Epidemiological study of granulomatous prostatitis in a tertiary hospital: Associated risk factors and relationship with prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective was to estimate the incidence of granulomatous prostatitis (GP) in Son Espases University Hospital, a tertiary care hospital, in Palma de Mallorca (Spain). As secondary objectives, presence of concomitant PCa in the biopsy was analyzed, as well as the history of previous BCG instillations, biopsy origin, urinary symptoms, and cardiovascular risk (CV) factors. METHODS: A descriptive retrospective study of GP and the aforedescribed variables were carried out from 2010 to 2017. RESULTS: A total of 3651 histopathological prostate specimens were analyzed, 39 of which were diagnosed with GP (incidence of 1.06%). Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) were present in a 48.7% and previous history of bladder tumor resection (TURBT) was present in 35.9% of the cases. Also, urinary tract infections were equally present. All cases with prior TURBT had intravesical instillations with BCG, although 5 (12.8%) and 4 (10.3%) cases had abnormal rectal examination and elevated PSA levels after instillations, respectively. Finally, in 14 cases (35.9%) there was also a diagnosis of concomitant PCa. The most common CV risk factor in these patients was smoking (79.5%) followed by hypertension (64.8%). CONCLUSIONS: The estimated incidence of GP in our center (1.06%)g is close to that described by other authors. About 14 cases were diagnosed with PCa (35.9%), a higher value than previously described in the literature, and most of these were found incidentally, especially in cystoprostatectomies. This high percentage of concomitant GP and PCa could be due to a rise in Transrectal Prostate biopsies (TRPB), as in recent years there has been a tendency to increase the use of PSA in routine clinical practice.

Iliac-Ileal Conduit Fistula.

One of the possible complications of chronic ureteral stenting is an artery-urinary tract fistula, although it is very rare. If it occurs, it is an emergency that needs surgery because of hemorrhage. We describe a case of an iliac-ileal conduit fistula, which is extremely rare, that was successfully treated by endovascular stent grafting.

[Uretero-arterial fistula secondary to renal artery aneurysm. Unusual complication of a low prevalence disease.] / Fistula ureteroarterial por aneurisma de arteria renal. Una complicación inusual de una enfermedad poco prevalente.

To review the presentation, diagnosis and treatment of the renal artery aneurysms. Also, to report a non-described complication like the presence of an ureteroarterial fistula, its diagnosis, treatment and complications. METHODS: We report the case of a patient with a renal artery aneurysm that presents a ureteroarterial microfistula on a CT scan, his presenting symptoms, the diagnosis, treatment and management of the subsequent complications. RESULTS: Ureteroarterial fistula is an unusual complication of renal artery aneurysms. Currently, by the application of minimally invasive techniques and the use of new biodegradable materials we can treat a wide range of diseases endovascularly, although we often don´t know the complications that can result. CONCLUSIONS: Renal artery aneurysms are not a prevalent disease and sometimes not described complications like ureteroarterial fistula may occur. There is no clear consensus on the management and treatment, but minimally invasive endovascular techniques could represent the gold standard nowadays.