[Embolism predictors of infective endocarditis]. / Variables predictoras de embolias en endocarditis infecciosa.

The embolic event (EE) increases the morbidity and mortality of infective endocarditis (IE). Prevalence of EE ranges between 22% and 50%, death rates being up to 25% of patients. EE may occur prior to diagnosis, during treatment or afterwards. The objective of this study was to evaluate the demographic, clinical, microbiological, echocardiographic and therapeutic characteristics in patients suffering from IE (with or without emboli) in order to determine predictors for EE. A descriptive study based on observations of patient population diagnosed with IE was conducted at the Hospital Italiano of La Plata during the period March 1996 - December 2004. Fifty-three patients with IE were analyzed (35 without EE and 18 with EE) in retrospect. We found that the presence of vegetations in the transthoracic (TTE) and/or transesophagic (TEE) echocardiographies at the time of diagnosis, the size > or = 10 mm and the compromise of the native mitral valve were the variables that showed significant statistical association with EE to be considered as predictors. The size _ 10 mm was the only variable associated with EE in the logistic regression analysis. During the elective antibiotic treatment, there was a reduction in EE, without their being present from the second week onwards.

Variables predictoras de embolias en endocarditis infecciosa / Embolism predictors of infective endocarditis

El evento embólico (EE) aumenta la morbi-mortalidad de la endocarditis infecciosa (EI). La prevalencia de EE oscila entre 22% y 50%, pudiendo ocasionar hasta el 25% de las muertes de los pacientes que lo presentan. El EE puede ocurrir previamente al diagnóstico, durante el tratamiento o bien posteriormente al mismo. Nuestro objetivo fue analizar las características demográficas, clínicas, microbiológicas, ecocardiográficas y terapeúticas, de pacientes con EI (con y sin embolias) para tratar de establecer variables predictoras del EE. Se realizó en el Hospital Italiano de La Plata, desde marzo de 1996 hasta diciembre de 2004, un estudio descriptivo observacional de una cohorte de pacientes con diagnóstico de EI. Se analizaron en forma retrospectiva 53 pacientes con EI (35 sin EE y 18 con EE). La presencia de vegetación (en el ecocardiograma transtorácico (ETT) y/o en el transesofágico (ETE) al momento del diagnóstico, el tamaño ³ 10 mm y el compromiso de la válvula mitral nativa, fueron las variables en las que existió una asociación estadísticamente significativa con el EE para ser consideradas como predictoras. El tamaño ³ 10 mm fue la única variable asociada a EE en el análisis de regresión logística. Durante el tratamiento antibiótico electivo hubo una reducción de EE, no observándose a partir de la segunda semana. (AU)

The embolic event (EE) increases the morbidity and mortality of infective endocarditis (IE). Prevalence of EE ranges between 22% and 50%, death rates being up to 25% of patients. EE may occur prior to diagnosis, during treatment or afterwards. The objective of this study was to evaluate the demographic, clinical, microbiological, echocardiographic and therapeutic characteristics in patients suffering from IE (with or without emboli) in order to determine predictors for EE. A descriptive study based on observations of patient population diagnosed with IE was conducted at the Hospital Italiano of La Plata during the period March 1996 - December 2004. Fifty-three patients with IE were analyzed (35 without EE and 18 with EE) in retrospect. We found that the presence of vegetations in the transthoracic (TTE) and/or transesophagic (TEE) echocardiographies at the time of diagnosis, the size ³ 10 mm and the compromise of the native mitral valve were the variables that showed significant statistical association with EE to be considered as predictors. The size ³ 10 mm was the only variable associated with EE in the logistic regression analysis. During the elective antibiotic treatment, there was a reduction in EE, without their being present from the second week onwards.(AU)

Variables predictoras de embolias en endocarditis infecciosa / Embolism predictors of infective endocarditis

El evento embólico (EE) aumenta la morbi-mortalidad de la endocarditis infecciosa (EI). La prevalencia de EE oscila entre 22% y 50%, pudiendo ocasionar hasta el 25% de las muertes de los pacientes que lo presentan. El EE puede ocurrir previamente al diagnóstico, durante el tratamiento o bien posteriormente al mismo. Nuestro objetivo fue analizar las características demográficas, clínicas, microbiológicas, ecocardiográficas y terapeúticas, de pacientes con EI (con y sin embolias) para tratar de establecer variables predictoras del EE. Se realizó en el Hospital Italiano de La Plata, desde marzo de 1996 hasta diciembre de 2004, un estudio descriptivo observacional de una cohorte de pacientes con diagnóstico de EI. Se analizaron en forma retrospectiva 53 pacientes con EI (35 sin EE y 18 con EE). La presencia de vegetación (en el ecocardiograma transtorácico (ETT) y/o en el transesofágico (ETE) al momento del diagnóstico, el tamaño ³ 10 mm y el compromiso de la válvula mitral nativa, fueron las variables en las que existió una asociación estadísticamente significativa con el EE para ser consideradas como predictoras. El tamaño ³ 10 mm fue la única variable asociada a EE en el análisis de regresión logística. Durante el tratamiento antibiótico electivo hubo una reducción de EE, no observándose a partir de la segunda semana.

The embolic event (EE) increases the morbidity and mortality of infective endocarditis (IE). Prevalence of EE ranges between 22% and 50%, death rates being up to 25% of patients. EE may occur prior to diagnosis, during treatment or afterwards. The objective of this study was to evaluate the demographic, clinical, microbiological, echocardiographic and therapeutic characteristics in patients suffering from IE (with or without emboli) in order to determine predictors for EE. A descriptive study based on observations of patient population diagnosed with IE was conducted at the Hospital Italiano of La Plata during the period March 1996 - December 2004. Fifty-three patients with IE were analyzed (35 without EE and 18 with EE) in retrospect. We found that the presence of vegetations in the transthoracic (TTE) and/or transesophagic (TEE) echocardiographies at the time of diagnosis, the size ³ 10 mm and the compromise of the native mitral valve were the variables that showed significant statistical association with EE to be considered as predictors. The size ³ 10 mm was the only variable associated with EE in the logistic regression analysis. During the elective antibiotic treatment, there was a reduction in EE, without their being present from the second week onwards.

Síndrome KID: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / KID syndrome: case report and literature review

El síndrome KID es un padecimiento congénito excepcional, de causa desconocida. Se caracteriza clínicamente por una tríada de K-queratitis, I-ictiosis, D-sordera que le dio su nombre. Presentamos a una paciente de 13 años de edad con síndrome KID y revisamos los aspectos clínicos, histológicos, terapéuticos y genéticos de esta entidad (AU)

Síndrome KID: presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / KID syndrome: case report and literature review

El síndrome KID es un padecimiento congénito excepcional, de causa desconocida. Se caracteriza clínicamente por una tríada de K-queratitis, I-ictiosis, D-sordera que le dio su nombre. Presentamos a una paciente de 13 años de edad con síndrome KID y revisamos los aspectos clínicos, histológicos, terapéuticos y genéticos de esta entidad

Treatment of advanced acanthamoeba keratitis with deep lamellar keratectomy and conjunctival flap.

PURPOSE: To describe whether deep lamellar keratectomy with a conjunctival flap is effective for the treatment of Acanthamoeba keratitis. METHODS: Two patients (three eyes) had at least a 4-week history of painful keratitis misdiagnosed as herpetic keratitis and bacterial keratitis. Both patients were started on multiple topical antiamoebic drugs after Acanthamoeba infection was confirmed. No improvement was observed after 3-4 weeks. Surgery was then performed. Peribulbar anesthesia was given, and the infected tissue was removed by deep lamellar keratectomy. A bipediculate conjunctival flap was put in place and secured with interrupted 10-0 nylon sutures. RESULTS: Both patients experienced immediate pain relief. The infection was controlled and all medications were tapered. There were neither necrosis nor retraction of the flap. Final examination revealed a Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of 20/100 in each eye in the patient described in case number one at 30 months, and 20/100 in the patient described in case number two at 13 months. CONCLUSION: Deep lamellar keratectomy with a conjunctival flap is a suitable approach to help control the infection and to help relieve pain in patients with advanced Acanthamoeba keratitis.