disasters in Portugal constitutes a barrier in the development of nursing students' cognitive maturity, impeding their ability to respond when faced with phenomena of this complexity.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender si, desde la perspectiva de los coordinadores/directores de carreras de enfermería y enfermeros con competencias en el área de desastres, el estudiante de enfermería tiene la madurez cognitiva necesaria para articular las diversas dimensiones inherentes al área de desastres, permitiendo desempeño eficiente. Método: Estudio con enfoque metodológico cualitativo, basado en razonamientos inductivos y descripción rigurosa de los fenómenos, basado en investigación exploratoria. Resultados: Dada la especificidad y complejidad de estos fenómenos, la inclusión del dominio de desastres en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje, para apoyar la construcción de conocimientos válidos y permitir el desarrollo y madurez de los procesos cognitivos del estudiante de enfermería, es crucial. Conclusión: Actualmente, la reducida formación técnico-científica en el campo de los desastres en Portugal constituye una barrera en el desarrollo de la madurez cognitiva de los estudiantes de enfermería, impidiendo su capacidad de respuesta ante fenómenos de esta complejidad.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender se, na perspectiva dos coordenadores/diretores dos cursos de licenciatura em enfermagem e enfermeiros com competências no domínio de desastres, o estudante de enfermagem apresenta a necessária maturidade cognitiva para articular as diversas dimensões inerentes à área de desastres, permitindo um desempenho eficiente. Método: Estudo de abordagem metodológica qualitativa, sustentado no raciocínio indutivo e na descrição rigorosa dos fenômenos, alicerçado na pesquisa exploratória. Resultados: Diante da especificidade e da complexidade desses fenômenos, a inclusão do domínio de desastres no processo de ensino-aprendizagem, para subsidiar a construção de conhecimento válido e permitir o desenvolvimento e maturidade dos processos cognitivos do estudante de licenciatura em enfermagem, é determinante. Conclusão: Atualmente, a redutora formação técnico-científica no domínio de desastres em Portugal constitui uma barreira no desenvolvimento da maturidade cognitiva do estudante de enfermagem, impedindo a sua capacidade de resposta quando confrontado com fenômenos dessa complexidade.

Simulação e cooperação interdisciplinar e interinstitucional: desenvolvimento de competências do estudante de enfermagem em desastres / Simulación y cooperación interdisciplinaria e interinstitucional: desarrollo de competencias del estudiante de enfermería en desastres / Interdisciplinary and interinstitutional simulation and cooperation: development of nursing students competencies in disaster

Resumo Objetivo identificar a importância atribuída à utilização da prática simulada na ação pedagógica do estudante do Curso de Licenciatura em Enfermagem no domínio de desastres e no âmbito interdisciplinar e interinstitucional em Portugal. Métodos estudo enquadrado no paradigma qualitativo, apoiado no raciocínio indutivo e exploratório. Como técnica de coleta de dados, recorreu-se à entrevista semiestruturada, aplicada a coordenadores/diretores dos Cursos de Licenciatura em Enfermagem de escolas públicas e privadas de Portugal. Resultados a metodologia de simulação no domínio de desastres constitui uma estratégia de ensino/aprendizagem, para os estudantes de enfermagem desenvolverem competências nesse âmbito. Este tipo de metodologia de ensino/aprendizagem terá maior vantagem, se realizada em parceria com organizações que intervêm nas operações de proteção e socorro e de âmbito interdisciplinar, uma vez que potencializa a qualidade de prevenção e de resposta de todos os atores envolvidos. Considerações finais e implicações para a prática face à complexidade específica e à imprevisibilidade das situações de desastres, o estabelecimento de parcerias estratégicas de cooperação com organizações com responsabilidade nesse domínio, que promova nos estudantes de enfermagem o desenvolvimento de competências e diminua a visão determinística errada das organizações, relativamente à capacidade de o estudante integrar estas ações, é fundamental.

Resumen Objetivo identificar la importancia atribuida al uso de la práctica simulada en la acción pedagógica del estudiante del Curso de Pregrado en Enfermería en el dominio de los desastres y en el ámbito interdisciplinario e interinstitucional en Portugal. Método s: estudio enmarcado en el paradigma cualitativo, apoyado en el pensamiento inductivo y exploratorio. Como técnica de los datos, se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas a los coordinadores/directores de escuelas de enfermería públicas y privadas de Portugal. Resultados la metodología de simulación en el ámbito de las catástrofes es una estrategia de enseñanza/aprendizaje para que los estudiantes de enfermería desarrollen competencias en este ámbito. Este tipo de metodología de enseñanza/aprendizaje será más ventajosa si se realiza en alianza con organizaciones que intervienen en operaciones de protección y socorro y en un ámbito interdisciplinario, ya que mejora la calidad de la prevención y respuesta de todos los actores involucrados. Consideraciones finales e implicaciones para la práctica dada la complejidad específica e imprevisibilidad de las situaciones de desastre, el establecimiento de alianzas estratégicas de cooperación con organizaciones con responsabilidad en este dominio, lo que promueve el desarrollo de competencias en los estudiantes de enfermería y reduce la visión determinista equivocada de las organizaciones, en cuanto a la capacidad del estudiante para integrar estas acciones, es fundamental.

Abstract Objective to identify the importance attributed to simulated practice use in nursing undergraduate students' pedagogic actions in the field of disasters, in an interdisciplinary and interinstitutional scope in Portugal. Methods a study framed in the qualitative paradigm, supported by inductive and exploratory reasoning. As a data collection technique, semi-structured interviews were applied to coordinators/directors of nursing courses at public and private schools in Portugal. Results simulation methodology in the field of disasters is a teaching/learning strategy for nursing students to develop skills in this area. This type of teaching/learning methodology will have a greater advantage if carried out in partnership with organizations involved in protection and rescue operations and with an interdisciplinary scope, since it enhances prevention quality and response of all actors involved. Final considerations and implications for practice considering the specific complexity and unpredictability of disaster situations, the establishment of strategic cooperation partnerships with organizations with responsibility in this field, which promotes the development of nursing students' skills and reduces the erroneous deterministic view of organizations, regarding the ability of students to integrate these actions, is fundamental.

Metodologias pedagógicas em enfermagem de saúde familiar: protocolo de scoping review / Pedagogical Methodologies in Family Health Nursing: Scoping Review Protocol Aim

Objetivo: Mapear as metodologias pedagógicas utilizadas no ensino de enfermagem de saúde familiar. Mais especificamente, pretende-se dar resposta às seguintes questões: 1) Quais as metodologias pedagógicas utilizadas no Ensino de Enfermagem de saúde familiar? 2) Em que nível de ensino são utilizadas referidas metodologias pedagógicas? 3) Em que contexto são utilizadas referidas metodologias pedagógicas? Metodologia: Scoping Review orientada pela metodologia proposta pelo Joanna Briggs Institute para a realização de Scoping Reviews. Na pesquisa e identificação dos estudos, serão usadas as bases de dados eletrónicas MEDLINE (via Pubmed), CINAHL Complete (via EBSCOhost), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scielo, Scopus. Adicionalmente, a pesquisa de estudos não publicados incluirá o Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) e o OpenGrey. A estratégia de pesquisa abrangerá todos os artigos publicados em português, espanhol, francês e inglês, sem limite temporal. Resultados: Os dados serão apresentados em formato narrativo, com recurso a tabelas, alinhadas com o objetivo, foco e questão de revisão. O mapeamento da evidência disponível sobre metodologias pedagógicas em enfermagem de saúde familiar contribuirá para a disseminação da evidência disponível sobre o tema e permitirá identificar lacunas na literatura. Conclusão: Espera-se que a presente scoping review contribua para a análise crítica das metodologias pedagógicas em enfermagem de saúde familiar, dado o potencial impacto destas no desenvolvimento de competências dos estudantes de enfermagem.

Objetivo: Mapear las metodologías pedagógicas utilizadas en la enseñanza de la enfermería de la salud familiar. Más específicamente, se pretende dar respuesta a las siguientes preguntas: 1) ¿Cuáles son las metodologías pedagógicas utilizadas en la enseñanza de la enfermería de la familia? 2) ¿En qué nivel de enseñanza se utilizan estas metodologías pedagógicas? 3) ¿En qué contexto se utilizan estas metodologías pedagógicas? Método: Scoping review, orientada por la metodología propuesta por el Joanna Briggs Institute para la realización de scoping reviews. En la estrategia de investigación e identificación de estudios, se utilizarán las bases de datos electrónicas CINAHL Complete (vía EBSCOhost), MEDLINE (vía Pubmed), Registro Cochrane Central de Ensayos Controlados, Base de Datos Cochrane de Revisiones Sistemáticas, Scielo e Scopus. A su vez, la búsqueda de estudios inéditos incluirá el Repositorio Científico de Acceso Abierto de Portugal (RCAAP) y OpenGrey. La estrategia de búsqueda incluirá todos los artículos publicados en portugués, español, francés e inglés, sin límite de tiempo. Resultados: Los datos se presentarán en formato narrativo, utilizando tablas, alineados con el objetivo, enfoque y pregunta de revisión. El mapeo de la evidencia disponible sobre metodologías pedagógicas en enfermería de la familia contribuirá para la difusión de la evidencia disponible sobre el tema y permitirá identificar lagunas en la literatura. Conclusión: Se espera que la revisión contribuya al análisis crítico de las metodologías pedagógicas en enfermería de salud familiar, dado su potencial impacto en el desarrollo de habilidades del estudiantado de enfermería.

Aim: To map the pedagogical methodologies used in the teaching of family health nursing. More specifically, this study intends to answer the following questions: 1) What are the pedagogical methodologies used in family nursing education? 2) At what level of education are such pedagogical methodologies used? 3) In what context are such pedagogical methodologies used? Method: A scoping review will be conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology for conducting Scoping Reviews. For the research strategy and identification of studies, the following electronic databases will be consulted MEDLINE (via Pubmed), CINAHL Complete (via EBSCOhost), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scielo, and Scopus. In addition, the search for unpublished studies will include the Scientific Repository for Open Access of Portugal (RCAAP), and OpenGrey. The research strategy will include all articles published in Portuguese, Spanish, French and English with a time limit. Results: Following the objective, focus and research questions, the data will be presented in a narrative format, using tables. The mapping of the available evidence on pedagogical methodologies in family nursing will contribute to the dissemination of the available evidence on this subject matter and will ease the identification of the literature. Conclusion: It is expected that this scoping review will contribute to the critical analysis of pedagogical methodologies in family health nursing given their potential impact on the development of skills of nursing students.

Metodologias pedagógicas em enfermagem de saúde familiar: Scoping review / Pedagogical methodologies in family health nursing: Scoping review / Metodologías pedagógicas en enfermería de salud familiar: Scoping review

Resumo Contexto: As metodologias pedagógicas adotadas são um fator importante na aquisição e desenvolvimento de competências dos estudantes de enfermagem. Não obstante, as metodologias pedagógicas utilizadas no ensino de enfermagem de saúde familiar encontram-se dispersas na literatura. Objetivo: Mapear as metodologias pedagógicas utilizadas no ensino de enfermagem de saúde familiar. Método de revisão sistemática: Scoping review com base nos princípios preconizados pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. Dois revisores independentes realizaram a análise de relevância dos artigos, a extração e síntese dos dados. Apresentação e interpretação dos resultados: Dois estudos foram incluídos na revisão. Foram utilizadas como metodologias pedagógicas o debriefing estruturado e a narração dialógica. Ambos os estudos foram implementados em estudantes da graduação de enfermagem. Um dos estudos foi realizado unicamente em contexto de laboratório e outro, adicionalmente, em contexto real. Conclusão: As metodologias pedagógicas e os contextos de implementação diferem entre os estudos. Mais estudos devem ser realizados no âmbito das metodologias pedagógicas em enfermagem de saúde familiar.

Abstract Background: Pedagogical methodologies are a critical factor in nursing students' acquisition and development of skills. Nevertheless, the pedagogical methodologies used in family health nursing education are scattered in the literature. Objective: To map the pedagogical methodologies used in family health nursing education. Review method: Scoping review based on the principles advocated by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Two independent reviewers appraised the articles and extracted and synthesized data. Presentation and interpretation of results: Two studies were included in this review. Structured debriefing and dialogical narrative were used as pedagogical strategies. Both studies were implemented on undergraduate nursing students. One of the studies was conducted in a laboratory setting and the other in a laboratory setting and a real-life environment. Conclusion: Pedagogical methodologies and implementation contexts differ across studies. Further studies should be conducted on the pedagogical strategies used in family health nursing.

Resumen Contexto: Las metodologías pedagógicas adoptadas son un factor importante en la adquisición y el desarrollo de las competencias de los estudiantes de enfermería. Sin embargo, las metodologías pedagógicas utilizadas en la enseñanza de enfermería de salud familiar están dispersas en la literatura. Objetivo: Mapear las metodologías pedagógicas utilizadas en la enseñanza de enfermería de salud familiar. Método de revisión sistemática: Revisión de alcance (scoping review) basada en los principios recomendados por el Joanna Briggs Institute. Dos revisores independientes realizaron el análisis de la relevancia de los artículos, la extracción de datos y la síntesis. Presentación e interpretación de los resultados: Se incluyeron dos estudios en la revisión. Se utilizaron como metodologías pedagógicas el debriefing estructurado y la narración dialógica. Ambos estudios se llevaron a cabo en estudiantes de enfermería de primer ciclo. Uno de los estudios se realizó únicamente en un entorno de laboratorio y el otro, además, en un contexto real. Conclusión: Las metodologías pedagógicas y los contextos de aplicación difieren entre los estudios. Deberían realizarse más estudios en el ámbito de las metodologías pedagógicas en enfermería de salud familiar.

Administration of chemotherapy in patients admitted to a haematology service: a best practice implementation project.

OBJECTIVES: To promote evidence-based practices related to the prevention of adverse events associated with medication administration (only chemotherapy) in a hospital service. INTRODUCTION: The medication management process in a hospital setting is highly complex, going through multiple stages from drug selection, procurement and storage, to prescription, validation, dispensing, preparation, administration and monitoring. METHODS: An evidence implementation project based on an audit and feedback approach was conducted from December 2019 to April 2021 using the JBI Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System and Getting Research into Practice. RESULTS: The results of the baseline audit showed that the 10 audit criteria were mostly met; however, two of the criteria (criterion 6: the expiry date of medication is checked before use and criterion 7: the nurse who prepares the medication administers the medication to the patient) had low compliance (respectively, 0 and 67.9%). After identifying the barriers and implementing strategies to deal with the identified barriers, we verified a significant improvement in compliance with best practices (criterion 6 improved to 64.3% and criterion 7 to 78.6%). CONCLUSION: This implementation project was a success, achieving a great improvement of the implementation of evidence-based guidelines concerning the prevention of adverse events associated with medication administration in a hospital in central Portugal. More such projects should be planned to sustain the implementation of evidence-based methods to improve health outcomes, patient safety, costs and health systems.

Laboratório de habilidades e simulação clínica em época de Covid-19: possibilidades e recomendações práticas / Skills and clinical simulation laboratory in times Covid-19: possibilities and practical recommendations

RESUMO: Este artigo teve por objetivo refletir sobre as possibilidades do laboratório de habilidades e simulação clínica enquanto espaço potencial para o treino e desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades no ensino em saúde, além de compartilhar estratégias para o planejamento docente e para o uso desses espaços em tempos de pandemia pela COVID-19. Estudo descritivo, exploratório e qualitativo realizado a partir da consulta a protocolos de recomendações sanitárias, diretrizes/planejamento de universidades públicas nacionais e internacionais para o retornodas atividades acadêmicas práticas em cursos da área da saúde e a opinião de especialistas em simulação clínica. São compartilhadas orientações específicas e comuns considerando os tipos de simulação propostas, estratégias de apoio às experiências clínicas simuladas, além de diretrizes sanitárias. Trata-se de recomendações que devem ser discutidas e adaptadas conforme as diferentes realidades, atualização de diretrizes sanitárias dos órgãos de saúde e educação, além do monitoramento do comportamento da pandemia causada pelo coronavírus em todo o mundo. (AU)

ABSTRACT: This article aimed to reflect on the possibilities of the skills laboratory and clinical simulation as a potential space for training and development of skills and abilities in health education, in addition to sharing strategies for teaching planning and the use of these spaces in times of the COVID-19 pandemic. A descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study based on the consultation of health recommendation protocols, guidelines/planning of national and international public universities for the return of practical academic activities in health area courses and the opinion of experts in clinical simulation. Specific and common guidelines are shared considering the types of simulation proposed, strategies to support simulated clinical experiences, and health guidelines. These recommendations should be discussed and adapted according to the different realities, updating health and education agencies' health guidelines, besides monitoring the pandemic's behavior caused by the coronavirus world. (AU)

The Effectiveness of an Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) Educational Program on Undergraduate Nursing Students' EBP Knowledge and Skills: A Cluster Randomized Control Trial.

Evidence-based practice (EBP) prevents unsafe/inefficient practices and improves healthcare quality, but its implementation is challenging due to research and practice gaps. A focused educational program can assist future nurses to minimize these gaps. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of an EBP educational program on undergraduate nursing students' EBP knowledge and skills. A cluster randomized controlled trial was undertaken. Six optional courses in the Bachelor of Nursing final year were randomly assigned to the experimental (EBP educational program) or control group. Nursing students' EBP knowledge and skills were measured at baseline and post-intervention. A qualitative analysis of 18 students' final written work was also performed. Results show a statistically significant interaction between the intervention and time on EBP knowledge and skills (p = 0.002). From pre- to post-intervention, students' knowledge and skills on EBP improved in both groups (intervention group: p < 0.001; control group: p < 0.001). At the post-intervention, there was a statistically significant difference in EBP knowledge and skills between intervention and control groups (p = 0.011). Students in the intervention group presented monographs with clearer review questions, inclusion/exclusion criteria, and methodology compared to students in the control group. The EBP educational program showed a potential to promote the EBP knowledge and skills of future nurses.

Efeito da simulação clínica na retenção do conhecimento de estudantes de enfermagem / Effect of clinical simulation on the knowledge retention of nursing students

Resumo Objetivo Identificar o efeito da simulação clínica no desempenho cognitivo imediato e retido de estudantes do curso técnico de enfermagem acerca da atuação nas emergências na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Métodos Estudo de intervenção, do tipo antes e depois, realizado com 46 estudantes do curso técnico em enfermagem. Estes foram alocados em dois grupos: controle e experimental. O grupo controle teve acesso a uma aula teórica com demonstração de habilidade. O grupo experimental teve acesso a sessão de simulação com quatro cenários. Além da caracterização sociodemográfica, os estudantes responderam a um teste de conhecimento em três momentos, a saber: pré-teste, pós-teste imediato e pós-teste tardio (após 30 dias). Adotou-se um nível de significância de 5%, através da utilização do teste de Mann-Whitney e de Kruskal Wallis, Resultados Houve diferença estatística entre as medianas do grupo controle e experimental no pós-teste tardio (p valor = 0,038), dessa forma, os estudantes do grupo experimental retiveram mais conhecimento que os do grupo controle. Conclusão A aprendizagem a partir da simulação clínica conferiu scores e retenção do conhecimento maiores comparados àqueles adquiridos por meio de aula expositiva com demonstração de habilidades.

Resumen Objetivo Identificar el efecto de la simulación clínica en el desempeño cognitivo inmediato y retenido de estudiantes de la carrera técnica de enfermería sobre la actuación en emergencias en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos Estudio experimental, tipo antes y después, realizado con 46 estudiantes de la carrera técnica de enfermería. Los participantes fueron separados en dos grupos: de control y experimental. El grupo de control tuvo una clase teórica con demostración de habilidades. El grupo experimental tuvo una sesión de simulación con cuatro escenarios. Además de la caracterización sociodemográfica, los estudiantes respondieron una prueba de conocimiento en tres momentos, a saber: pretest, postest inmediato y postest tardío (después de 30 días). El nivel de significación adoptado fue del 5 %, mediante la utilización de la prueba de Mann-Whitney y de Kruskal-Wallis. Resultados Se observó diferencia estadística entre las medianas del grupo de control y experimental en el postest tardío (p valor = 0,038). De esta forma, los estudiantes del grupo experimental retuvieron más conocimientos que los del grupo de control. Conclusión El aprendizaje a partir de la simulación clínica demostró una mayor puntuación y retención de conocimientos comparado con los adquiridos mediante la clase expositiva con demostración de habilidades.

Abstract Objective To identify the effect of clinical simulation on the immediate and retained cognitive performance of students in a vocational course in nursing about their performance in emergencies in Primary Health Care. Methods This is an intervention study, of before and after type, carried out with 46 students of a vocational course in nursing. Students were allocated into two groups: control and experimental. The control group had access to a theoretical class with demonstration of skill. The experimental group had access to a simulation session with four scenarios. In addition to the sociodemographic characterization, students responded to a knowledge test in three moments, namely: pre-test, immediate post-test and late post-test (after 30 days). A significance level of 5% was adopted, using the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests, Results There was a statistical difference between the medians of control and experimental groups in the late post-test (p value=0.038), thus students in the experimental group retained more knowledge than those in the control group. Conclusion Learning from clinical simulation conferred higher scores and retention of knowledge compared to those acquired through an expository class with demonstration of skills.

Interdisciplinary simulation scenario in nursing education: Humanized childbirth and birth.

OBJECTIVE: to develop and validate with a panel of experts a scenario of maternal-child clinical simulation, related to humanized childbirth and birth. METHOD: methodological study based on the Jeffries framework and standardized guides of the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation in Learning, which used analysis with descriptive statistics for general aspects of adherence to the aforementioned guide and inferential statistics for validating the checklist of actions through the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: the scenario contains learning objectives, necessary resources, prebriefing and debriefing of guidelines, description of the simulated situation, participants and roles, and checklist of expected actions. The validation obtained an agreement level above 80% in all aspects evaluated by 31 experts, highlighting realism of the environment and setting, vital sign parameters, alignment with scientific literature and encouragement of critical thinking and problem solving. In addition, the checklist of actions was validated with 0.899 agreement among experts, statistically analyzed by the ICC and Cronbach's alpha 0.908 (95% confidence interval). CONCLUSION: the simulated scenario on humanized childbirth and birth can strengthen the articulation between women's and children's health disciplines, and was validated by experts.

Effectiveness of simulation in teaching immunization in nursing: a randomized clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the effectiveness of the clinical simulation on the cognitive performance of nursing students in adult immunization scenarios in the context of Primary Health Care. METHOD: a controlled and randomized pre-test and post-test clinical trial applied to random intervention and control groups. 34 undergraduate nursing students were selected and divided into two groups: classes with active participation of students and skills training (control); and classes with active participation of students, skills training, and clinical simulation (intervention). RESULTS: the students in the intervention group performed better than those in the control group in the four assessments of cognitive performance, with statistical significance in the assessments of immediate (p=0.031) and late (1-20 days) (p=0.031) knowledge. CONCLUSION: from the simulation, students learn more in the short and medium terms. The information learned is retained for longer and the students are better prepared for the professional practice. Universal Trial Number: u1111-1195-2580.

Assessing clinical simulation as a learning tool when training motivation skills in Periodontology-Students' perceptions.

INTRODUCTION: The prevention and long-term success of the treatment of periodontal diseases depend on patient compliance with oral health; thus, there is a need to alert and motivate them to control the disease. Clinical simulation emerges as a useful teaching strategy in the development of these clinical skills since it allows the replication of real situations interactively using a simulator or role-play. AIM: This study aimed to evaluate clinical simulation as a learning methodology in Periodontology, through students' perceptions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A quantitative and descriptive study was developed with 51 students of an undergraduate dentistry degree. Data collection was done through a voluntary, anonymous and confidential survey. Students were asked to express their level of agreement with 27 items using a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. Statistical analysis included measures of central tendency, measures of dispersion, variability and frequency distribution. RESULTS: Students believe that clinical simulation contributes to an active participation of learners in their learning process, promoting the development of skills such as communication, priority management and decision-making. They also mention that debriefing is an essential moment of this process, in which the consolidation of knowledge and the structuring of thought are promoted. CONCLUSION: Students make a positive evaluation of clinical simulation, perceiving it as an effective learning methodology.

Avaliação do debriefing estruturado como estratégia pedagógica em enfermagem de saúde familiar / Evaluation of structured debriefing as a pedagogical strategy in family health nursing / Evaluación del debriefing estructurado como estrategia pedagógica en la enfermería de salud familiar

Enquadramento: O impacto da simulação com debriefing estruturado como estratégia pedagógica na formação em enfermagem é hoje inquestionável, contudo, não se encontraram referências à utilização desta estratégia no ensino de enfermagem em saúde familiar. Objetivo: Avaliar o debriefing estruturado associado à simulação em consultas de enfermagem à família como estratégia pedagógica. Metodologia: Estudo quantitativo, descritivo e transversal. Amostra de 169 estudantes, 2º ano, do Curso de Licenciatura em Enfermagem. Aplicada a Escala de Avaliação do Debriefing Associado à Simulação (EADaS), em aula de prática laboratorial. Resultados: A escala revela média global de 4,25 (DP = 0,400) mínimo 3,03 e máximo 5,00. Verifica-se média mais elevada (M = 4,58; DP = 0,462) na Dimensão Valor Afetivo e mais baixa (M = 3,87; DP = 0,621) na Dimensão Valor Psicossocial. A Dimensão Valor Cognitivo apresenta M = 4,35 pontos e DP = 0,435. Conclusão: O debriefing estruturado associado à simulação, revelou-se uma estratégia pedagógica adequada à aquisição e desenvolvimento de competências dos estudantes em enfermagem de saúde familiar, facilitando a aprendizagem crítica e reflexiva essencial para intervir na família, devendo implementar-se nesta área.

Background: The impact of simulation with structured debriefing as a pedagogical strategy in nursing education is unquestionable today. However, no references were found regarding the use of this strategy in family health nursing education. Objective: To evaluate structured debriefing associated with simulation as a pedagogical strategy in family nursing consultations. Methodology: A quantitative cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with a sample of 169 students attending the 2nd year of the Bachelor's Degree in Nursing. The Simulation Debriefing Assessment Scale (Escala de Avaliação do Debriefing Associado à Simulação - EADaS) was applied in laboratory classes. Results: The scale had an overall mean score of 4.25 (SD = 0.400), with a minimum of 3.03 and a maximum of 5.00. The highest mean scores (M = 4.58; SD = 0.462) were found in the Affective Value Dimension and the lowest mean scores (M = 3.87; SD = 0.621) were found in the Psychosocial Value Dimension. The Cognitive Value Dimension had M = 4.35 points and SD = 0.435. Conclusion: Structured debriefing associated with simulation proved to be a suitable pedagogical strategy for the acquisition and development of students' competencies in family health nursing, facilitating critical and reflexive learning that is essential to intervene within the family and should, therefore, be implemented in this area.

Marco contextual: El impacto de la simulación con debriefing estructurado como estrategia pedagógica en la formación en enfermería es incuestionable hoy en día. Sin embargo, no se encontraron referencias al uso de esta estrategia en la enseñanza de la enfermería de salud familiar. Objetivo: Evaluar el debriefing estructurado asociado a la simulación en las consultas de enfermería familiar como estrategia pedagógica. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal. Muestra de 169 estudiantes de 2.º año del Grado de Enfermería. Se aplicó la Escala de Evaluación del Debriefing Asociado a la Simulación (Escala de Avaliação do Debriefing Associado à Simulação - EADaS) en las prácticas de laboratorio. Resultados: La escala muestra una media global de 4,25 (DE = 0,400), mínimo de 3,03 y máximo de 5,00. La media más alta (M = 4,58; DE = 0,462) se encuentra en la Dimensión del Valor Afectivo y la más baja (M = 3,87; DE = 0,621) en la Dimensión del Valor Psicosocial. La Dimensión del Valor Cognitivo tiene M = 4,35 puntos y DE = 0,435. Conclusión: El debriefing asociado a la simulación demostró ser una estrategia pedagógica adecuada para la adquisición y el desarrollo de competencias de los estudiantes en enfermería de salud familiar, pues facilita el aprendizaje crítico y reflexivo esencial para intervenir en la familia, por lo que se debería poner en práctica en esta área.

Interdisciplinary simulation scenario in nursing education: Humanized childbirth and birth / Cenário de simulação interdisciplinar na educação em enfermagem: parto e nascimento humanizados / Escenario de simulación interdisciplinaria en educación en enfermería: parto y nacimiento humanizados

Objective: to develop and validate with a panel of experts a scenario of maternal-child clinical simulation, related to humanized childbirth and birth. Method: methodological study based on the Jeffries framework and standardized guides of the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation in Learning, which used analysis with descriptive statistics for general aspects of adherence to the aforementioned guide and inferential statistics for validating the checklist of actions through the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results: the scenario contains learning objectives, necessary resources, prebriefing and debriefing of guidelines, description of the simulated situation, participants and roles, and checklist of expected actions. The validation obtained an agreement level above 80% in all aspects evaluated by 31 experts, highlighting realism of the environment and setting, vital sign parameters, alignment with scientific literature and encouragement of critical thinking and problem solving. In addition, the checklist of actions was validated with 0.899 agreement among experts, statistically analyzed by the ICC and Cronbach's alpha 0.908 (95% confidence interval). Conclusion: the simulated scenario on humanized childbirth and birth can strengthen the articulation between women's and children's health disciplines, and was validated by experts.

Objetivo: desenvolver e validar junto a um painel de experts um cenário de simulação clínica materno-infantil, relacionado ao parto e nascimento humanizados. Método: estudo metodológico baseado no referencial de Jeffries e guias padronizados da International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation in Learning, que utilizou análise com estatística descritiva para aspectos gerais de adesão aos guias supracitados e inferencial para validação do checklist de ações por meio de Intraclass Correlation Coeficient (ICC). Resultados: o cenário contém objetivos de aprendizagem, recursos necessários, orientações de prebriefing e debriefing, descrição da situação simulada, participantes e papéis, e checklist de ações esperadas. A validação obteve nível de concordância superior a 80% em todos os aspectos avaliados por 31 experts, destacando realismo do ambiente e cenário, parâmetros de sinais vitais, alinhamento com a literatura científica e estímulo ao pensamento crítico e resolução de problemas. Ainda, foi validado o checklist de ações com concordância de 0,899 entre experts, analisado estatisticamente pelo teste de ICC e alpha de Cronbach 0,908 (intervalo de confiança 95%). Conclusão: o cenário simulado sobre parto e nascimento humanizados pode fortalecer a articulação entre as disciplinas de saúde da mulher e da criança, e foi validado por experts.

Objetivo: desarrollar y validar con un panel de expertos un escenario de simulación clínica materno-infantil, relacionado con el parto y el nacimiento humanizados. Método: estudio metodológico basado en el marco de Jeffries y guías estandarizadas de la International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation in Learning, que utilizó análisis con estadísticas descriptivas para los aspectos generales de la adhesión a las guías mencionadas e inferenciales para validar la checklist de acciones a través del Intraclass Correlation Coeficient (ICC). Resultados: el escenario contiene objetivos de aprendizaje, recursos necesarios, orientaciones de prebriefing y debriefing, directrices, descripción de la situación simulada, participantes y roles, y checklist de las acciones esperadas. La validación obtuvo un nivel de acuerdo superior al 80% en todos los aspectos evaluados por 31 expertos, destacando el realismo del entorno y el entorno, los parámetros de los signos vitales, la alineación con la literatura científica y el estímulo del pensamiento crítico y la resolución de problemas. Además, el checklist de acciones fue validado con un acuerdo de 0,899 entre expertos, analizada estadísticamente por la prueba ICC y el alfa de Cronbach 0,908 (intervalo de confianza del 95%). Conclusión: el escenario simulado sobre el nacimiento humanizado y el parto puede fortalecer la articulación entre las disciplinas de salud de mujeres y niños, y fue validado por expertos.

Effectiveness of simulation in teaching immunization in nursing: a randomized clinical trial / Eficácia da simulação no ensino de imunização em enfermagem: ensaio clínico randomizado / Eficacia de la simulación en la enseñanza de inmunización en la enfermería: ensayo clínico aleatorio

Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the clinical simulation on the cognitive performance of nursing students in adult immunization scenarios in the context of Primary Health Care. Method: a controlled and randomized pre-test and post-test clinical trial applied to random intervention and control groups. 34 undergraduate nursing students were selected and divided into two groups: classes with active participation of students and skills training (control); and classes with active participation of students, skills training, and clinical simulation (intervention). Results: the students in the intervention group performed better than those in the control group in the four assessments of cognitive performance, with statistical significance in the assessments of immediate (p=0.031) and late (1-20 days) (p=0.031) knowledge. Conclusion: from the simulation, students learn more in the short and medium terms. The information learned is retained for longer and the students are better prepared for the professional practice. Universal Trial Number: u1111-1195-2580

Objetivo: avaliar a eficácia da simulação clínica no desempenho cognitivo de estudantes de enfermagem em cenários de imunização de adultos no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado do tipo pré-teste e pós-teste aplicado a grupo intervenção e grupo controle aleatórios. Foram selecionados 34 estudantes de graduação em enfermagem, divididos em dois grupos: exposição dialogada e treino de habilidades (controle) e exposição dialogada, treino de habilidades e simulação clínica (intervenção). Resultados: os estudantes do grupo intervenção apresentaram melhores desempenhos, em relação ao grupo controle, nas quatro avaliações de desempenho cognitivo, com significância estatística nas avaliações de conhecimento imediato (p = 0,031) e tardio 1 - 20 dias (p = 0,031). Conclusão: a partir da simulação, os estudantes aprendem mais em curto e médio prazo. As informações aprendidas ficam retidas por mais tempo e os estudantes são mais bem preparados para a atuação profissional. Universal Trial Number: u1111-1195-2580

Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia de la simulación clínica en el desempeño cognitivo de estudiantes de enfermería en escenarios de inmunización de adultos en el contexto de la Atención Primaria de Salud. Método: ensayo clínico controlado y aleatorizado previo y posterior a la prueba aplicado a grupos de intervención y de control aleatorios. Se seleccionaron 34 estudiantes universitarios de enfermería y se los dividió en dos grupos: exposición dialogada y entrenamiento de habilidades (control) y exposición dialogada, entrenamiento de habilidades y simulación clínica (intervención). Resultados: los estudiantes del grupo de intervención presentaron un mejor desempeño en relación al grupo de control, en las cuatro evaluaciones de desempeño cognitivo, con significación estadística en las evaluaciones de conocimiento inmediato (p = 0,031) y tardío 1 - 20 días (p = 0,031). Conclusión: a partir de la simulación, los estudiantes aprenden más a corto y mediano plazo. La información aprendida se retiene durante más tiempo y los estudiantes están mejor preparados para el desempeño profesional. Universal Trial Number: u1111-1195-2580

Satisfaction and self-confidence in the learning of nursing students: Randomized clinical trial / Satisfacción y autoconfianza en el aprendizaje de estudiantes de enfermeria: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado / Satisfação e autoconfiança na aprendizagem de estudantes de enfermagem: Ensaio clínico randomizado

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify and compare satisfaction and self-confidence in the learning of nursing students from the use of simulation and traditional teaching in adult immunization scenarios in the context of Primary Health Care Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial. Thirty-four undergraduate nursing students from a Brazilian federal public university participated in the study. The students were allocated in two groups: dialogical exposition and training of skills (control) and dialogical exposition, training of skills and simulation (experimental). Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning scale was applied after receiving the interventions. In the analysis of satisfaction and self-confidence in learning, the Mann-Whitney test was used for a level of significance of 5%. Results: Traditional teaching strategies and simulation promote satisfaction and self-confidence in students' learning. The experimental group presented higher mean values in most of the variables of both subscales. However, there was no statistical significance in the learning satisfaction subscale (p-value ≥ 0.05) and self-confidence in learning (p-value ≥ 0.05) between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion and implications for practice: Because they generate satisfaction and self-confidence, simulation and traditional strategies can be mutually used in nursing training.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar y comparar la satisfacción y la confianza propia en el aprendizaje de estudiantes de enfermería a partir del uso de la simulación y de la enseñanza tradicional en escenarios de inmunización de adultos en el contexto de la Atención Primaria a la Salud. Métodos: Ensayo clínico controlado y aleatorizado. Participaron del estudio 34 estudiantes graduados en Enfermería de una universidad pública federal brasileña. Los estudiantes se asignaron a dos grupos: exposición dialógica y entrenamiento de habilidades (control) y exposición dialógica, entrenamiento de habilidades y simulación (experimental). Después de recibir las intervenciones, se aplicó la escala de Satisfacción y confianza propia de los estudiantes en el aprendizaje. En el análisis de la satisfacción y autoconfianza en el aprendizaje, se utilizó la prueba de Mann-Whitney, para un nivel de significancia del 5%. Resultados: Las estrategias tradicionales de enseñanza y la simulación promueven la satisfacción y la confianza propia en el aprendizaje de los estudiantes. El grupo experimental presentó valores medios superiores en la mayoría de las variables de ambas subescalas. Sin embargo, no se registró significancia estadística en la subescala de satisfacción en el aprendizaje (valor p ≥ 0,05) y la confianza propia en el aprendizaje (valor p ≥ 0,05) entre los grupos experimental y control. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica: Por generar satisfacción y confianza propia, la simulación y las estrategias tradicionales pueden utilizarse mutuamente en la enseñanza de Enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar e comparar a satisfação e autoconfiança na aprendizagem de estudantes de enfermagem a partir do uso da simulação e do ensino tradicional, em cenários de imunização de adultos, no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: Ensaio clínico controlado e randomizado. Participaram do estudo 34 estudantes da graduação em enfermagem de uma universidade pública federal brasileira. Os estudantes foram alocados em dois grupos: exposição dialogada e treino de habilidades (controle), e exposição dialogada, treino de habilidades e simulação (experimental). Após receberem as intervenções, aplicou-se a escala Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning. Na análise da satisfação e autoconfiança na aprendizagem, utilizou-se o teste de Mann - Whitney, considerando-se o nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: As estratégias tradicionais de ensino e a simulação promovem a satisfação e autoconfiança na aprendizagem dos estudantes. O grupo experimental apresentou médias superiores, na maioria das variáveis, de ambas as subescalas. Porém, não houve significância estatística na subescala de satisfação na aprendizagem (p valor ≥ 0,05) e a autoconfiança na aprendizagem (p valor ≥ 0,05) entre os grupos experimental e controle. Conclusão e implicações para a prática: Por serem geradoras de satisfação e autoconfiança, a simulação e as estratégias tradicionais podem ser utilizadas mutuamente na formação em enfermagem.