RESUMEN
Lymphotoxin ß receptor (LTßR) signaling is crucial for lymphoid tissue organogenesis and immune homeostasis. To identify novel regulatory mechanisms for signaling, we implemented a two-step screen that uses coexpression analysis of human fibroblasts undergoing LTßR stimulation and affinity-purification mass spectrometry for the LTßR signaling protein TNFR-associated factor 3 (TRAF3). We identify Ewing sarcoma (EWS) protein as a novel LTßR signaling component that associates with TRAF3 but not with TNFR-associated factor 2 (TRAF2). The EWS:TRAF3 complex forms under unligated conditions that are disrupted following activation of the LTßR. We conclude that EWS limits expression of proinflammatory molecules, GM-CSF, and ERK-2, promoting immune homeostasis.
Asunto(s)
Receptor beta de Linfotoxina/inmunología , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/inmunología , Complejos Multiproteicos/inmunología , Proteína EWS de Unión a ARN/inmunología , Factor Estimulante de Colonias de Granulocitos y Macrófagos/genética , Factor Estimulante de Colonias de Granulocitos y Macrófagos/inmunología , Células HEK293 , Humanos , Receptor beta de Linfotoxina/genética , Sistema de Señalización de MAP Quinasas/genética , Proteína Quinasa 1 Activada por Mitógenos/genética , Proteína Quinasa 1 Activada por Mitógenos/inmunología , Complejos Multiproteicos/genética , Proteína EWS de Unión a ARN/genética , Factor 2 Asociado a Receptor de TNF/genética , Factor 2 Asociado a Receptor de TNF/inmunología , Factor 3 Asociado a Receptor de TNF/genética , Factor 3 Asociado a Receptor de TNF/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Genome-wide co-expression analysis is often used for annotating novel gene functions from high-dimensional data. Here, we developed an R package with a Shiny visualization app that creates immuno-networks from RNAseq data using a combination of Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), xCell immune cell signatures, and Bayesian Network Learning. Using a large publicly available RNAseq dataset we generated a Gene Module-Immune Cell (GMIC) network that predicted causal relationships between DEAH-box RNA helicase (DHX)15 and genes associated with humoral immunity, suggesting that DHX15 may regulate B cell fate. Deletion of DHX15 in mouse B cells led to impaired lymphocyte development, reduced peripheral B cell numbers, and dysregulated expression of genes linked to antibody-mediated immune responses similar to the genes predicted by the GMIC network. Moreover, antigen immunization of mice demonstrated that optimal primary IgG1 responses required DHX15. Intrinsic expression of DHX15 was necessary for proliferation and survival of activated of B cells. Altogether, these results support the use of co-expression networks to elucidate fundamental biological processes.
