Estimating the salivary levels of IL-35 in smokers with periodontitis: A cross sectional study.

Background: A refined network and integrated host immune response to bacteria are formed by anti-inflammatory cytokines and the cells that they are associated to IL-35 has been recognized as having strong suppressive activity in chronic inflammatory diseases, together with IL-10 and TGF-ß. It is believed that inflammatory diseases like periodontitis trigger the inducible Treg population to express IL-35, expanding regulatory responses by increasing infection. Aim: The objective is to estimate and compare the salivary IL-35 levels in Periodontally healthy subjects, smokers and non-smokers with Periodontitis in order to educate on the consequences of periodontal health among the diseased patients. Materials and Methods: Totally 42 subjects were included and they were categorized into Group 1 (n = 14) as Periodontally healthy subjects, Group 2 (n = 14) as systemically healthy non-Smokers with periodontitis and Group 3 (n = 14) as systemically healthy smokers with periodontitis. Each subject was assessed for clinical parameters such as Plaque index, Gingival index, Probing depth, clinical attachment. A polypropylene tube was used to collect unstimulated saliva and centrifuged it at 800 × g for 10 min. Supernatants were collected and stored at -80◦C. A commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to analyse levels of human salivary IL-35. Results: The average age of the subjects in Group 1, Group 2 and Group 3 were 50.53, 52.93 and 52.07 years respectively. All three groups showed a statistically significant difference in clinical parameters including Plaque index, Gingival index, Probing depth and clinical attachment. The salivary IL-35 level was found to be elevated in non-smokers who have periodontitis compared to smokers with periodontitis and healthy individuals. Despite this, the salivary IL-35 levels were found to be statistically significant among three groups at P < 0.001. Conclusion: The salivary levels of IL-35 were found to increase in Periodontitis patients with/without smoking, along with increased clinical parameters. IL-35 is considered a influential biomarker for periodontal disease.

Quintessential commence of three-dimensional printing in periodontal regeneration-A review.

The prime focus of regenerative periodontal therapy is to reconstruct or regenerate the lost periodontium, including both hard and soft tissues. Over the years, periodontics has witnessed different regenerative modalities, such as bone grafts, guided tissue membranes, growth factors, stem cell technology, 3D printing, etc. 3D printing is a newly emerging manufacturing technology that finds applications in diverse fields, including aerospace, defense, art and design, medical and dental field. Originally developed for non-biological applications, 3D printing has undergone modifications to print biocompatible materials and living cells to minimize any potential compromise on cell viability. Thus, the utilisation of 3D printing in the regeneration of lost periodontal tissues represents a novel approach that facilitates optimal cell interactions and promotes the successful regeneration of biological tissues.

Outcomes and toxicity of oral Fosfestrol in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer-a real-world experience.

Introduction: Although there are multiple drugs approved for the treatment of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), the cost can be a limiting factor in using them in a resource-limited setting. Therefore, less expensive alternatives are the need of the hour. We have been using Fosfestrol which is a cheap and orally administered oestrogen analogue in metastatic CRPC. We carried out a retrospective study to analyse its efficacy and toxicity. Results: A total of 65 patients received Fosfestrol during 2015-2020. The median age was 65 years (range 50-83 years). Thirty-four patients (53%) had other medical comorbidities. Skeletal-only metastasis was the commonest pattern of metastasis (n = 41, 64%) followed by skeletal with nodal metastasis (n = 15, 23%). The majority of the patients had undergone upfront surgical castration (n = 60, 93%). All the patients had adenocarcinoma and 38 patients (58%) had a high Gleason's score. Forty-one patients (63%) had a prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response (decrease of ≥50% in the PSA concentration from the pre-treatment baseline PSA value) and 54 patients (83%) had a symptomatic response. At the end of a median follow-up of 16 months, the median progression-free survival (PFS) was 8.3 months (CI 4.7-11.8) and the median overall survival (OS) was 27.5 months (CI 25.4-29.5). PSA response and prior treatment with abiraterone acetate were found to have a significant association with survival outcomes. Patients with PSA response had better median PFS and OS; while patients who have received prior abiraterone acetate therapy had worse survival outcomes. Twenty-nine patients (45%) received some form of subsequent treatment after stopping Fosfestrol. The most common oxicity observed was thrombosis (n = 9, 13%) followed by gynecomastia (n = 4, 6%). Conclusion: We conclude that oral Fosfestrol is a cheap and effective agent in the armamentarium against metastatic CRPC and warrants further studies in a clinical trial setting.

Diagnostic challenges in cerebral tuberculoma presenting with seizures in pregnancy.

Tuberculoma is an uncommon presentation of tuberculosis and is found in regions with a high prevalence of tuberculosis. This is rarely diagnosed during pregnancy. The presentation can mimic other etiologies such as eclampsia or cerebral venous sinus thrombosis so the diagnosis can be challenging, particularly when presenting with seizures in pregnancy. Described here is a woman in her first pregnancy who presented with seizures mimicking eclampsia and was suspected to have a brain tumour on neuroimaging. She was diagnosed to have a intracerebral tuberculoma on histopathological examination following surgical decompression after delivery.

Combinatorial Effect of Doxorubicin Entrapped in Alginate-Chitosan Hybrid Polymer and Cerium Oxide Nanocomposites on Skin Cancer Management in Mice.

Conventional chemotherapeutic drugs are used for cancer management, but recently nanoparticles have also been shown to contribute towards controlling cancer cell proliferation. In the present study, we focussed on analyzing the combinatorial effect of Cerium oxide (CeO2) nanoparticles and Doxorubicin (Dox) on melanoma cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. We entrapped CeO2, Dox, and CeO2+Dox in a hybrid polymer matrix of alginate and chitosan (Alg-Cs) and used them in both in vitro and in vivo studies to compare their anticancer effect. Scratch assay using A549 lung cancer cells showed delayed wound healing when exposed to a low and high dose of CeO2 +Dox, compared to individual components. In order to determine a safe dose of the nanoformulations, zebrafish embryos were used. Further, in vivo, testing was done on Swiss albino female mice where the melanoma was induced by applying Benzopyrene followed by UV irradiation. The animals were treated with CeO2, Dox, and CeO2+ Dox that were entrapped in Alg-Cs for further 21 days. From both in vivo and in vitro results, we concluded that CeO2 and Dox in combination had superior therapeutic efficiency in cancer cells and animals than the nude drugs.

Active Site Engineering and Theoretical Aspects of "Superhydrophilic" Nanostructure Array Enabling Efficient Overall Water Electrolysis.

The rational design of noble metal-free electrocatalysts holds great promise for cost-effective green hydrogen generation through water electrolysis. In this context, here, the development of a superhydrophilic bifunctional electrocatalyst that facilitates both oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline conditions is demonstrated. This is achieved through the in situ growth of hierarchical NiMoO4 @CoMoO4 ·xH2 O nanostructure on nickel foam (NF) via a two-step hydrothermal synthesis method. NiMoO4 @CoMoO4 ·xH2 O/NF facilitates OER and HER at the overpotentials of 180 and 220 mV, respectively, at the current density of 10 mA cm-2 . The NiMoO4 @CoMoO4 ·xH2 O/NF ǁ NiMoO4 @CoMoO4 ·xH2 O/NF cell can be operated at a potential of 1.60 V compared to 1.63 V displayed by the system based on the Pt/C@NFǁRuO2 @NF standard electrode pair configuration at 10 mA cm-2 for overall water splitting. The density functional theory calculations for the OER process elucidate that the lowest ΔG of NiMoO4 @CoMoO4 compared to both Ni and NiMoO4 is due to the presence of Co in the OER catalytic site and its synergistic interaction with NiMoO4 . The preparative strategy and mechanistic understanding make the windows open for the large-scale production of the robust and less expensive electrode material for the overall water electrolysis.

Influence of N95 Mask-related Hypoxemia on Headache, Stress, Anxiety, and Quality of Sleep during COVID-19 Patient Care among Frontline Health Care Professionals.

BACKGROUND: Prolonged use of N95 masks by healthcare workers might affect physical health due to mask-related hypoxia in addition to the psychological effects of N95 masks. We tried to explore the association of N95 mask-related hypoxia and headache with stress, quality of sleep, and anxiety in the current study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample (N = 78) consisted of 41 doctors and 37 nurses involved in COVID-19 patient care and using N95 masks with or without PPE for at least 4 hours. Perceived stress scale (PSS), Coronavirus anxiety scale (CAS), and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) were administered, and physical parameters like heart rate and oxygen saturation (SpO2) were measured. RESULTS: Around 42% of the study participants experienced headaches after wearing an N95 mask and had a higher increase in heart rate (mean percent:10.5% vs 6.3%) and decline in SpO2 (mean percent: 2.6% vs 1.5%) compared to those who didn't develop a headache after N95 mask use. Independent samples t-test showed a mean difference for PSS and CAS between those who experienced headaches and those who didn't. The mean PSQI scores among the study participants were 8.91 ± 5.78; the score among those participants with and without headache was 10.57 ± 3.11 and 7.68 ± 2.53, respectively. CONCLUSION: Perceived corona anxiety, poor sleep quality, and corona anxiety are associated with N95-related headaches and SpO2 drop among health professionals who wear N95 masks for at least 4 hours.

Elemental analysis of various demineralized tooth graft by EDX-720 XRF: An in vitro study.

Background: The periodontal regeneration is the most challenging process which involves regeneration of both hard and soft tissues. There are various biomaterials available for this purpose. Tooth graft can be used as a regenerative material in the field of periodontics and implantology. The tooth graft with 70% demineralization is considered to be a better option for periodontal regeneration. Different methods are employed for demineralization of tooth using various acids. Materials and Methods: This study was designed as an in vitro study. Totally 60 teeth were collected and categorized into four groups. Groups I, II, and III teeth were demineralized in 2% nitric acid, 0.6 M hydrochloric acid, and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), respectively. The Group IV teeth were left undemineralized. The elements present in the various tooth graft groups after demineralization were analyzed by EDX-720 XRF Instrument. Results: The EDTA demineralized tooth graft has higher level of Calcium, Strontium, and Zinc content compared to other tooth graft groups and it was statistically significant with P = 0.001. Conclusion: The EDTA demineralized tooth graft can serve as better graft than 2% nitric acid and 0.6M hydrochloric acid demineralized and undemineralized tooth grafts.

Fresh transfer of an average quality slow growing day-3 embryo versus frozen transfer in a poor responder: a clinical management dilemma.

A common conundrum faced by clinicians is whether to go for fresh transfer or culture the embryos for future frozen transfer in a case of slow-growing embryo. This case report describes a successful pregnancy with the fresh transfer of a single day 3- 6-cell grade B embryo in a patient with poor ovarian reserve. Although more research is needed in this context, the fresh transfer can be considered as a treatment option in patients with optimal endometrium and well-controlled progesterone levels with slow-growing embryos.

A CYTOLOGICAL AND HISTOPATHOLOGICAL CORRELATIVE STUDY ON NEOPLASTIC LESIONS WITH MILAN SYSTEM FOR REPORTING SALIVARY GLAND CYTOPATHOLOGY.

BACKGROUND: Salivary gland tumors are rare. Nevertheless, the accurate preoperative diagnosis of the malignant potential of the lesion is essential for appropriate patient management. The recently published Milan system for reporting salivary gland cytology (MSRSGC) is an effort to provide better communication regarding the nature of lesions to clinicians. Aim: To evaluate the diagnostic utility of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of neoplastic salivary gland lesions and the MSRSGC applicability in risk stratification. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of the cytological and histopathological correlation between neoplastic lesions of salivary gland lesions conducted over four years (August 2010 - September 2014) in two tertiary care hospitals. There were 66 cases of FNAC of salivary gland neoplasms. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and overall diagnostic accuracy of FNAC were analyzed. The risk of malignancy for MSRSGC was calculated. RESULTS: The overall diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 93.94; 95.5; 99.8; 96.8, and 98.7%, respectively. By correlating the cytological diagnosis of benign neoplasm with histopathological diagnosis, the risk of malignancy was 0% and risk of neoplasm was 100%. For cases in the category suspicious of malignancy, risk of neoplasm was 100% and risk of malignancy was 85%. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that this salivary gland cytology reporting system was useful in classifying the lesions in well-delineated categories with ease. MSRSGC system of standardized reporting is helpful for guiding clinicians in appropriate management of the patient. However, many multicenter studies with large sample sizes and long-term follow-up are needed along with wide propagation of its standardized reporting format to be adopted universally.

Relationship between burnout, effort-reward imbalance, and insomnia among Informational Technology professionals.

BACKGROUND: Work in informational technology (IT) professionals is highly competitive and stressful, leading to job stress. This can lead to burnout, effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and poor sleep quality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study examined associations of ERI, burnout, and poor sleep quality among IT professionals using data from 200 software engineers (mean age of 29.3 ± 4 years, 32% women). ERI and overcommitment were assessed using Siegrist's "effort-reward" questionnaire. The Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI) was used to assess burnout and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) to assess sleep quality. RESULTS: ERI, burnout and poor sleep quality were present in 72%, 60%, and 70%, respectively. Females had higher ERI, burnout, and poor sleep quality compared to males. ERI is significantly associated with burnout (r = 0.45, P < 0.01) and poor sleep quality (r = 0.31, P < 0.01). Linear regression to assess the ability of ERI to predict levels of burnout yielded a statistically significant (R 2 = 0.206, P < 0.01) indicating ERI to be a unique incremental predictor of burnout (b = 0.454, t = 7.16, P < 0.01). ERI tends to be a predictive factor of poor sleep quality with Odd's ratio = 3.5, 95%CI (1.81-6.73), P < 0.01. CONCLUSION: In summary, Intervention programs both at the individual and at the organization level have to be designed to combat ERI, burnout, and poor sleep quality among IT professionals.

Endophytic Beauveria bassiana can protect the rice plant from sheath blight of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani and enhance plant growth parameters.

Beauveria bassiana, a potential entomopathogenic biocontrol agent, has recently drawn attention worldwide for its other additional beneficial roles such as plant disease antagonist, beneficial rhizosphere colonizer, plant growth promoter and an endophyte. In the present study, endophytic colonizing behaviour of five (5) B. bassiana isolates viz., Bb4, Bb16, Bb25, Bb44 and Bb53 were studied in rice following three (3) artificial inoculation techniques viz., seed treatment, root inoculation and foliar spray and the endophytic colonizing ability were determined by culture-based assay. After B. bassiana inoculation, rice plants were challenged with Rhizoctonia solani and disease incidence and plant growth promotion were assessed. Per cent colonization of rice stems, leaves and roots were influenced by inoculation technique, post-inoculation time (7th, 14th, 21st and 28th dpi) and plant growth medium (sterile soil, non-sterile soil), recorded maximum on 14th-day post-inoculation (dpi) i.e., 96% in stems, 92% in leaves and 28% in roots, whereas, lower colonization was recorded on 7th, 21st and 28th dpi. Whereas, the foliar spray was found best as compared to seed and root inoculation techniques, and maximum fungal recovery was observed in stems and leaves and least in roots. Upon colonization, the physical presence of B. bassiana in rice was localized by light microscopy-based studies. Potential B. bassiana strains with endophytic ability were re-isolated and their identity was determined based on morphometric and PCR-based techniques. Further, the present study also identified several virulent genes viz., BbChit1, Cdep1, Bbhog1 and Bbjen1 and extracellular hydrolytic enzymes viz., α-amylase, cellulase, lipase, pectinase and xylanase secreted by endophytic B. bassiana strains as determinants responsible for establishing the endophytic association in rice. On the other hand, a significant reduction in disease incidence was observed in the endophytic B. bassiana Bb4-, Bb16- and Bb44-inoculated plants as compared to the non-endophytic B. bassiana Bb25- and Bb53-inoculated plants along with enhanced plant growth promotion. This is one of the few studies investigating the colonization of B. bassiana in rice and its promising role as a plant disease antagonist and plant growth promoter in rice.

Pneumopericardium, pneumomediastinum and surgical emphysema in spontaneous pneumothorax.

Spontaneous pneumothorax leading to pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium and surgical emphysema is a benign condition. Progression to the development of epidural pneumatosis is rare. We report a 19-year-old man who presented with dyspnoea and swelling of the chest wall following a bout of cough. Bilateral subcutaneous emphysema was palpated on the anterior chest wall from the sternum to the midaxillary regions. His chest X-ray revealed subcutaneous emphysema and pneumopericardium. His computed tomography of the thorax to rule out life-threatening conditions revealed bilateral subcutaneous emphysema, pneumomediastinum, pneumo-pericardium and pneumothorax. He was transferred to the intensive care unit. An intercostal drainage tube was inserted in the left pleural cavity. The patient was followed up with repeat chest X-rays. The patient's symptom got relieved and was discharged after day 9. Diagnosis of pneumomedia-stinum may not be as lamentable as it is seen. Close cardio-pulmonary monitoring is mandatory for complications and accompanying conditions. Most patients with uncomplicated spontaneous pneumomediastinum respond well to oxygen and conservative management. In this case, the patient's symptoms and severe tachypnoea prompted the insertion of an intercostal drainage tube.

Experimental spectra, electronic properties (liquid and gaseous phases) and activity against SARS-CoV-2 main protease of Fluphenazine dihydrochloride: DFT and MD simulations.

The Gaussian 09 DFT tool is used to investigate the formational electronic behaviour, reactivity analysis and biological properties of fluphenazine dihydrochloride (FDD). The quantum computation is used to determine the spectroscopic and vibrational assignments of FDD. The NBO method explains charge transfer and molecular interactions. Energy gap values are determined using FMO analysis in different solvents and toluene is a better solvent due to higher value of solvation energy. The UV-visible spectra are investigated in various solvents using the TD-DFT method. Electrostatic potential, the wave function related properties such as LOL, NCI and RDG are determined in gaseous phase. Furthermore, the drug likeness is analyzed. At last, a docking study with MD simulation is used to investigate FDD's antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 main protease.

Outcomes of teleconsultation services and patient satisfaction among pregnant women delivering at a tertiary care center in South India during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has disrupted the antenatal care in low- and middle-income countries such as India. Telemedicine was introduced for the first time in India for continuing antenatal care. Hence, a questionnaire-based descriptive cross-sectional study is done to assess the outcomes of teleconsultation services, factors influencing it, and patient's perceived satisfaction. Three hundred and fifty-five women who delivered the following teleconsultation from July 2020 to October 2020 were included in the study. Thirty-two percent were high-risk pregnancies and 15% of the babies required neonatal intensive care unit admission. Ninety-eight percent could convey their health concerns, 18% had a referral to other departments, and 25% had visited casualty. Sixty-three percent procured medicine through e-prescription. Seventy-six percent were happy with teleconsultation overcrowded clinic, 82% were happy about saving travel expenditure, whereas overall satisfaction was 50%. Fourteen percent did not have access to smartphone and 9% did not receive the call at scheduled time. Telemedicine has a vital role in managing pregnancy concerns during this pandemic.

Applications of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles in Theranostics.

Nanotechnology sculptures the current scenario of science and technology. The word nano refers 'small' which ranges from 10 to 100 nm in size. Silver and gold nanoparticles can be synthesized at nanoscale and have unique biological properties like antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor activity. In this mini review, we shall discuss the various applications of silver and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the field of therapy, imaging, biomedical devices and in cancer diagnosis. The usage of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) in dentistry and dental implants, therapeutic abilities like wound dressings, silver impregnated catheters, ventricular drainage catheters, combating orthopedic infections, and osteointegration will be elaborated. Gold nanoparticles in recent years have garnered large importance in bio medical applications. They are being used in diagnosis and have recently seen a surge in therapeutics. In this mini review, we shall see about the various applications of AuNP and AgNP, and highlight their evolution in theranostics.

Co-Ni Layered Double Hydroxide for the Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Organic Molecules: An Approach to Lowering the Overall Cell Voltage for the Water Splitting Process.

Electrocatalytic oxidation of simple organic molecules offers a promising strategy to combat the sluggish kinetics of the water oxidation reaction (WOR). The low potential requirement, inhibition of the crossover of gases, and formation of value-added products at the anode are benefits of the electrocatalytic oxidation of organic molecules. Herein, we developed cobalt-nickel-based layered double hydroxide (LDH) as a robust material for the electrocatalytic oxidation of alcohols and urea at the anode, replacing the WOR. A facile synthesis protocol to form LDHs with different ratios of Co and Ni is adapted. It demonstrates that the reactants could be efficiently oxidized to concomitant chemical products at the anode. The half-cell study shows an onset potential of 1.30 V for benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction (BAOR), 1.36 V for glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR), 1.33 V for ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), and 1.32 V for urea oxidation reaction (UOR) compared with 1.53 V for WOR. Notably, the hybrid electrolyzer in a full-cell configuration significantly reduces the overall cell voltage at a 20 mA cm-2 current density by ∼15% while coupling with the BAOR, EOR, and GOR and ∼12% with the UOR as the anodic half-cell reaction. Furthermore, the efficiency of hydrogen generation remains unhampered with the types of oxidation reactions (alcohols and urea) occurring at the anode. This work demonstrates the prospects of lowering the overall cell voltage in the case of a water electrolyzer by integrating the hydrogen evolution reaction with suitable organic molecule oxidation.

The impact of 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine introduction on invasive disease in Fiji.

BACKGROUND: In 2012, Fiji introduced the 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10). We assessed the impact of PCV10 on invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), probable bacterial or pneumococcal meningitis (PBPM), meningitis and sepsis 3-5 years post-introduction. METHODS: Laboratory-confirmed IPD and PBPM cases were extracted from national laboratory records. ICD-10-AM coded all-cause meningitis and sepsis cases were extracted from national hospitalisation records. Incidence rate ratios were used to compare outcomes pre/post-PCV10, stratified by age groups: 1-23m, 2-4y, 5-9y, 10-19y, 20-54y, ≥55y. To account for different detection and serotyping methods in the pre-and post-PCV10 period, a Bayesian inference model estimated serotype-specific changes in IPD, using pneumococcal carriage and surveillance data. FINDINGS: There were 423 IPD, 1,029 PBPM, 1,391 all-cause meningitis and 7,611 all-cause sepsis cases. Five years post-PCV10 introduction, IPD declined by 60% (95%CI: 37%, 76%) in children 1-23m months old, and in age groups 2-4y, 5-9y, 10-19y although confidence intervals spanned zero. PBPM declined by 36% (95%CI: 21%, 48%) among children 1-23 months old, and in all other age groups, although some confidence intervals spanned zero. Among children <5y of age, PCV10-type IPD declined by 83% (95%CI; 70%, 90%) and with no evidence of change in non-PCV10-type IPD (9%, 95%CI; -69, 43%). There was no change in all-cause meningitis or sepsis. Post-PCV10, the most common serotypes in vaccine age-eligible and non-age eligible people were serotypes 8 and 23B, and 3 and 7F, respectively. INTERPRETATIONS: Our study demonstrates the effectiveness of PCV10 against IPD in a country in the Asia-Pacific of which there is a paucity of data. FUNDING: This study was support by the Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade of the Australian Government and Fiji Health Sector Support Program (FHSSP). FHSSP is implemented by Abt JTA on behalf of the Australian Government.

Nanochitosan/carboxymethyl cellulose/TiO2 biocomposite for visible-light-induced photocatalytic degradation of crystal violet dye.

Development of novel bionanomaterials for water and wastewater treatment has gained increased attraction and attention in recent times. The present study reports an effective biocomposite-based nano-photocatalyst comprised of nanochitosan (NCS), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), and titanium dioxide (TiO2) synthesized by sol-gel technique. The as-prepared NCS/CMC/TiO2 photocatalyst was systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy with energy dispersive X-beam spectroscopy, Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Photocatalytic degradation of the crystal violet (CV) dye using this nano photocatalyst was studied by varying the irradiation time, catalyst dosage, feed pH, and initial dye concentration. Further, the kinetic analysis of dye degradation was explored using the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, and a plausible photocatalytic mechanism was proposed. The modification of TiO2 using NCS and CMC accelerated photocurrent transport by increasing the number of photogenerated electrons and holes. Overall, the study indicated the excellent photocatalytic performance of 95% CV dye degradation by NCS/CMC/TiO2 than the bare inorganic TiO2 photocatalyst under visible light irradiation.