RESUMEN
The objective was to investigate effects of progesterone (P4) dose on abundance of luteinizing hormone receptor (LHCGR), aromatase (CYP19A1), 3ß-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (HSD3B1), and other steroidogenic mRNA transcripts in granulosa cells from dominant follicles. Nellore heifers were assigned to one of six groups: new, first-use controlled internal drug release device (CIDR1) inserted for 5 days (Large-P4-dose-D5; n = 7) or 6 days (Large-P4-dose-D6; n = 8), prostaglandin (PG)F2α administered on D0 and 1 previously-used CIDR (CIDR3) inserted for 5 days (Small- P4-dose-D5; n = 8) or 6 days (Small-P4-dose-D6; n = 8), CIDR1 inserted on D0 and removed plus PGF2α on D5 (Large-P4-dose-proestrus (PE); n = 7), and CIDR3 and PGF2α on D0 and 1, CIDR3 removed plus PGF2α on D5 (Small-P4-dose-PE; n = 7). Duration of P4 treatment (D5 compared to D6) affected abundances of CYP19A1 mRNA transcripts, with there being greater abundances on D6 than D5 (P ≤ 0.05). Heifers treated with the large dose of P4 had a smaller dominant follicle, less serum and intra-follicular estradiol (E2) concentrations (P ≤ 0.05) and lesser LHCGR, CYP19A1, and HSD3B1 transcript abundances (P ≤ 0.05). Heifers treated to induce PE had a larger follicle diameter (P = 0.09), greater intra-follicular E2 concentrations and larger abundances of CYP19A1 mRNA transcript (P ≤ 0.05) than heifers of the D6 group. Overall, treatment with larger doses of P4 resulted in lesser abundances of LHCGR, HSD3B1, and CYP19A1 mRNA transcripts; thus, potentially leading to development of smaller dominant follicles and lesser E2 concentrations.
Asunto(s)
Bovinos , Sincronización del Estro/efectos de los fármacos , Progesterona/farmacología , Receptores de HL/metabolismo , Animales , Aromatasa/genética , Aromatasa/metabolismo , Enzima de Desdoblamiento de la Cadena Lateral del Colesterol/genética , Enzima de Desdoblamiento de la Cadena Lateral del Colesterol/metabolismo , Dinoprost/administración & dosificación , Dinoprost/análogos & derivados , Dinoprost/farmacología , Estradiol/administración & dosificación , Estradiol/análogos & derivados , Estradiol/farmacología , Femenino , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Células de la Granulosa/efectos de los fármacos , Complejos Multienzimáticos/genética , Complejos Multienzimáticos/metabolismo , Fosfoproteínas/genética , Fosfoproteínas/metabolismo , Progesterona/administración & dosificación , Progesterona Reductasa/genética , Progesterona Reductasa/metabolismo , Receptores de HL/genética , Esteroide Isomerasas/genética , Esteroide Isomerasas/metabolismoRESUMEN
The author's vast experience in medicine and law is demonstrated in this article, which analyzes moral issues in professional ethics. The article includes up-to-date references to the Brazilian Code of Deontology (1984) and the Code of Medical Ethics (1988), as well as to the Civil and Criminal Codes. The analysis considers the different trends that have emerged as a result of recent advances and discoveries in science and technology related to family planning; medical experimentation and research; euthanasia; transplants of organs, tissues, and other parts of the human body; abortion; and professional confidentiality.
Asunto(s)
Bioética , Ética Médica , Legislación Médica , Aborto Inducido , Brasil , Confidencialidad/legislación & jurisprudencia , Eutanasia , Servicios de Planificación Familiar/legislación & jurisprudencia , Humanos , Investigación , Trasplante/legislación & jurisprudenciaRESUMEN
This article analyzes moral issues involving professional ethics in Brazil and provides appropriate up-to-date references to Brazil's Code of Deontology (1984), Code of Medical Ethics (1988), and civil and criminal codes. The analysis considers various trends that have emerged as a result of recent medical advances and discusses bioethical issues in the areas of family planning, abortion, medical research on human subjects, euthanasia, transplants, and professional confidentiality.
