Comparison of Effect of Ancient and Modern Processing Methods on Chemical Components of Lilii Bulbus Decoction Based on UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo compare the effects of different processing methods in ancient and modern times on the chemical components of Lilii Bulbus decoction， and to provide experimental support for the origin processing， decoction piece processing and clinical application of this herb. MethodUltra high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole electrostatic field orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry（UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS） was used for structural identification of the compounds using excimer ions， secondary MS and characteristic fragment ions， and referring to relevant literature and database information. Principal component analysis（PCA） and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis（OPLS-DA） were used to screen the main differential components， the differential components were quantitatively studied by high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC）， in order to compare the types and contents of chemical components in the decoction of different processing products of Lilii Bulbus. ResultA total of 24 chemical components were identified from the decoction of different processed products of Lilii Bulbus， water extract and scalding liquid of fresh Lilii Bulbus， including 17 phenols， 5 saponins and 2 alkaloids. Compared with the fresh Lilii Bulbus decoction， the contents of regaloside A， p-coumaric acid， colchicine and other components in the decoction of dry Lilii Bulbus processed by scalding method decreased， the content of regaloside C in the decoction of dry Lilii Bulbus processed by steaming method decreased， and the contents of regaloside A and regaloside C in the decoction of fresh Lilii Bulbus processed by water immersion also decreased. Compared with the decoction of dry Lilii Bulbus processed by scalding method， the overall content of components in the fresh Lilii Bulbus decoction and the decoction of fresh Lilii Bulbus processed by water immersion was higher， the contents of components in the decoction of dry Lilii Bulbus processed by steaming method was higher， except for the slightly lower content of regaloside C. ConclusionDifferent processing processes have a certain effect on the types and contents of chemical components in Lilii Bulbus decoction. Scalding process is beneficial to the preservation of Lilii Bulbus， but can cause the loss of effective components. Compared with scalding method， steaming method can prevent browning of Lilii Bulbus and reduce the loss of its active ingredients. The processing method of removing foam after overnight immersion proposed by ZHANG Zhongjing may be more conducive to the treatment of Baihe disease， which can provide reference for the clinical rational application and mechanism research of different processed products of Lilii Bulbus.

Chimeric Antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cells targeting Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) can inhibit tumor growth in ovarian cancer mouse model.

Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the most lethal solid tumors with poor prognosis. In 2017, two chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell drugs were approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and continuously optimized CAR-T cells therapy might be the novel hope for OC patient. EpCAM are known to be over-expressed in OC cells and could be targeted by CAR-T cells. However, the feasibility of using EpCAM-CAR-T cells to treat OC still needs to be verified. We engineered the 3rd-generation EpCAM-CAR containing a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) EpCAM-scFv that targeting EpCAM, a CD8 transmembrane domain, the costimulatory domains from both CD28 and 4-1BB, and activating domain CD3ζ and then transduced the CAR into T-cells via lentivirus. In addition, the cytotoxicity and cytokine releasing ability of the EpCAM-CAR-T cells against OC cell SKOV3 were verified in vitro. The in vivo data also showed that EpCAM-CAR-T cells significantly reduced the tumor size in OC xenograft mouse models. The anti-tumor activity of EpCAM-CAR-T cells against OC in vitro and in vivo indicated that the CAR-T might provide a promising therapeutic approach to OC.

AGR2 is a target of canonical Wnt/ß-catenin signaling and is important for stemness maintenance in colorectal cancer stem cells.

Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths. Due to relapse after current therapy regimens, cancer stem cells (CSCs) are being studied to target this small tumor-initiating population. Anterior gradient 2 (AGR2), a disulfide isomerase protein, is a well-known pro-oncogenic/metastatic oncogene overexpressed in various tumor tissues, including colon cancer. We found that AGR2 was a novel stem cell marker that was regulated by the canonical Wnt/ß-catenin pathway in colon CSCs. AGR2 was highly co-expressed with surface stem cell markers in spheroidal culture. Silencing of AGR2 resulted in decreased sphere-forming ability and down-regulated expression of stem cell markers, whereas the opposite effects were seen with AGR2 overexpression. Moreover, patients with high ß-catenin and AGR2 expression showed lower overall survival than those with low expression. In conclusion, our study describes a novel role for AGR2 as a stem cell marker that is highly regulated by canonical Wnt/ß-catenin signaling in colorectal cancer.

MHY2233 Attenuates Replicative Cellular Senescence in Human Endothelial Progenitor Cells via SIRT1 Signaling.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of death worldwide. Due to the prevalence of many side effects and incomplete recovery from pharmacotherapies, stem cell therapy is being targeted for the treatment of CVDs. Among the different types of stem cells, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) have great potential. However, cellular replicative senescence decreases the proliferation, migration, and overall function of EPCs. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been mainly studied in the mammalian aging process. MHY2233 is a potent synthetic SIRT1 activator and a novel antiaging compound. We found that MHY2233 increased the expression of SIRT1, and its deacetylase activity thereby decreased expression of the cellular senescence biomarkers, p53, p16, and p21. In addition, MHY2233 decreased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase- (SA-ß-gal-) positive cells and senescence-associated secretory phenotypes (SASPs), such as the secretion of interleukin- (IL-) 6, IL-8, IL-1α, and IL-1ß. MHY2233 treatment protected senescent EPCs from oxidative stress by decreasing cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, thus enhancing cell survival and function. The angiogenesis, proliferation, and migration of senescent EPCs were enhanced by MHY2233 treatment. Thus, MHY2233 reduces replicative and oxidative stress-induced senescence in EPCs. Therefore, this novel antiaging compound MHY2233 might be considered a potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of age-associated CVDs.

Application of polyetheretherketone and its composite as frameworks in fixed dental prostheses / 中华口腔医学杂志

Characterized by eminent mechanical properties, chemical stability and biosafety, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), as a brand-new type of biomedical material, has been applied in the field of stomatology. This review elaborates on basic behaviors and fabrication methods of PEEK and its composite, and their application in fixed dental prostheses (FDP) as frameworks as well as their adhesive properties. Meanwhile, this review also looks into the prospect of the integration of additive manufacturing in fabricating frameworks of PEEK and its composite in FDP.

Epidemiological characteristics of echinococcosis in Zhuoni County Gansu Province / 中华地方病学杂志

Objective To understand the epidemic trend and characteristics of echinococcosis in Zhuoni County, and to provide evidence for formulating prevention and control strategies. Methods From 2008 to 2016, according to the "Monitoring Program for Prevention and Control of Echinococcosis in Gansu", a cluster sampling method was adopted to examine the prevalence of echinococcosis in the villages and towns of Zhuoni County with the administrative village as a unit; B ultrasonic examination was used to study the prevalence of echinococcosis in the population. According to "the Diagnostic Criteria of Echinococcosis"( WS 257-2006), epidemiological history and clinical manifestations, the detection rate of echinococcosis was calculated; children under 12 years of age in one rural primary school were surveyed every year in each of the disease affected county; venous blood was collected, serum was separated, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the IgG antibody of echinococcosis, and the positive rate of IgG antibody of echinococcosis in children was calculated; 50 - 100 households were sellected every year in each of the disease affected village and town, one sample of canine feces was collected from each household, the fecal antigen of echinococcus canis was detected via the double antibody sandwich ELISA method, and the positive rate of dog fecal antigen was calculated; every year 700 sheep or 300 cattle were randomly dissected at the slaughterhouse of Zhuoni County , and their organs such as liver and lungs of slaughtered cattle and sheep were examined, the infection rate of echinococcosis in the year was calculated. Results From 2008 to 2016, echinococcus detection rate in Zhuoni County was 0.18％(200/108522), and all of the cases were cystic;the detection rate of female (0.23％, 123/53556) was higher than that of male (0.14％, 77/54966), and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=11.83, P<0.05);the number of farmer cases was the highest (58.00％, 116/200), followed by herdsmen (39.50％, 79/200);96.94％(95/98) of the administrative villages in Zhuoni County had echinococcus;the disease was most severe in pure pastoral areas (0.44％, 15/3423), followed by semi pastoral areas (0.37％, 29/7756), and cities and towns the least (0.06％, 16/25923). The positive rate of IgG in children with echinococcus was 2.13％(235/11048), the infection rate of echinococcus canis was 1.71％(183/10711), and the infection rate of echinococcus in livestock was 1.36％ (100/7348). The detection rate of echinococcus decreased from 1.02％(106/10350) in 2009 to 0.03％(3/11804) in 2016, the IgG positive rate of echinococcus in children dropped from 7.50％ (9/120) in 2008 to 0.71％ in 2016 (9/1264), the infection rate of echinococcus canis decreased from 3.13％(47/1500) in 2009 to 0.30％(3/1000) in 2016, and the rate of echinococcus in livestock infection decreased from 4.21％ (34/807) in 2010 to 0.30％(3/1000) in 2016. Conclusions County wide epidemic of echinococcus is found in Zhuoni with serious damage; after 9 years of comprehensive prevention and control, the detection rate of echinococcosis, IgG positive rate of echinococcus in children, positive rate of echinococcus granulosus antigen in domestic dogs and infection rate of echinococcosis in livestock are all decreased significantly. It shows that comprehensive prevention and control strategy has achieved remarkable results.

Effect of Acupoint Injection at Quyuan (SI13) on the Vibrating Perception Threshold and Its Efficacy in Treating Cervical Spondylosis of Nerve Root Type / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To compare the vibrating perception threshold (VPT) between normal subjects and subjects with cervical spondylosis of nerve root type, and to observe the clinical efficacy of acupoint injection at Quyuan (SI13) in releasing pain in cervical spondylosis of nerve root type.Method Sixty-three patients with cervical spondylosis of nerve root type were recruited and randomized into a treatment group of 35 cases and a control group of 28 cases. The treatment group received acupoint injection at Quyuan, and the control group received acupoint injection at Jiaji (EX-B2) points. The short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ) was adopted. From the questionnaire, the Pain Rating Index (PRI), sensory (S), affective (A), and total (T) pain rating indexes, Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and Present Pain Index (PPI) were used to comprehensively evaluate the pain improvement and to quantify the therapeutic efficacy, and the VPT was also considered. The Clinical Assessment Scale for Cervical Spondylosis (CASCS) by West China Rehabilitation Center was also used to analyze the result in the treatment group.Result After the intervention, the MPQ and VAS scores in the treatment group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the VPT was improved after the treatment.Conclusion Acupoint injection at Quyuan can produce a more significant efficacy than at Jiaji (EX-B2) in treating cervical spondylosis of nerve root type.

Changes of the serum heart-type fatty acid-binding protein and brain natriuretic peptide in chronic pediatric heart failure / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To observe the changes of serum heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (h-FABP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) for assessing the clinical values in children with chronic heart failure (CHF).Methods A total of 50 patients with CHF,including 22 endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE) cases and 28 dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) cases,were enrolled.Thirty healthy children were enrolled as controls.The concentrations of serum h-FABP and BNP were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),and the left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD),left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD),left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF),left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS),and cardiac index (CI) were measured by echocardiography.Results The concentrations of serum h-FABP and BNP in patients with CHF were significantly higher than those in control group (22.68 ±4.18 ng/mL vs.6.31 ± 1.72 ng/mL;565.52±179.64 pg/mLvs.31.22±9.83 pg/mL,all,P ＜ 0.01),and h-FABP and BNP were positively correlated with the degree of heart failure (all,P ＜0.01),and they were both higher in group EFE and DCM than those in control group (all,P＜0.01),but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).The h-FABP concentration in CHF patients was positively correlated with BNP ((r =0.782,P ＜0.01).The h-FABP concentration in CHF patients was positively correlated with LVESD,LVEDD (r =0.626,O.662,respectively;all,P＜0.01),and negatively correlated with LVEF,LVFS,and CI (r =-0.652,-0.636,-0.709,respectively;all,P ＜ 0.01).The BNP concentration was also positively correlated with LVESD,LVEDD (r =0.733,0.689,respectively;all,P ＜0.01),and negatively correlated with LVEF,LVFS,and CI (r=-0.745,-0.612,-0.791,respectively;all,P＜0.01).Conclusions Serum concentrations of h-FABP and BNP can be used as biomarkers to evaluate the severity of chronic heart failure.

Fibromyalgia syndrome treated with acupuncture at the acupoints of the affected meridians and heavy moxibustion at painful points: a randomized controlled trial / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the clinical efficacy on fibromyalgia syndrome treated with acupuncture at the acupoints selected from the affected meridians based on the location differentiation and the heavy moxibustion at painful points by the randomized controlled trial with medication.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Thirty-two patients of fibromyalgia were randomized into an acupuncture-moxihustion group and a medication group, 16 cases in each one. In the acupuncture-moxibustion group, acupuncture at the acupoints selected from the affected meridians based on the location differentiation and the heavy moxibustion at painful points were applied, once every two days, three times a week, for 4 weeks totally. In the medication group, tramadol sustained release tablets and amitriptyline were prescribed for oral administration, once a day, for 4 weeks. The follow-up visit was conducted for 4 weeks in the two groups. Before and after treatment and in follow-up visit, the revised version of the fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQR) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were adopted for assessment and comparison of the efficacy between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment and in follow-up visit, FIQR score and VAS score were improved apparently as compared with those before treatment in the two groups (all P<0. 05). At the end of treatment, the differences were not significant statistically between the two groups (all P>0. 05). But the differences were significant in follow-up visit (all P<0. 05). The scores in the acupuncture-moxibustion group were improved persistently, but those in the medication group were rebound.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The acupuncture at the acupoints selected from the affected meridians based on the location differentiation and the heavy moxibustion at painful points are safe and effective in the treatment of fibromyalgia syndrome and present the better persistent effect as compared with the combined medication of tramadol sustained release tablets and amitriptyline.</p>

Strategy on the recruitment of free community medical-consultation in acupuncture clinical trials / 中国针灸

The difficulty in the participant recruitment is the common question in acupuncture clinical trial study. The existing recruitment of clinical trial is most applicable for the clinical trial of medicines. Because the intervention of acupuncture clinical trial is different from that of medicines, characterized as the specialties in "theory, principle, acupoints, technique", it is very necessary to develop the strategy on the participant recruitment in acupuncture clinical trial. The free community medical consultation is one of the important means of recruitment. In the paper, by taking the participant recruitment of acupuncture clinical trial on chronic stable angina pectoris as the example, the discussion is given on the strategy on the recruitment of free community medical consultation in the aspects of feasible investigation of recruitment approach, recruitment plan, participant screening, etc. The revisiting after the free community medical consultation is the important approach to the improvement of successful recruitment. This strategy on the recruitment of free community medical consultation is highly practical and improves the successful rate and compliance of the participant recruitment. Hence, this strategy deserves to be promoted.

Value of procalcitonin, matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the differential diagnosis of intracranial infection in children / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To observe the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of procalcitonin (PCT),matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in children with purulent meningitis and viral encephalitis,and evaluat the differential diagnosis value of PCT and MMP-9.Methods The clinical data of 73 patients with intracranial infection admitted to neurology of Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital from September 2014 to December 2015.Twenty-two patients with pumlent meningitis were se1ected as purulent meningitis group,51 patients with viral encephalitis as viral encephalitis group,and another 20 non-infectious convulsion children as a control group.Samples of 2 ml CSF and 3 ml venous blood from all the subjects were collected within 24 hours after admission.The levels of MMP-9 were detected by Enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),and the PCT 1evels were measured by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay.The data in multiple groups were compared with analysis of variance,and by SNK-q test to carry on pairwise comparison among groups.The positive rate significance compared by Chi-square test.Linear correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis.Results Mean serum and CSF levels of PCT in the pumlent meningitis patients group were significantly higher than those in the viral encephalitis group as well as the control group (P ＜ 0.01),but the levels of serum or CSF there were no significant difference between the viral encephalitis group and the control group (P ＞ 0.05);Mean serum and CSF levels of MMP-9 in the pumlent meningitis patients group were significantly higher than those in the viral encephalitis group and control group (P ＜ 0.01),and the levels in patients with viral encephalitis were significantly higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.01);The increased percentage of the serum and CSF PCT in pumlent meningitis group were significantly higher than in viral encephalitis group (P ＜ 0.01).,but there were no significant difference for MMP-9 (P ＞ 0.05);The PCT level of serum or CSF in pumlent meningitis patients was positively correlated with MMP-9 (r =0.498,P ＜ 0.01),but there was no significant correlation in viral encephalitis group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Detection of PCT and MMP-9 level is valuable in differential diagnosis for the pumlent meningitis or viral encephalitis.

Silk fibroins from different sources repair osteochondral defects / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:At present, there are no studies of comparing the effect of silk fibroins from different sources in repair of osteochondral defects. OBJECTIVE:To compare the effect of mulberry silk- and tussah-derived silk fibroin scaffold materials in repair of osteochondral defect. METHODS:Totaly 20 New Zealand white rabbits were obtained to prepare osteochondral defect models on the unilateral knee joint and randomly divided into five groups: control group, experimental group 1, experimental group 2, experimental group 3 and experimental group 4. Rabbits in the control group were not implanted any materials. In the experimental group 1, 3 layers of mulberry silk protein scaffolds stuck together to fil in defects. In the experimental group 2, one mulberry silk protein scaffold coated with transforming growth factor-β3 was stuck with two mulberry silk protein scaffolds coated with bone morphogenetic protein-2 to fil in defects. In the experimental group 3, three layers of tussah protein scaffolds stuck together to fil in defects. In the experimental group 4, one tussah protein scaffold coated with transforming growth factor-β3 stuck together with two tussah protein scaffolds coated with bone morphogenetic protein-2 to fil in defects. At 8 weeks post surgery, articular cartilage repair area was observed histopathologicaly. Type I and II colagen expressions were determined. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The colagen fibers in experimental group 1 were widely distributed in the ful-thickness defect area. The colagen fibers in the experimental group 2 were paralely distributed on the surface of repair area, verticaly distributed from the middle and bottom to the top direction. Colagen was observed on the surface of repair area in the experimental group 3. The cartilage-like cels presented clumped distribution on the surface and at the bottom of scaffold. The type I colagen expression in the repair area was strongly positive in these four experimental groups. The type II colagen expression in the repair area of experimental 1 and experimental 2 groups was weak. The type II colagen expression in the repair area of experimental 3 and experimental 4 groups was strongly positive. These results demonstrate that these two kinds of silk fibroins can both repair osteochondral defects, in which mulberry silk proteins tend to form bone tissue, and tussah silk proteins tend to form cartilage tissue.

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells combined with peptide hydrogel and chondrogenic factors for repair of articular cartilage defects in rabbits / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Peptide hydrogel has good plasticity, and it can fil the injured site very wel; therefore, to use this material as a scaffold is a feasible exploration in bone and cartilage tissue engineering. OBJECTIVE:To test the effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels combined with injectable peptide hydrogel and chondrogenic factors for repair of articular cartilage defects in rabbits. METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels from rabbits were isolated and cultured. A ful-thickness bone-cartilage defect model, 5 mm in diameter and 3 mm in depth, was made on the left knee joint of rabbits, and the right knee joint of rabbits with no treatment was used as control after modeling. There were three experimental groups: self-assembling peptide hydrogel group, peptide hydrogel+chondrogenic factors group, and peptide hydrogel+chondrogenic factors+bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels group. Transforming growth factor β1, dexamethasone and insulin-like growth factor 1 were mixed as chondrogenic factors and added into self-assembling peptide hydrogel or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels. Twelve weeks after treatment, animals were sacrificed for gross and histological observation, X-ray radiography, and histological evaluation using immunohistochemistry method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:At 12 weeks after treatment, the self-assembling peptide hydrogel group showed excelent results in the cartilage repair, and better achievements in safranin-O staining, colagen II immunostaining, and histological scores than the other groups (P < 0.05); the peptide hydrogel+chondrogenic factors group had better repair effects similar to the self-assembling peptide hydrogel group, but the expression of proteoglycans was higher than that in the control group (P < 0.01); there were poorer repair effects and more osteophytes in the peptide hydrogel+chondrogenic factors+bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels group than the the peptide hydrogel+ chondrogenic factors group. Experimental findings indicate that the self-assembling peptide hydrogel can repair cartilage defectsin situ and improve cartilage repair, which is expected to improve current repairing effects on cartilage defects.

Experimental study of calvarial critical size defect in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To explore the calvarial critical size defect (CSD)in rats with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:T2DM model of SD rats(weighted 300-320 g)was induced by high fat and high sugar diet and low dose intraperitoneal streptozotocin (STZ)injection.The rats with T2DMand the normal controls were divided into 4 groups(n=3)respectively.Defects with the diame-ter(mm)of 2,3,4 and 5 were made on the central calvaria of each rat.General observation,X-ray examination and histological study were performed 8 weeks postoperatively.Results:In the T2DM group,only the defects of 2 mm diameter were healed completely,X-ray resistance and new bone formation were observed;the defects of 3,4 and 5 mm diameter were unhealed,X-ray transmission was observed and newly formed bone was insufficient.In the control group,the defects of 2,3 and 4 mm diameter were healed completely, X-ray resistance and new bone formation were observed;the defects of 5 mm diameter were unhealed,X-ray transmission was ob-served,newly formed bone was insufficient.Conclusion:The calvarial CSD of T2DM rat model can be defined as the defect with the diameter of 3 mm.

Maxillary sinus floor augmentation using the transalveolar technique with simultaneous placement of dental implants: a 5-year clinical retrospective study / 中华口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of placing dental implants in the posterior maxilla using the transalveolar technique.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Between January 2005 and December 2009, a total of 94 cases, 55 males and 39 females, aged (46.9 ± 11.8) years, were consecutively enrolled in this study with maxillary sinus floor augmentation using the transalveolar technique. Radiographic evaluations were conducted on panoramic and periapical radiographs at each recall. The follow-up clinical examination included cumulative survival rate(CSR) of implants, peri-implant marginal bone loss (MBL) and the height of sinus floor augmentation and the endo-sinus bone gain (ESBG).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sinus membrane perforation was found in 4 cases.Finally 126 implants (90 cases) were placed. The perforation rate of this surgical procedure was 3.08% (4/130).Four implants lost during the healing time, the early success of implants was 96.80% (121/125). During a mean follow-up time of (34.4 ± 20.4) months, all the implants were successfully in function, with the cumulative survival rate after function loading of 100.00%. The mean MBL was (0.75 ± 0.51) mm during the healing time, and (0.48 ± 0.41) mm during the follow-up period. The mean residual bone height (RBH) was (7.27 ± 1.30) mm at the position of implants placement, the length of implant protruding into the sinus was (2.77 ± 1.15) mm, and the height of sinus floor augmentation was (4.52 ± 1.39) mm. At the loading time, the mean endo-sinus bone gain was (3.81 ± 1.60) mm. After the follow-up time of 34 months, the newly formed bone on the maxillary sinus floor underwent further remodeling with a median bone reduction value of 0.37 (0.10, 0.88) mm.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Maxillary sinus floor augmentation using the transalveolar technique is a predictable treatment modality. The augmentation of the maxillary sinus floor using the transalveolar technique could lead to bone formation under the sinus. The newly formed bone showed slight absorbtion in the long term follow-up.</p>

Clinical outcome of implant-supported all-ceramic fixed partial prostheses for posterior tooth restoration / 实用口腔医学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the outcome of implant-supported all-ceramic fixed partial prostheses (FPPs)in posterior area. Methods:The clinical data of 1 20 implants-supported 53 fixed dentures in 47 patients were collected from July 201 1 to June 201 2 and prospectively studied.Complication and failure of implants and /or prosthesis,biological and technical complications were evaluated. Results:43 restorations with 1 00 implants in 37 cases were followed up for 1 2 -24 months.Veneering ceramic chipping was observed in 9(20.9%)prostheses.Inflamed marginal gingivitis was found around 3(7.0%)prostheses.No implant was involved in technical complication.Cumulative survival rate was 1 00% for implant-based analysis and 1 00% for prostheses-based analysis.Conclusion:Implant-supported all-ceramic fixed partial dentures may be a feasible treatment modality for posterior dental restoration.

Effects of Pingchuan-Guben Decoction on airway chronic inflammation and remodeling in asthmatic mice / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the potential suppression role of Pingchuan-Guben Decoction in airway chronic inflammation and remodeling by observing the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and NF-κB on the mice asthma model Methods Forty Kunming mice were randomly divided into three groups.Those were negative control group(A),asthma model group(B),Pingchuan-Guben Decoction group (C),and every group was 8 mice.Total and differential cells were counted from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF).Histological examination(HE) was performed to observe the general pathologic alteration and analyze the thickness of airway wall.The protein expression of VEGF and NF-κB were detected by immunohistochemistry.Results (1)HE staining showed that compared with the Pingchuan-Guben Decoction group,there were a large number of inflammatory cells infiltration,heavier smooth muscle hypertrophy and mucous membrane hyperemia in mice of the asthma group,(2) The Eosinophil cell counting in BALF,airway wall thickness NF-κB,VEGF expression levels in rats asthma model group were (2.15 ± 0.44) × 108/L,(16.66 ± 1.52) μm2/μm,(36.01 ± 4.78),(35.87 ± 4.92) respectively,significantly higher than that in control group ((0.03 ±0.03) × 108/L,(6.61 ± 1.14) μm2/μm,(12.78 ± 1.47),(11.57 ± 1.64) ;P ＜ 0.01).The Eosinophil cell counting in BALF,airway wall thickness NF-κB,VEGF expression levels in Pingchuan-Guben Decoction group were (0.35 ± 0.12) × 108/L,(11.57 ± 1.26) μm2/μm,(29.13 ± 1.92),(28.28 ± 2.02) respectively,significantly higher than that in rats asthma model group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion PingchuanGuben Decoction can decrease NF-κB and VEGF expression of asthma mice,and then inhibits airway chronic inflammation and remodeling.

Suppression of mrp1 expression and restoration of sensitivity to chemotherapy in multidrug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HepG2/mrp1 by RNA interference in vitro / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To investigate the suppression of mrp1 and MRP1 induced by small interfering RNA and the restoration of sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs in the multidrug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HepG2/mrp1. Methods mrp1-targeted small interfering RNA duplexes were designed and composed and introduced into multidrug-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HepG2/mrp1. The suppression of mrp1 mRNA and its gene product MRP1 was examined by RT-PCR and flow cytometry (FCM), respectively. MTT assay was performed to measure the reverse effect of small interfering RNA based on the results of ICs0. Results The overexpression of mrp1 mRNA and MRP1 was effectively suppressed by small interfering RNAs. The level of mrp1 mRNA in the transfected HepG2/mrp1 cells was reduced to (86.36±2.76)% and MRP1 to (89.38±3.76)%compared with those of the controls. The resistance to ADR was reversed five-fold, which indicated the restoration of sensitivity to drugs. Conclusion Small interfering RNA can inhibit mrp1 expression effectively and reverse the multidrug resistance mediated by MRP1.

Curriculum design and education practices of oral implantology in medical universities / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Education history and characteristics of oral implantology especially in China were reviewed and commented.Curriculum establishment in China medical universities was proved to be necessary and feasible by analysis of current domestic education condition of graduate and postgraduate.education in oral implantology.In recent three years.practices in implantology education was carried out in School of Stomatology,Fourth Military Medical University.Implantology curriculum was established,with teaching experiences and methods summarized for reference of lmplantology education in other universities.

Progress in repair of sciatic nerve injury by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells / 生物医学工程学杂志

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) possess the potential of self-duplication, multi-directional differentiation, and also the ability to differentiate (in the direction of ectoderm) into neuron and neuroglial cells in vitro as well as to promote the reparation of sciatic nerve injury in vivo, especially for the reparation of the long-segment nerve. Progress in repair of sciatic nerve injury by BMSCs has been reviewed in this article.