Interfacial Push-Pull Dynamics Enable Rapid Had Desorption for Enhanced Formate Electrooxidation.

The electrocatalytic conversion of formate in alkaline solutions is of paramount significance in the realm of fuel cell applications. Nonetheless, the adsorptive affinity of adsorbed hydrogen (Had) on the catalyst surface has traditionally impeded the catalytic efficiency of formate in such alkaline environments. To circumvent this challenge, our approach introduces an interfacial push-pull effect on the catalyst surface. This mechanism involves two primary actions: First, the anchoring of palladium (Pd) nanoparticles on a phosphorus-doped TiO2 substrate (Pd/TiO2-P) promotes the formation of electron-rich Pd with a downshifted d band center, thereby "pushing" the desorption of Had from the Pd active sites. Second, the TiO2-P support diminishes the energy barrier for Had transfer from the Pd sites to the support itself, "pulling" Had to effectively relocate from the Pd active sites to the support. The resultant Pd/TiO2-P catalyst showcases a remarkable mass activity of 4.38 A mgPd-1 and outperforms the Pd/TiO2 catalyst (2.39 A mgPd-1) by a factor of 1.83. This advancement not only surmounts a critical barrier in catalysis but also delineates a scalable pathway to bolster the efficacy of Pd-based catalysts in alkaline media.

Spin Symmetry Breaking-induced Hubbard Gap Near-Closure in N-coordinated MnO2 for Enhanced Aqueous Zinc-Ion Battery Performance.

Transition metal oxides (TMOs) are promising cathode materials for aqueous zinc ion batteries (ZIBs), however, their performance is hindered by a substantial Hubbard gap, which limits electron transfer and battery cyclability. Addressing this, we introduce a heteroatom coordination approach, using triethanolamine to induce axial N coordination on Mn centers in MnO2, yielding N-coordinated MnO2 (TEAMO). This approach leverages the change of electronegativity disparity between Mn and ligands (O and N) to disrupt spin symmetry and augment spin polarization. This enhancement leads to the closure of the Hubbard gap, primarily driven by the intensified occupancy of the Mn eg orbitals. The resultant TEAMO exhibit a significant increase in storage capacity, reaching 351 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1. Our findings suggest a viable strategy for optimizing the electronic structure of TMO cathodes, enhancing the potential of ZIBs in energy storage technology.

Enhancing the Efficacy of Emergency Care Pathways in the Management of Stroke Patients.

Background: The rising incidence of emergency stroke cases emphasizes the need for refining care strategies. This study addresses this critical need to assess the effectiveness of optimized emergency care pathways for improving patient outcomes. Objective: This study evaluates the efficacy of optimized emergency care pathways for stroke patients in emergency situations. Methods: A total of 60 emergency stroke cases admitted to our hospital between June 2020 and June 2022 were included. Patients were assigned to a control group and an observation group based on care modalities in a 1:1 ratio. The control group received conventional emergency care, while the observation group underwent the optimized emergency care pathway. Baseline data, resuscitation effects, clinical outcomes, serum inflammatory factor levels, prognosis, nursing satisfaction, and related indices were recorded and compared between the two groups. Results: Patients in the observation group exhibited significantly reduced resuscitation and treatment times compared to the control group (P < .001). The observation group had fewer deaths within 48 hours (P < .001). Serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) decreased significantly in the observation group compared to the control group (P < .001). The observation group also had fewer cases of disability, vegetation, and death (6.66% vs. 40%, P < .001). Patient satisfaction in the observation group was 90%, significantly higher than the control group (20%, P < .001). Conclusions: The optimized emergency care pathway proves effective for emergency stroke patients, enhancing resuscitation, clinical outcomes, and prognosis while reducing inflammatory factors. Furthermore, it elevates patient satisfaction, warranting widespread implementation.

Clinical Effect of a Prospective Nursing Model Combined with Humanistic Care in Patients with Acute Stroke.

Objective: To investigate the clinical effects of applying a prospective nursing model combined with humanistic care in patients with acute stroke. Methods: A total of 160 patients with acute stroke who received treatment at The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from July 2019 to July 2021 were selected as the study subjects. According to different nursing methods, the patients were divided into a control group of 80 patients, who received basic routine nursing care, and an observation group of 80 patients, who received a prospective nursing model combined with humanistic care. Hemodynamic status, the concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor, concentrations, SF-36 Survey scores, Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the 2 groups. Results: The hemodynamic status of the patients in the observation group, as measured by heart rate, arterial pressure, and blood oxygen saturation, was significantly improved compared with patients in the control group (P < .05). The concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8, and tumor necrosis factor were significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group (P < .05). The SF-36 Survey scores were higher in the observation group than in the control group (P < .05). The Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale scores were lower in the observation group than in the control group (P < .05). Nursing satisfaction was higher in the observation group than in the control group (P <.05). Conclusion: The application of a prospective nursing model combined with humanistic care in patients with acute stroke can effectively reduce concentrations of inflammatory factors, improve blood oxygen saturation, alleviate negative emotions such as depression and anxiety, and enhance the patients' quality of life and nursing satisfaction. Therefore, this model is worthy of clinical promotion and application.

WO3 -Assisted Synergetic Effect Catalyzes Efficient and CO-Tolerant Hydrogen Oxidation for PEMFCs.

Developing anode catalysts with substantially enhanced activity for hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and CO tolerance performance is of great importance for the commercial applications of proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). Herein, an excellent CO-tolerant catalyst (Pd-WO3 /C) has been fabricated by loading Pd nanoparticles on WO3 via an immersion-reduction route. A remarkably high power density of 1.33 W cm-2 at 80 °C is obtained by using the optimized 3Pd-WO3 /C as the anode catalyst of PEMFCs, and the moderately reduced power density (73% remained) in CO/H2 mixed gas can quickly recover after removal of CO-contamination from hydrogen fuel, which is not possible by using Pt/C or Pd/C as anode catalyst. The prominent HOR activity of 3Pd-WO3 /C is attributed to the optimized interfacial electron interaction, in which the activated H* adsorbed on Pd species can be effectively transferred to WO3 species through hydrogen spillover effect and then oxidized through the H species insert/output effect during the formation of Hx WO3 in acid electrolyte. More importantly, a novel synergetic catalytic mechanism about excellent CO tolerance is proposed, in which Pd and WO3 respectively absorbs/activates CO and H2 O, thus achieving the CO electrooxidation and re-exposure of Pd active sites for CO-tolerant HOR.

Clinical Efficacy of Percutaneous Kyphoplasty Combined with Calcitriol and Calcium in the Treatment of Traumatic Nonosteoporotic Vertebral Compression Fractures.

Objective: The present study investigated the clinical efficacy of percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP) combined with calcitriol and calcium in the treatment of traumatic nonosteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (TNVCFs). Methods: The patients were equally divided into a control group and a treatment group by a random number table. The patients in the control group underwent PKP surgery, and the patients in the treatment group received calcitriol and calcium on the basis of PKP surgery. The visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores, Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) scores, the height of the anterior edge of the vertebral body, Cobb's angle, and the level of the bone mineral density of the two groups of TNVCF patients before surgery were recorded and compared, one and six months after surgery. Results: Thirty-six inpatients with TNVCFs admitted to the trauma center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January 2019 to January 2020 were recruited. There were no significant differences in the VAS and ODI scores, the height of the anterior edge of the injured vertebral body, Cobb's angle, and bone mineral density between the two groups before surgery (P > 0.05). The VAS scores, ODI scores, the height of the anterior edge of the injured vertebral body, and Cobb's angle of the two groups of patients after surgery were significantly better than those before surgery. One and six months after surgery, the VAS and ODI scores, the height of the anterior edge of the injured vertebral body, Cobb's angle, and the bone mineral density of the patients in the treatment group improved significantly compared to those in the control group (P < 0.05). Conclusions: PKP combined with calcitriol and calcium medications could significantly relieve pain, alleviate the loss of compressed vertebral height and kyphosis, and improve the spinal function and the life quality of the TNVCF patients.

Construction of CoP2-Mo4P3/NF Heterogeneous Interfacial Electrocatalyst for Boosting Water Splitting.

Developing highly efficient, cost effective and durable bifunctional electrocatalyst remains a key challenge for overall water splitting. Herein, a bifunctional catalyst CoP2-Mo4P3/NF with rich heterointerfaces was successfully prepared by a two-step hydrothermal-phosphorylation method. The synergistic interaction between CoP2 and Mo4P3 heterogeneous interfaces can optimize the electronic structure of active sites, leading to the weak adsorption of H on the Mo sites and the increased redox activity of the Co site, resultantly improving the HER/OER bifunctional catalytic activity. The synthesized CoP2-Mo4P3/NF catalyst exhibits excellent electrocatalytic activity in 1.0 M KOH with low overpotentials of 77.6 and 300.3 at 100 mA cm-2 for HER and OER, respectively. Additionally, the assembled CoP2-Mo4P3/NF||CoP2-Mo4P3/NF electrolyzer delivers a current density of 100 mA cm-2 at a cell voltage of 1.59 V and remains stable for at least 370 h at 110 mA cm-2, indicating the potential application prospective in water splitting.

Design, synthesis, fungicidal activity and molecular docking studies of novel 2-((2-hydroxyphenyl)methylamino)acetamide derivatives.

A series of novel 2-hydroxyphenyl substituted aminoacetamides was designed by molecular hybridization of the aminoacetamide scaffold and 2-hydroxyphenyl motif. The target compounds were synthesized and their fungicidal activities were evaluated. Some of the target compounds showed excellent antifungal activities against S. sclerotiorum and P. capsici. Significantly, compounds 5e displayed the most potent activity against S. sclerotiorum with EC50 = 2.89 µg/mL, which was lower than that of commercial chlorothalonil. The systematic studies provided strong confidence that the hydroxyl group and the carbonyl group are crucial for the fungicidal activity. Molecular docking studies suggest that SDH enzyme could be one of the potential action targets of our compounds.

Small-molecule Mcl-1 inhibitors: Emerging anti-tumor agents.

The anti-apoptotic members of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) proteins family, such as Bcl-2 and myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1), are the key regulators of the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis and overexpressed in many tumor cells, which have been confirmed as potential drug targets for cancers. A number of Bcl-2 proteins inhibitors have been developed and conducted clinical trials, but no Mcl-1 inhibitors are presented in the clinics. In addition, Mcl-1 is an important reason for the resistance to radio- and chemotherapies, including inhibitors that target other Bcl-2 family members. For example, the recently launched Bcl-2-selective inhibitor ABT-199 displays highly potency in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), but it cannot induce the apoptosis controlled by Mcl-1 in some tumor cell lines. Therefore, developing potent Mcl-1 inhibitors become urgently needed in clinical therapy. This review briefly introduces the structure of Mcl-1 protein, the role in cancers and focuses on the progress of small-molecule Mcl-1 inhibitors from 2012 to 2017.