RESUMEN
Fenton's reaction is proposed as an accelerated weathering test for sulphides associated with Brazilian Coal Mining Residues (CMR), that are exposed to oxygen and water during the mining of coal. TEM and SEM/EDX were used to evaluate the nature, occurrence and distribution of minerals in remaining coals and other lithological units, before and after applying the test. Oxidation of CMRs was examined by analyzing soluble sulphur (sulphate) and dissolved metals by ICP-MS or ICP OES. As dissolved sulphate increases, dissolved Zn, Cd, Cu and Co concentrations increase, leading to undetectable amounts in the remaining solid phases; dissolved Ni and Mn also increase with the mobilized sulphur, but the remainder in the solids is the most important fraction; Fe and Pb are not mobilized due to precipitation as jarosite or hematite in the case of Fe or as sulphate in the case of Pb. Agreement between the observed results and the predictions by geochemical modelling is discussed.
Asunto(s)
Minas de Carbón , Sulfuros/química , Brasil , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/química , Hierro/química , Oxidación-ReducciónRESUMEN
The current paper presents the concentration, distribution, and modes of occurrence of trace elements of 13 coals from south Brazil. The samples were collected in the state of Santa Catarina. Chemical analyses and the high ash yields indicate that all studied coals are rich in mineral matter, with SiO(2) and Al(2)O(3) dominating as determined by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Quartz is the main mineral species and is associated with minor levels of feldspars, kaolinite, hematite, and iron-rich carbonates. The contents of trace elements, including As, Pb, Cd, Ni, Cr, Mn, Be, V, U, Zn, Li, Cu, Tl, and Ni, in coals were determined. A comparison of ranges and means of elemental concentrations in Santa Catarina, Brazil, and world coals shows that the ranges of most elements in Santa Catarina coal are very close to the usual worldwide concentration ranges in coal.