RESUMEN
The peel of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim, is considered one of the primary sources for Trichosanthis pericarpium in traditional Chinese medicine, exhibiting lipid-lowering properties. The impact on hyperlipidemia mice of the crude polysaccharide from the peel of T. Kirilowii (TRP) was investigated in this study. The findings revealed that TRP exhibited a significant improvement in hepatic lipid deposition. Moreover, it significantly decreased serum levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C, while concurrently increasing HDL-C. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing technique revealed that TRP group exhibited an increased relative abundance of Actinobacteria, a down-regulated relative abundance of Ruminiclostridium, and an up-regulated relative abundance of Ileibacterium. Therefore, TRP might play a role in anti-hyperlipidemia through regulation of the intestinal milieu and enhancement of microbial equilibrium. Consequently, targeted fractionation of TRP resulted in the isolation of a homogeneous acidic polysaccharide termed TRP-1. The TRP-1 polysaccharide, with an average molecular weight of 1.00 × 104 Da, and was primarily composed of Rha, GlcA, GalA, Glc, Gal and Ara. TRP-1 possessed a backbone consisting of alternating connections between â 6)-α-Galp-(1 â 4)-α-Rhap-(1 â 6)-α-Galp-(2 â 6)-ß-Galp-(1 â 6)-α-Galp-(2 â 6)-ß-Galp-(1 â units and branched chain containing â 6)-α-Glcp-(1â, 2,4)-ß-Glcp-(1, and â 4)-α-GlapA-(1â. Both TRP and TRP-1 exhibited significant disruption of cholesterol micelles, highlighting their potential as lipid-lowering agents that effectively inhibit cholesterol absorption pathways.
Asunto(s)
Colesterol , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Hiperlipidemias , Polisacáridos , Trichosanthes , Animales , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/efectos de los fármacos , Trichosanthes/química , Ratones , Hiperlipidemias/tratamiento farmacológico , Polisacáridos/farmacología , Polisacáridos/química , Polisacáridos/aislamiento & purificación , Colesterol/metabolismo , Colesterol/sangre , Hipolipemiantes/farmacología , Hipolipemiantes/química , Hipolipemiantes/aislamiento & purificación , Masculino , Estructura Molecular , Relación Estructura-Actividad , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a DrogaRESUMEN
The peel of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim is clinically used to treat cardiovascular diseases in China. In this study, the NF-κB inhibitory activity of the peel of T. kirilowii Maxim extracts was determined by Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System, and the results showed 70% ethanol extract could significantly inhibit the activation of NF-κB (p < 0.001). Further, 21 compounds were isolated from 70% ethanol extract. One new compound, namely (2 R)-(2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-3-[(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoyl)-O-]-propanoic acid (1), and 20 known compounds were elucidated by comprehensive spectroscopic analyses. The isolated compounds were tested in the anti-inflammatory assay, and the results indicated compounds 5, 8, 11, 14, 15, 17 and 21 could inhibit the activation of NF-κB (p <0 .05, p < 0.001) at concentration of 1 µM.