Influence of psychiatric symptom profiles of parents on sleep bruxism intensity of their children.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of parental anxiety, depression levels and psychiatric symptom profiles of parents on the occurrence of sleep bruxism in children. MATERIAL & METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out with a sample of 94 children aged 6 to 12 years, divided into two groups: with sleep bruxism (bruxism group-BG) and without sleep bruxism (control group-CG). Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R), Symptom Checklist and Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders-Parent (SCARED-P) scale were used to assess anxiety and depression levels of parents. All questionnaires were filled out by parents of children. Intraoral and extraoral examinations were carried out of children in the clinic and sleep bruxism was determined. All stress conditions were investigated by logistic regression analysis. In the comparison of the qualitative data, chi-square and Fisher exact tests were used. RESULTS: The data revealed that participants whose mothers had high anxiety and interpersonal sensitivity scores, and participants whose fathers had a medium level of obsessive-compulsive disorder were more likely to have an SB problem (p < 0.05). According to the results of BDI, the fathers' results between the BG and the CG were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). However, the mothers' results between the BG and the CG were statistically significant (p < 0.05) When all subscales of SCARED-P were evaluated, the separation anxiety disorder subscore was statistically significant in the bruxism group. CONCLUSION: The psychological status of parents is a significant risk factor associated with SB development in school-age children.

Assessment of burnout level among clinical dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) outbreak has caused especially health workers to face mental and physical problems all over the world. The aim of this study is to evaluate burnout, stress perception and perceived social support levels of clinical (the fourth and fifth year) dental students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The Sociodemographic Information Form (SIF), Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Sense of Coherence-13 (SoC-13), Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10), and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) were used for data. Questionnaires were answered directly or online by the participants. RESULTS: A total of 211 participants, 67.8% were female, 32.2% were male. Of these, 96.2% were aged 20-24 years, 84.4% were nuclear family, 11.8% were extended family, and 3.8% were blended family, and 91.5% were willingly for dentistry choice. Based on the results; the total burnout score indicated moderate burnout (41.99 ± 9.94), the SoC-13 scale indicated a strong sense of coherence (55.24 ± 7.21), the PSS-10 score (22.44 ± 3.44) indicated moderate perceived stress and the MSPSS score (65.92 ± 13.22) indicated high perceived social support. A positive correlation was found between perceived stress and burnout. Based on the personal accomplishment subscale; females, those living in extended family, and those who unwillingly choose dentistry among the clinical dental students had higher intense burnout (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The findings demonstrated that clinical dental students were affected by the emotional stress caused by the COVID-19 pandemic conditions. In the education of dentistry faculties, it would be appropriate to carry out comprehensive studies on adaptation to the changing living conditions with the COVID-19 pandemic and taking the necessary measures for the psychological distress caused by the difficulties experienced.

Evaluation of burnout and stress perception levels of Turkish dental laboratory technicians according to affecting factors during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused healthcare professionals to face unequal acute workplace stress and burnout. This study aimed to analyze the potential impact of COVID-19 on the burnout and associated emotional stress conditions of Turkish dental technicians. METHODS: A 20-question demographic scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), Sense of Coherence-13 (SoC-13), and Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10) were used to obtain data. A total of 152 participants answered these surveys directly and reported their stress burnout levels during the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS: Of all participants who agreed to participate in the survey, 39.5% were females and 60.5% were males. Regardless of demographic variables, the MBI-total (37.2 ± 11.71), SoC-13 total (53.81 ± 10.29), and PSS-10 total (21.25 ± 5.5) scores indicated moderate burnout, SoC, and perceived stress levels. According to sub-scores of the MBI; mean emotional exhaustion and depersonalization indicate low-level burnout, and mean personal accomplishment indicates moderate burnout. Long working hours increase burnout. No significant differences were observed according to demographic variables, except for work experience. A positive correlation was found between perceived stress and burnout. CONCLUSIONS: The findings showed that dental technicians working during the COVID-19 pandemic are influenced by emotional stress due to the outcomes of the pandemic. One reason for this situation might be the long working hours. Working arrangements, under-controlled disease risk factors, and lifestyle changes may improve stress levels.Key MessagesCOVID-19 outbreak exposed psychological returns to the general population, and especially to healthcare workers.Questionnaire method was applied to evaluate the burnout and stress levels among dental laboratory technicians during COVID-19 outbreak.Moderate levels of burnout and stress perception were detected. Long working time was one of the effective factors.

Surface roughness and characteristics of CAD/CAM zirconia and glass ceramics after combined treatment procedures.

BACKGROUND: The roughening of the inner surface of a fixed ceramic restoration is an important factor for the bonding process. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of combined surface treatments (acid etching, air-abrasion and Er: YAG Laser) on surface roughness of CAD/CAM fabricated zirconia (ZrO2) and lithium-disilicate glass ceramics (LDS). METHODS: Sixty ZrO2 (Ceramill Zi) and LDS (IPS e.max CAD) specimens, (5 mm in width, 5 mm in length and 1.5 mm in height) were fabricated using CAD/CAM and sintered according to the manufacturer's instructions. All specimens subjected to three surface treatment combinations; etching with 4% hydrofluoric acide (HF), airborne-particle abrasion with 110-µm alumina (Al2O3) (AP) and Er:YAG laser (Er:YAG) (Group A-HF + AP; Group B-Er:YAG + AP, and Group C-Er:YAG + HF). Perthometer was used to measure the surface roughness of the specimens before and after the tretments. RESULTS: Group A presented the highest Ra (LDS 0.81 ± 0.27 and ZrO2 0.67 ± 0.21 after treatment) and Group C the lowest (LDS 0.45 ± 0.13 and ZrO2 0.26 ± 0.07, after treatment). Compared with before treatment, the Ra were significantly different only in Group A both ZrO2 and LDS after treatment (p < 0.05). Qualitative SEM images suggested the surface topography of the ZrO2 was smoother than the LDS. Less surface changes were observed in the Er:YAG combined procedures than HF + AP. CONCLUSIONS: HF + AP was significantly succesful in modifying the ceramic surface. Er:YAG did not sufficiently promote the surface topography, even if combined with any other treatments. Overall, surface tretments on ZrO2 not easier than LDS.

Health-related quality of life in edentulous patients.

This study aimed to assess Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHQoL) and satisfaction in patients who had complete denture treatment and were diagnosed with systemic diseases. Eighty edentulous patients using new complete dentures were separated into four groups according to their diseases [diabetes mellitus (DM)/osteoporosis (OP)/hypertension (HP)/healthy (control)]. The groups answered the Turkish version of the United Kingdom-Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHQoL-UK) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) questionnaire four weeks after treatment. OHQoL-UK scores were slightly higher for females regardless of the type of disease. Compared with the control participants (57.95±5.33), the scores of the OHQoL-UK were not significantly different in OP and HP groups except for the DM group (58.7±5.37, 58.9±6.44, 45.3±5.19 respectively). DM was significantly associated with the increase of OHQoL values (p<0.05). Patients in all groups reported significantly higher "physical health" scores than other subdomains of OHQoL-UK, although positive correlations were determined among them. Presence of disease had no relationship to the VAS scores. This study shows that systemic diseases might not affect and predict patients' satisfaction with their complete dentures and OHQoL. DM is an independent risk factor for oral health. Satisfaction with the prosthesis might concern a patient's level of OHQoL.

Radiodensitometric study for evaluation of bone mineral density around dental implants after zoledronic acid treatment in ovariectomized rats

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of intravenous zoledronic acid applied systemically on osseointegration of dental implants and the surrounding bone mineral density (BMD) in the ovariectomized rats. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 36 rats were divided into three groups: control (CTRL), ovariectomy (OVX), and ovariectomy-zoledronic acid (OVX/ZOL). The rats in the CTRL group underwent sham surgery, while rats in OVX and OVX / ZOL group underwent ovariectomy. After 12 weeks, rats from OVX / ZOL were injected with 0.04 mg/ kg ZOL intravenously once a week for 6 weeks. The rats from CTRL and OVX groups were injected with 0.9% NaCl. Implants were placed in the left tibia. After 8 weeks, rats were sacrificed and tibia bones were removed for radiodensitometric examination. Digital radiographs of bones' lateral surface were taken. The BMD was measured by using radiographic analysis software. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found between all groups (p < 0.05). While highest mean BMD values were observed in the CTRL group, the lowest were in the OVX group. CONCLUSIONS: The systemic use of ZOL has increased the bone density around the implants inserted osteoporotic rat tibia

Influence of core thickness and artificial aging on the biaxial flexural strength of different all-ceramic materials: An in-vitro study.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the flexural strength of all-ceramics with varying core thicknesses submitted to aging. In-Ceram Alumina (IC), IPS e.max Press (EM) and Katana (K) (n=40), were selected. Each group contained two core groups based on the core thickness as follows: IC/0.5, IC/0.8, EM/0.5, EM/0.8, K/0.5 and K/0.8 mm in thickness (n=20 each). Ten specimens from each group were subjected to aging and all specimens were tested for strength in a testing machine either with or without being subjected aging. The mean strength of the K were higher (873.05 MPa) than that of the IC (548.28 MPa) and EM (374.32 MPa) regardless of core thickness. Strength values increased with increasing core thickness for all IC, EM and K regardless of aging. Results of this study concluded that strength was not significantly affected by aging. Different core thicknesses affected strength of the all-ceramic materials tested (p<0.05).

Effect of varying core thicknesses and artificial aging on the color difference of different all-ceramic materials.

OBJECTIVE: Clinicians should reserve all-ceramics with high translucency for clinical applications in which high-level esthetics are required. Furthermore, it is unclear whether a correlation exists between core thickness and color change. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of different core thicknesses and artificial aging on the color stability of three all-ceramic systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety disc-shaped cores with different thicknesses (0.5 mm, 0.8 mm and 1.0 mm) were prepared from three all-ceramic systems, In-Ceram Alumina (IC), IPS e.max Press (EM) and Katana (K). The colors of the samples were measured with a spectrophotometer and the color parameters (L*, a*, b*, ΔE) were calculated according to the CIE L*a*b* (Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage) color system before and after aging. RESULTS: The effects of aging on color parameters were statistically significant (p < 0.001), regardless of core thickness. For all systems, the CIE a* values increased as the thickness of the core increased. Conversely, such increases in core porcelain thickness were correlated with decreasing CIE L* and b* values. Core thickness had a statistically significant effect on color change among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Different core thicknesses (from 1.0-0.5 mm) and artificial aging affected color stability of the all-ceramic materials tested.

Effect of systemic administered zoledronic acid on osseointegration of a titanium implant in ovariectomized rats.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether zoledronic acid improves post-implant osseointegration in an ovariectomized rat model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 36 female Wistar rats were subdivided into three groups: control (CTRL), ovariectomized (OVX) and ovariectomized + zoledronic acid (OVX/ZOL). Both OVX and OVX/ZOL groups underwent ovariectomy procedures, while the CTRL group received a sham operation. After a 90-day waiting period following surgery, the OVX/ZOL group received a weekly intravenous injection of 0.04 mg/kg zoledronic acid over a period of 6 weeks. The CTRL and OVX groups received intravenous injections of 0.9% NaCl, and the injections were administered with a dosing schedule that was identical to that of the OVX/ZOL group. After completing the 6-week injection regimen, every group received a titanium implant that was 1.6 mm in diameter by 4 mm in length, which was placed in the proximal metaphysis of the left tibia. All of the rats were sacrificed after 60 days and the tibia bones were harvested and processed for histological evaluation. RESULTS: The percentage of bone-implant contact (BIC) varied significantly between groups. Histomorphometric analysis demonstrated that BIC was significantly higher in the OVX/ZOL group than in the OVX group. CONCLUSIONS: Systemic zoledronic acid improved tibial titanium implant osseointegration in an oestrogen-deficient rat model.