Treatment outcome of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma through propensity score analysis.

According to an extensive database, the Objective is to compare surgical versus non-surgical treatment through Propensity Score (PS) for patients with Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OPSCC). METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated epidemiological data from 8075 patients with OPSCC diagnosed between 2004 and 2014 and used PS matching to analyze possible prognostic factors for its outcomes with regression analyses. RESULTS: Cox multiple regression analysis to study survival after PS matching shows that type of treatment was associated with death with a hazard ratio of 1.753 (p<0.05) of non-surgical treatment. However, it was not associated with recurrence (p>0.05). In the surgical treatment group, overall survival was 79.9% at one year, 36.4% at five years, and 20.5% at ten years. Disease-free survival was 90.1%, 64.8%, and 56.0% at 1, 5, and 10-years, respectively. In the non-surgical treatment group, overall survival was 60.6% at one year, 21.8% at five years, and 12.7% at ten years. Disease-free survival was 90.8%, 67.2%, and 57.8% at 1, 5, and 10-years, respectively. CONCLUSION: Patients in the surgical treatment group had better outcomes related to survival. Recurrence is associated with the survival of OPSCC cancer. Recurrence-free survival is similar to both treatments. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2C.

Treatment outcome of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma through propensity score analysis

Abstract According to an extensive database, the Objective is to compare surgical versus nonsurgical treatment through Propensity Score (PS) for patients with Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OPSCC). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated epidemiological data from 8075 patients with OPSCC diagnosed between 2004 and 2014 and used PS matching to analyze possible prognostic factors for its outcomes with regression analyses. Results: Cox multiple regression analysis to study survival after PS matching shows that type of treatment was associated with death with a hazard ratio of 1.753 (p < 0.05) of non-surgical treatment. However, it was not associated with recurrence (p> 0.05). In the surgical treatment group, overall survival was 79.9% at one year, 36.4% at five years, and 20.5% at ten years. Disease-free survival was 90.1%, 64.8%, and 56.0% at 1, 5, and 10-years, respectively. In the non-surgical treatment group, overall survival was 60.6% at one year, 21.8% at five years, and 12.7% at ten years. Disease-free survival was 90.8%, 67.2%, and 57.8% at 1, 5, and 10-years, respectively. Conclusion: Patients in the surgical treatment group had better outcomes related to survival. Recurrence is associated with the survival of OPSCC cancer. Recurrence-free survival is similar to both treatments. Level of evidence: 2C.

Prognostic factors in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: 10-year follow-up

Abstract Objective: To descriptively analyze the epidemiological data, clinical stage, and outcomes of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and to estimate the influence of clinical stage and treatment type on overall and disease-free survival. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed epidemiological data from the São Paulo Cancer Center Foundation database relative to patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed between 2004 and 2014 in the state of São Paulo. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to assess factors associated with the outcomes. A forward stepwise selection procedure was used. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon test. Results: A total of 8075 individuals with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were identified. Of these, 86.3% were diagnosed at an advanced stage and 13.7% at an early stage. Only 27.2% of patients were treated surgically, whereas 57.5% were treated medically. Patients undergoing surgery had longer overall survival than those receiving medical treatment in both early- and advanced-stage oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. However, there was no significant difference in disease-free survival between surgical and medical treatment. Conclusion: No significant difference in disease-free survival between medical and surgical treatment suggests similar complete remission rates with both approaches. Patients receiving medical treatment had shorter overall survival, which may be due to complications from chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, we cannot confirm this relationship based on the data provided by the São Paulo Cancer Center Foundation. Prospective studies are warranted to assess whether the lower overall survival rate in patients receiving medical treatment is secondary to complications from chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Level of evidence: 2C.

Secondary tracheoesophageal puncture with a flexible transillumination device: a new technique and its outcomes

Abstract Objectives: This study aims to describe a new secondary tracheoesophageal puncture technique with voice prosthesis insertion under local anesthesia with a low-cost device and evaluate its outcome. Methods: With a transoral flexible transillumination device of aluminum of 2.3 mm with fiberoptic light, the esophagus's anterior wall is visualized through the tracheostomy. A tracheoesophageal fistula is made with a blade and passed through the fistula. Then a bent trocar is introduced into the lumen using the device as a guidewire. Once in the lumen, a thin guide wire is passed through up to the mouth. The voice prosthesis is positioned with retrograde insertion. Then, the patient is discharged without hospitalization. Results: 15 patients submitted to this technique had a successful surgical outcome. There were no complications as pneumothorax, esophageal perforation, bleeding, or hospitalization. Conclusion: The new device is feasible under local anesthesia.

Prognostic factors in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in the state of São Paulo, Brazil: 10-year follow-up.

OBJECTIVE: To descriptively analyze the epidemiological data, clinical stage, and outcomes of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, and to estimate the influence of clinical stage and treatment type on overall and disease-free survival. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed epidemiological data from the São Paulo Cancer Center Foundation database relative to patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed between 2004 and 2014 in the state of São Paulo. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to assess factors associated with the outcomes. A forward stepwise selection procedure was used. Survival curves were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by the Gehan-Breslow-Wilcoxon test. RESULTS: A total of 8075 individuals with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma were identified. Of these, 86.3% were diagnosed at an advanced stage and 13.7% at an early stage. Only 27.2% of patients were treated surgically, whereas 57.5% were treated medically. Patients undergoing surgery had longer overall survival than those receiving medical treatment in both early- and advanced-stage oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. However, there was no significant difference in disease-free survival between surgical and medical treatment. CONCLUSION: No significant difference in disease-free survival between medical and surgical treatment suggests similar complete remission rates with both approaches. Patients receiving medical treatment had shorter overall survival, which may be due to complications from chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, we cannot confirm this relationship based on the data provided by the São Paulo Cancer Center Foundation. Prospective studies are warranted to assess whether the lower overall survival rate in patients receiving medical treatment is secondary to complications from chemotherapy and radiotherapy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2C.

Sentinel lymph node biopsy for early squamous cell carcinoma of the lip and oral cavity: Real-world experience in Brazil.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and oncological results of sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with early lip and oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in a real-world scenario. METHODS: Retrospective study including seven Brazilian centers. RESULTS: Four-hundred and seven cN0 patients were accrued for 20 years. The rate of occult metastasis was 23.1% and 22 patients (5.4%) had regional failure. We found, for 5 years of follow-up, 85.3% of regional recurrence-free survival; 77.1% of disease-free survival; 73.7% of overall survival; and 86.7% of disease-specific survival. The rate of false-negative cases was 5.4%. CONCLUSION: In a real-world scenario, sentinel lymph node biopsy for patients with SCC of the lip and oral cavity proved feasible in different settings and to be oncologically safe, with similar rates of occult lymph node metastasis and false-negative cases, when compared to elective neck dissection, and with similar long-term survival to that reported historically.

Secondary tracheoesophageal puncture with a flexible transillumination device: a new technique and its outcomes.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to describe a new secondary tracheoesophageal puncture technique with voice prosthesis insertion under local anesthesia with a low-cost device and evaluate its outcome. METHODS: With a transoral flexible transillumination device of aluminum of 2.3 mm with fiberoptic light, the esophagus's anterior wall is visualized through the tracheostomy. A tracheoesophageal fistula is made with a blade and passed through the fistula. Then a bent trocar is introduced into the lumen using the device as a guidewire. Once in the lumen, a thin guide wire is passed through up to the mouth. The voice prosthesis is positioned with retrograde insertion. Then, the patient is discharged without hospitalization. RESULTS: 15 patients submitted to this technique had a successful surgical outcome. There were no complications as pneumothorax, esophageal perforation, bleeding, or hospitalization. CONCLUSION: The new device is feasible under local anesthesia.

Experimental study on the effects of bismuth subgallate on the inflammatory process and angiogenesis of the oral mucosa / Estudo experimental sobre os efeitos do subgalato de bismuto no processo inflamatório e de angiogênese em mucosa bucal

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Bismuth subgallate is a salt derived from heavy metal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of this salt on some phases of healing. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of subgallate on mucosa and to evaluate the association between the use of bismuth subgallate and neogenesis of vessels in oral mucosal wounds. METHODS: This was a prospective and experimental study. This study used sixty rats, which were divided into control and experimental groups. The animals were submitted to a surgical procedure, which caused oral mucosal injury. A saline solution was applied on the wound of the control group, and in the experimental group, a solution of bismuth subgallate was administrated. RESULTS: The experimental group showed greater inflammatory reaction with increasing monomorphic proliferation. There was increased vessel proliferation in the control group. CONCLUSION: Bismuth subgallate had a negative influence on the healing process, delaying the rate of new vessel formation and optimal wound healing.

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: O subgalato de bismuto é um sal derivado de metal pesado. A ideia desta pesquisa é avaliar sua interferência em alguma das fases da cicatrização. OBJETIVO: Delinear a ação do subgalato em mucosas. Avaliar a relação entre a utilização do subgalato de bismuto e a neoformação de vasos nas feridas em mucosa oral, para evidenciar o possível benefício resultante do seu uso. MÉTODO: Estudo experimental, prospectivo. Utilizou-se sessenta ratos, que foram divididos igualmente em grupo controle e experimento. Foram submetidos a um procedimento cirúrgico onde foi feito uma lesão na mucosa oral dos animais, após, uma solução de soro fisiológico foi aplicada sobre a lesão do grupo controle e sobre a ferida do grupo experimento foi aplicada uma solução de subgalato de bismuto. RESULTADOS: o grupo experimento apresentou maior reação inflamatória com crescente proliferação monomórfica. Vasos: houve maior proliferação no grupo controle. CONCLUSÕES: concluiu-se que o subgalato de bismuto teve uma ação negativa no processo de cicatrização, atrasando a velocidade de formação dos neovasos e a cicatrização ideal da ferida operatória.

Experimental study on the effects of bismuth subgallate on the inflammatory process and angiogenesis of the oral mucosa.

INTRODUCTION: Bismuth subgallate is a salt derived from heavy metal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of this salt on some phases of healing. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of subgallate on mucosa and to evaluate the association between the use of bismuth subgallate and neogenesis of vessels in oral mucosal wounds. METHODS: This was a prospective and experimental study. This study used sixty rats, which were divided into control and experimental groups. The animals were submitted to a surgical procedure, which caused oral mucosal injury. A saline solution was applied on the wound of the control group, and in the experimental group, a solution of bismuth subgallate was administrated. RESULTS: The experimental group showed greater inflammatory reaction with increasing monomorphic proliferation. There was increased vessel proliferation in the control group. CONCLUSION: Bismuth subgallate had a negative influence on the healing process, delaying the rate of new vessel formation and optimal wound healing.