A study on catalytic co-pyrolysis of kitchen waste with tire waste over ZSM-5 using TG-FTIR and Py-GC/MS.

Co-pyrolysis characteristics of kitchen waste (KW) with tire waste (TW) were studied by TGA-FTIR and Py-GC/MS. The kinetic parameters were calculated by Ozawa-Flynn-Wall (OFW) and the Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS) methods. TGA-FTIR results indicated that CO2, CO, NO, NH3, SO2, CH and CC groups were the main gases released from the pyrolysis process, finding that a certain coupling synergistic interaction occurred between KW and TW. Co-pyrolysis of KW and TW displayed positive synergy in pyrolysis kinetics, especially at the ratio of 5:5 whose apparent activation energy declined 16.78% (by FWO) and 17.54% (by KAS). The Py-GC/MS results found that co-pyrolysis could increase the total peak area of volatile matters (10.92-15.34%). Moreover, co-pyrolysis could increase hydrocarbons (especially for olefins (13.25-37.42%)) and inhibit non-hydrocarbon compounds (about 63%) of volatile products. In brief, co-pyrolysis of KW and TW could be a potential way for improving quality of pyrolysis oil.

A study on microwave-assisted fast co-pyrolysis of chlorella and tire in the N2 and CO2 atmospheres.

The microwave-assisted fast co-pyrolysis of chlorella and tire with additive under N2 and CO2 atmospheres were investigated. The pyrolysis profiles, yields of three-phase, the chemical composition of liquid and the ultimate analyses of solid residues were gained. With the tire ratio increasing, all the characters had the changes. The finial temperature had a wave change. The yield of liquid decreased and the chemical composition obtained in liquid of oxygenates compounds decreased, while hydrocarbon compounds increased, among which aromatic hydrocarbons had the highest content. The yield of solid increased, the HHV had a wave change and the values of H/C decreased. Under CO2 atmosphere, the final temperatures were lower with 70% and 100% chlorella ratios, the yield difference of liquid reached the minimal with 70% and 30% chlorella ratios. According to the quantity and quality of liquid and solid, and the former results, 50% percentage of tire was the suitable ratio.

Co-pyrolysis kinetics of sewage sludge and bagasse using multiple normal distributed activation energy model (M-DAEM).

In this study, the kinetic models of bagasse, sewage sludge and their mixture were established by the multiple normal distributed activation energy model. Blending with sewage sludge, the initial temperature declined from 437 K to 418 K. The pyrolytic species could be divided into five categories, including analogous hemicelluloses I, hemicelluloses II, cellulose, lignin and bio-char. In these species, the average activation energies and the deviations situated at reasonable ranges of 166.4673-323.7261 kJ/mol and 0.1063-35.2973 kJ/mol, respectively, which were conformed to the references. The kinetic models were well matched to experimental data, and the R2 were greater than 99.999%y. In the local sensitivity analysis, the distributed average activation energy had stronger effect on the robustness than other kinetic parameters. And the content of pyrolytic species determined which series of kinetic parameters were more important.

Ultrasonic pretreatment effects on the co-pyrolysis of municipal solid waste and paper sludge through orthogonal test.

In this study, the influences of ultrasonic pretreatment factors (frequency, power, treatment time) on blends of municipal solid waste (MSW) and paper sludge (PS) with additive (MgO) was explored, through orthogonal experiments design. The optimum operating condition wanted to be acquired. However, for the ultimate (H/C) and ash analysis after pretreatment, solid residue mass and oxygenates compounds contents in products, the influences of factors were in different results. With adding PS unceasingly, the contents of hydrocarbon compounds decreased. And the ultrasonic pretreatment had the obvious influence with high PS percentage. Longer treatment time resulted to the lower content of oxygenates compounds. After adding MgO, the residue mass reduced, which meant MgO had the catalytic action, and the oxygenates compounds content reduced only with 100 kHz, which had the sonochemical effect.