RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: While the Ohkuma questionnaire is a simple, reliable, and easy-to-use tool to assess dysphagia, none of its versions can be used by the Chinese population. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the internal consistency, reliability and clinical validity of a newly made Chinese version of the Ohkuma questionnaire, and to provide some objective basis for its application in screening dysphagia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From September 21 to June 2022, 96 patients with dysphagia and 89 asymptomatic subjects were recruited from three hospitals in China to form an observation and a control group, respectively. All subjects completed the Ohkuma questionnaire, Eating Assessment Tool-10, and a Video Fluoroscopy Study of Swallowing. RESULTS: The Cronbach's α coefficient measured in the questionnaire was 0.867, indicating acceptable internal reliability. The analysis of variance generated four main factors to be assessed, showing a good aggregation effectiveness of the questionnaire. The AVE square root values of three factors were greater than the maximum absolute value of the correlation coefficients between factors, indicating good differentiation effectiveness. The sensitivity and specificity scores, together with the positive and negative likelihood as well as diagnostic odds ratios indicate a good reactivity of the questionnaire. Lastly, after adjusting for age and sex, the results of the stepwise linear regression analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation between the Ohkuma questionnaire and the penetration aspiration scale. CONCLUSIONS: The Chinese version of the Ohkuma questionnaire has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a rapid and effective screening tool for dysphagia.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND:The study of the lumbar spine and pelvis in patients with Lenke type 5 lordosis is limited to the coronal and sagittal planes,and the three-dimensional relationship between the scoliosis and the pelvis has not yet been clarified. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effect of lumbar scoliosis on the pelvis in patients with Lenke type 5 lordosis and to study the correlation between the lumbar spine and the three-dimensional spatial position of the pelvis. METHODS:Imaging data of 60 patients with Lenke type 5 lordosis scoliosis admitted to the 3D Printing Reception Center of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2019 to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,including Cobb angle,coronal pelvic tilt,lumbar lordosis,left and right pelvic hip width ratio(sacroiliac-anterior superior iliac spine),spinal rotation angle,pelvic tilt,sacral slope,pelvic incidence,coronal deformity angular ratio,sagittal deformity angular ratio,C7 plumb line-center sacral vertical line,apical vertebral translation,and coronal sacral inclination.The information was summarized as a database.SPSS 22.0 software was used to analyze the data related to the lumbar spine and pelvis of the patients with Lenke type 5 primary lumbar curvature adolescent idiopathic scoliosis using Spearman's correlation analysis and linear regression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Cobb angle was highly positively correlated with coronal deformity angular ratio,apical vertebral translation,and spinal rotation angle(r=0.91,r=0.841,r=0.736).(2)Coronal deformity angular ratio was highly positively correlated with apical vertebral translation(r=0.737),moderately positively correlated with C7 plumb line-center sacral vertical line(r=0.514),and moderately negatively correlated with sagittal deformity angular ratio(r=-0.595).(3)There was a high positive correlation between lumbar lordosis and sagittal deformity angular ratio(r=0.942)and a moderate negative correlation with coronal deformity angular ratio(r=-0.554).(4)There was a moderate positive correlation between Cobb angle with coronal pelvic tilt and coronal sacral inclination(r=0.522,r=0.534)and a moderate positive correlation between C7 plumb line-center sacral vertical line and coronal pelvic tilt(r=0.507).Apical vertebral translation with coronal pelvic tilt and coronal sacral inclination showed a moderate positive correlation(r=0.507,r=0.506).Lumbar lordosis with sacral slope and pelvic incidence showed a moderate positive correlation(r=0.512,r=0.538).Sagittal deformity angular ratio was moderately positively correlated with sacral slope and pelvic incidence(r=0.614,r=0.621).(5)Studies have found that the relative position of the lumbar spine and the pelvis is closely related in the horizontal,sagittal and coronal planes.When the lumbar spine affects scoliosis and is rotated,the relative position of the pelvis will also change to compensate,which indicates that while correcting scoliosis,the correction of the pelvis cannot be ignored.
RESUMEN
ObjectiveTo investigate the in-brace and short-term correction of 3D-printed scoliosis orthoses. MethodsFrom July to December 2021, 36 patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis from Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine were selected to complete full-length radiographs of the spine before and immediately after wearing the orthosis. They wore the orthosis more than 20 hours a day, and took radiographs six months later. Cobb angle was calculated. They were assessed with Chinese version of the Scoliosis Research Society's outcomes instrument 22 (SRS-22) before wearing and six months follow-up. ResultsThe mean Cobb angle was (22.10±6.29)° before wearing, and it was (7.85±10.90)° immediately after wearing (t = 4.775, P < 0.01) and (14.33±0.74)° six months follow-up (t = 4.189, P < 0.01). The score of functional status of SRS-22 increased six months follow-up (Z = -2.676, P < 0.01). The Cobb angle immediately after wearing correlated with the Cobb angle six months follow-up (r = 0.826, P < 0.05). Conclusion3D-printed scoliosis orthoses can correct the scoliosis satisfactorily, in-brace and in short-term.
RESUMEN
@#Objective To investigate the occurrence and characteristics of dysphagia and aspiration in the elderly in nursing home in Weifang, Shandong, China.Methods From January to June, 2021, 837 elderly people from 10 nursing homes in Weifang were randomly selected and investigated with general situation questionnaire, Fried Frailty Phenotype, Ohkuma questionnaire and Volume-Viscosity Swallowing Test.Results The prevalence of dysphagia and aspiration was 44.2% and 12.3% respectively. There were significant differences in the prevalence of dysphagia among ages and health condition (χ2 > 8.437, P<0.05). The prevalence of dysphagia and aspiration was higher in men than in women (χ2 > 4.060, P < 0.05). The incidence of oral dysphagia was higher in men than in women, and the incidence of esophageal dysphagia was lower (χ2 > 20.830, P<0.001). Oral dysphagia was predominant in the elderly with stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease (χ2=27.579, P<0.001), and esophageal dysphagia and airway protection dysfunction were predominant in the elderly with chronic respiratory disease (χ2 > 20.241, P<0.01).Conclusion The dysphagia and aspiration are prevalent in the elderly in nursing homes, and varies with different genders and basic diseases.
RESUMEN
Objective To investigate the reference intervals of mean corpuscular volume (MCV) ,mean corpuscular hemoglo‐bin(MCH) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) examined by the MindrayBC‐6800 hematological analyzer to establish the reference intervals suitable for our laboratory .Methods According to the method recommended by the NCCLS C28‐A3 ,600 healthy adult individuals were selected as the reference individuals .MCV ,MCH and MCHC levels were determined by the MindrayBC‐6800 hematological analyzer for constructing the reference intervals ;other 150 healthy persons undergoing the physical examination were selected and their MCH ,MCV and MCHC detection results were collected for verifying the established reference intervals .Results The detection results of MCV ,MCH and MCHC in healthy adults showed a normal distribution ,MCV had sta‐tistical difference among different age periods (P<0 .05);the reference intervals :82 .278 -94 .242 fL for young adults ,83 .032-94 .608 fL for the middle‐aged persons and 83 .137-96 .343 fL for the elderly .MCH had statistical differences between different se‐xes and among different age periods ;the reference intervals :27 .785-32 .415 pg for male young adults ,28 .324-32 .456 pg for male middle‐aged persons and 28 .274-32 .966 pg for male elderly ;27 .367-31 .973 pg for female young adults ,27 .445-32 .215 pg for female middle‐aged persons and 27 .532 -32 .468 pg for female elderly .MCHC had statistical difference between different sexes (P<0 .05) ;the reference intervals :328 .611-352 .810 g/L for male and 323 .771-348 .750 g/L for female .In 150 individuals un‐dergoing the physical examination ,the proportion of individuals locating at the outside of reference interval was less than 10 .0% , therefore the newly established intervals were suitable for this laboratory .Conclusion The sex difference or/and age differences of MCV ,MCH and MCHC exist among adult populations .So the reference intervals are respectively established according to the prac‐tical situation ,which are suitable for this laboratory by verification .
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND:In terms of the histocompatibility, immune rejection and scar formation after repair, acel ular nerve al ograft is closer to autologous nerve cel s. At present, hyaluronic acid has been applied for autologous peripheral nerve repair;however, research on the nerve al ograft is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of hyaluronic acid on the anastomotic scar in acel ular nerve al ograft repair of rat sciatic nerve defect. METHODS:Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=12 per group). The rat model of nerve defect of 10 mm was established by cutting the sciatic nerve of the left hind leg and then given nerve al ograft combined with the injection of hyaluronic acid at anastomosis (experimental group), only nerve al ograft (control group) and autologous nerve graft (nerve autograft group), respectively. Afterwards, the healing of the proximal anastomosis was observed and scar components were assessed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Gross observations showed that the rat skin and muscle fascia had no significant differences in healing among groups, while the surrounding tissue adhesion in the experimental group was milder than that in the control group (P0.05). These findings indicate that in the peripheral nerve repair, hyaluronic acid abrogates the scar formation by increasing the deposition of col agen type III and reducing the deposition of col agen type I.
RESUMEN
Objective To compare the efficacy and adverse effects of rubomycin plus aracytidine(DA) dripping in bone marrow with DA dripping in vein in the treatment of acute nonlyphocytic leukemia (ANLL). Methods 60 cases of previously untreated ANLL patients were randomly divided into two groups, group A(DA dripping in bone marrow) and group B (DA dripping in vein). the efficacy and adverse effects of both groups were compared. Results The complete remission (CR) rate was 70.0% and 33.3% in group A and group B, and the total response rate was 86.7% and 50.0%, respectively. Both were significant higher than those of group B (P0.05). Conlusions The treating outcome was better in group A than that in group B for ANLL, with higher cure remission rate and lower toxic reaction.