RESUMEN
The 2023 monkeypox (mpox) epidemic was caused by a subclade IIb descendant of a monkeypox virus (MPXV) lineage traced back to Nigeria in 1971. Person-to-person transmission appears higher than for clade I or subclade IIa MPXV, possibly caused by genomic changes in subclade IIb MPXV. Key genomic changes could occur in the genome's low-complexity regions (LCRs), which are challenging to sequence and are often dismissed as uninformative. Here, using a combination of highly sensitive techniques, we determine a high-quality MPXV genome sequence of a representative of the current epidemic with LCRs resolved at unprecedented accuracy. This reveals significant variation in short tandem repeats within LCRs. We demonstrate that LCR entropy in the MPXV genome is significantly higher than that of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and that LCRs are not randomly distributed. In silico analyses indicate that expression, translation, stability, or function of MPXV orthologous poxvirus genes (OPGs), including OPG153, OPG204, and OPG208, could be affected in a manner consistent with the established "genomic accordion" evolutionary strategies of orthopoxviruses. We posit that genomic studies focusing on phenotypic MPXV differences should consider LCR variability.
Asunto(s)
Mpox , Orthopoxvirus , Poxviridae , Humanos , Monkeypox virus/genética , Genómica , Mpox/genéticaRESUMEN
Objetivo: Estudiar la prevalencia del tabaquismo en los estudiantes de 6º curso de Medicina de la Univer-sidad de Santiago de Compostela (USC). Material y método: Se utiliza una encuesta anual de la Consellería de Sanidade, conocida como SICRI para conocer tanto la prevalencia de tabaquismo como la exposición pasiva al humo de tabaco en MIR-0. Resultados: Se obtiene una prevalencia de tabaquismo del 19,31%, correspondiendo al 20% en las mujeres y un 17,85% en los hombres. Entre las mujeres lo más frecuente es el consumo ocasional o esporádico (58,34% de las fumadoras) y entre el sexo masculino predomina el consumo diario (60% de los hombres fumadores). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de consumo de tabaco continúa siendo elevada a pesar de los conocimientos adquiridos en la facultad sobre las consecuencias nega-tivas del tabaco sobre la salud, que parecen no influir negativamente sobre los futuros médicos
Objective: To study the prevalence of smoking among students of the sixth year of Medicine at the University of Santiago de Compostela (USC). Matherial and method: An annual survey of the Con-sellería de Sanidade, known as SICRI, is used to know both the prevalence of smoking and passive exposure to tobacco smoke in MIR-0. Results: A smoking prevalence of 19.31% is ob-tained, 20% corresponding to women and 17.85% to men. Amongst the female smokers, sporadic con-sumptions the most frequent trend (58.34%) and male consumers are more prone for daily consumption (60%). Conclusions: Smoking prevalence continues to be high despite the knowledge acquired at university about the negative health consequences of tobacco, which appear to not have a negative influence among the future doctors
