Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 20 de 30
Filtrar
1.
Nurs Forum ; 34(2): 23-8, 1999.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10603854

RESUMEN

There is no vaccine to prevent hepatitis C. The disease has infected more than 4 million people in the United States. Up to 10,000 people in the United States will die annually from the disease and that number will triple by the year 2010 (more than AIDS) (National Institutes of Health, 1997). The primary transmission route is through blood. The risk to healthcare workers of becoming infected after exposure from a needle stick is between 1.2% to 10%, whereas for HIV it is 0.3%. Healthcare workers must shift their self-protection focus from HIV to hepatitis C. Annual education on Universal Precautions must emphasize the risk of hepatitis C. Further, all healthcare workers should be baseline-tested immediately following exposure.


Asunto(s)
Personal de Salud , Hepatitis C/prevención & control , Exposición Profesional/efectos adversos , Salud Laboral , Hepatitis C/epidemiología , Hepatitis C/transmisión , Humanos , Exposición Profesional/estadística & datos numéricos , Factores de Riesgo , Estados Unidos/epidemiología
2.
J Shoulder Elbow Surg ; 8(4): 351-4, 1999.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10472009

RESUMEN

The American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons have adopted a standardized form for assessment of the elbow. This form was developed by the Research Committee of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons and subsequently adopted by the membership. The patient self-evaluation section contains visual analog scales for pain and a series of questions relating to function of the extremity. The responses to the questions are scored on a 4-point ordinal scale. The physician assessment section has 4 parts: motion, stability, strength, and physical findings. It is hoped that adoption of this method of data collection will stimulate multicenter studies and improve communication between professionals who assess and treat patients with elbow disorders.


Asunto(s)
Articulación del Codo/fisiología , Registros Médicos/normas , Actividades Cotidianas , Humanos , Artropatías/diagnóstico , Dimensión del Dolor , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Lesiones de Codo
3.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther ; 28(1): 40-50, 1998 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9653689

RESUMEN

Elastic resistance exercises are frequently used for knee rehabilitation following injury and/or surgery. The evidence supporting this mode of rehabilitation is primarily anecdotal, and no biomechanical assessment of elastic resistance exercises has been previously published. The purpose of this project was to quantify muscle activation levels, knee joint angles, and applied force during five rehabilitation exercises utilizing an elastic resistance device. Twelve subjects with no previous knee injury performed double knee dip, hamstring pull, leg press, single knee dip, and side-to-side jump exercises while sagittal plane kinematics, applied force from the elastic resistance device, and electromyographic activity of eight lower extremity muscles were collected. The muscle activation patterns suggest a progressive continuum of rehabilitation exercises that can be applied to nonoperative injuries as well as anterior cruciate ligament reconstructions.


Asunto(s)
Terapia por Ejercicio/métodos , Traumatismos de la Rodilla/rehabilitación , Rodilla/cirugía , Adulto , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/cirugía , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Elasticidad , Electromiografía , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino
4.
J Chemother ; 10(6): 460-8, 1998 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9876054

RESUMEN

In this randomized, multicenter, observer-blind study, the efficacy, safety and tolerability of amoxycillin/clavulanate and cefaclor were compared in children with a clinical diagnosis of acute otitis media. Patients aged between 1 and 12 years received either amoxycillin/clavulanate (250 mg/62 mg t.i.d., or 125 mg/31 mg t.i.d. if aged under 6 years) or cefaclor (250 mg t.i.d., or 125 mg t.i.d. if aged under 6 years) for 7 days. The amoxycillin/clavulanate regimen was based on a dose of 20/5 mg/kg/day (representing 20 mg amoxycillin plus 5 mg clavulanic acid) in three divided doses. Patients were followed-up at the end of therapy and on days 10-12 and 38-40. At the end of the study (days 38-40), clinical success rates were 91.4% for amoxycillin/clavulanate and 78.6% for cefaclor. The difference was statistically significant (p = 0.008). After the 7 days of treatment, 3 patients (2.9%) in the amoxycillin/clavulanate group had clinical failure, compared with 18 patients (16.1%) in the cefaclor group (p < 0.001). Both treatments were well tolerated and there were no statistically significant differences between the groups in adverse event profiles. The incidence of diarrhea was low (7.0% amoxycillin/clavulanate, 8.4% cefaclor) and was generally of mild or moderate intensity. The study demonstrated that amoxycillin/clavulanate was significantly more effective clinically than cefaclor in the treatment of acute otitis media in children.


Asunto(s)
Combinación Amoxicilina-Clavulanato de Potasio/uso terapéutico , Cefaclor/uso terapéutico , Cefalosporinas/uso terapéutico , Quimioterapia Combinada/uso terapéutico , Otitis Media/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad Aguda , Administración Oral , Combinación Amoxicilina-Clavulanato de Potasio/efectos adversos , Niño , Preescolar , Quimioterapia Combinada/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Método Simple Ciego , Resultado del Tratamiento
5.
Med Sci Sports Exerc ; 29(4): 548-53, 1997 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9107639

RESUMEN

Muscle activity patterns of six alpine skiers were compared during nine runs each of wedge (W), short radius parallel (P), and giant slalom (GS) turns. Bipolar surface electrodes were placed over 12 muscles on the right side of the body: anterior tibialis, medial gastrocnemius, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, rectus femoris, medial hamstrings, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, adductors, rectus abdominis, external obliques, and erector spinae. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to test for differences in average and peak EMG amplitudes between W, P, and GS (P < 0.1). Average amplitude was significantly different between all turning styles (W < P < GS) for four muscles (vastus lateralis, medial hamstrings, biceps femoris, and external obliques) and significantly less for W versus P or GS for four muscles (anterior tibialis, vastus medialis, rectus femoris, and rectus abdominis). The gluteus maximus was the only muscle that had significantly greater activity in W than P. Average amplitude was greater than 50% MVC for the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, and adductors in all conditions; and for the anterior tibialis, medial hamstrings, and rectus femoris in GS and P; and for the medial gastrocnemius and erector spinae in GS. Peak amplitude was greater than 150% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) for the vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, and adductors in all conditions, and for the medial gastrocnemius, rectus femoris, and erector spinae in GS. This research indicates that with the exception of the gluteus maximus, greater muscle activity is required in GS followed by P and W turns.


Asunto(s)
Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Esquí/fisiología , Adulto , Electromiografía , Humanos , Telemetría , Grabación en Video
6.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther ; 23(5): 294-301, 1996 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8728527

RESUMEN

Muscle activity, joints, angles, and heart rate during uphill walking were compared for application in knee rehabilitation. The objectives of this study were to quantify muscle activation levels at different treadmill grades and to determine the grade(s) at which knee range of motion would not further compromise the joint. Average and peak electromyographic activity of the quadriceps (vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis) and hamstrings (biceps femoris and medial hamstrings (semimembranosus/semitendinosus)] was recorded during walking at 0, 12, and 24% grade. Six subjects (age = 28.5 +/- 3.7 years, stature = 1.79 +/- .05 m, and mass = 74.7 +/- 7.9 kg) walked at self-selected speeds at each grade while ankle, knee and hip angles, heart rate, and electromyographic activity (surface electrodes) were recorded. Maximum voluntary contractions provided a relative reference for the electromyographic activity during walking. Average and peak electromyographic activity increased significantly across grades for the vastus medialis oblique (125 and 154%), vastus lateralis (109 and 139%), and biceps femoris (53 and 46%), but remained similar for the medial hamstrings. Maximum knee flexion at heel strike increased significantly with grade. Despite decreased self-selected speeds with increasing grade, there were significant increases in heart rate across grades. The results of this study provide a basic understanding of the quadriceps and hamstrings activity levels, lower extremity joint range of motion, and cardiovascular requirements of graded treadmill walking in normal subjects. The results also suggest that a grade just greater than 12% may be most beneficial for knee rehabilitation to minimize patellofemoral discomfort or potential strain on the anterior cruciate ligament. The benefits achieved through this functional activity encourage its implementation in rehabilitation and provide a basis for comparison with injured patients.


Asunto(s)
Electromiografía , Articulación de la Rodilla/fisiología , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Caminata/fisiología , Adulto , Articulación del Tobillo/fisiología , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/fisiología , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Prueba de Esfuerzo/instrumentación , Fémur/fisiología , Pie/fisiología , Marcha/fisiología , Frecuencia Cardíaca , Articulación de la Cadera/fisiología , Humanos , Traumatismos de la Rodilla/fisiopatología , Traumatismos de la Rodilla/rehabilitación , Masculino , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Rótula/fisiología , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Tendones/fisiología
7.
Ann Chir Gynaecol ; 85(2): 173-84, 1996.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8817056

RESUMEN

Rehabilitation of the shoulder has undergone significant changes during the past few years due to many clinical and basic science projects that have taught us about biomechanics of the shoulder. The athlete's shoulder is a particularly good model to allow us an understanding related to rehabilitation for treatment of injuries, injury prevention and performance enhancement. A comprehensive rehabilitation program for athletes can be based on these clinical and basic science principles to aid in our understanding of rehabilitation for shoulders in general.


Asunto(s)
Traumatismos en Atletas/rehabilitación , Lesiones del Hombro , Traumatismos en Atletas/fisiopatología , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Hombro/fisiopatología , Articulación del Hombro/fisiopatología
8.
Am J Hematol ; 48(4): 244-50, 1995 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7717373

RESUMEN

The 20 x 10(9)/L (20,000/microliters) threshold for prophylactic platelet transfusion may be unnecessarily high. The widespread use of this threshold may reflect lack of confidence in the reliability of low platelet counts. We evaluated the performance of automated platelet counts and their relation to clinical bleeding. First, we prepared serial blood dilutions with "target" platelet counts from 2 to 40 x 10(9)/L. For the 48 measurements on 2 x 10(9)/L "target" dilutions, values of 1 or 2 x 10(9)/L were obtained with the Sysmex NE-8000 analyzer (mean 1.44 x 10(9)/L; SD 0.31 x 10(9)/L). Similarly, for 5 x 10(9)/L "target" counts, automated counts were 3-6 x 10(9)/L (mean 4.42 x 10(9)/L; SD 0.18 x 10(9)/L). Similar results were observed with all other "target" levels, with coefficients of variation (CV) from 6.39% to 7.71% with 10-40 x 10(9)/L "target" values. Secondly, we compared triplicate automated and manual platelet counts on thrombocytopenic patients with platelet counts from 4-30 x 10(9)/L. The triplicate automated platelet counts differed by no more than 5 x 10(9)/L among themselves, whereas the manual counts varied by as much as 30 x 10(9)/L. Mean platelet counts: automated, 14.40 x 10(9)/L (CV 10.12%); manual, 16.48 x 10(9)/L (CV 30.39%) (P = 0.038 for counts; P < 0.001 for CV). Finally, we prospectively evaluated bleeding in thrombocytopenic patients (1,809 patient-days of observation). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed highly significant correlations between the automated platelet count and major and minor bleeding manifestations. Thus, automated platelet counts are highly reliable and accurately predict clinical bleeding. The use of automated analyzers should facilitate improved prophylactic platelet transfusion protocols.


Asunto(s)
Hemorragia/prevención & control , Recuento de Plaquetas/métodos , Trombocitopenia/sangre , Automatización , Humanos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas
9.
Med Sci Sports Exerc ; 27(3): 315-22, 1995 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7752856

RESUMEN

The purpose of this study was to document and compare the muscular activity patterns observed in seven competitive racers during slalom (SL) and giant slalom (GS) skiing using quantitative parameters of EMG and qualitative video recordings. Twelve muscles of the leg and trunk were monitored using surface electrodes and telemetry. EMG activity was related to phases of movement determined from the video. SL was partitioned into two phases (initiation and turning) and a third phase (completion) was distinguished for GS. The majority of muscles were active at a moderate to high level for the whole turn, with average amplitudes (AA) between 58% and 112% maximum voluntary contraction. Large peak amplitudes (PA) were attributed to the substantial components of centrifugal and gravitational force that the skier must resist in the latter part of the turn. The similarity in muscle activity between SL and GS was surprising. The only significant differences were increases of 11.8% in AA for the AT in SL and 8.8% in PA for the EO in GS. There was ample evidence of co-contraction, suggesting a quasistatic component to skiing.


Asunto(s)
Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Esquí/fisiología , Músculos Abdominales/fisiología , Adulto , Electromiografía , Femenino , Gravitación , Humanos , Contracción Isométrica/fisiología , Pierna , Masculino , Movimiento , Contracción Muscular/fisiología , Esquí/clasificación , Telemetría , Tendones/fisiología , Factores de Tiempo , Grabación en Video
10.
Am J Sports Med ; 23(2): 233-9, 1995.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7778711

RESUMEN

Elbow and shoulder kinetics for 26 highly skilled, healthy adult pitchers were calculated using high-speed motion analysis. Two critical instants were 1) shortly before the arm reached maximum external rotation, when 67 N-m of shoulder internal rotation torque and 64 N-m of elbow varus torque were generated, and 2) shortly after ball release, when 1090 N of shoulder compressive force was produced. Inability to generate sufficient elbow varus torque may result in medial tension, lateral compression, or posteromedial impingement injury. At the glenohumeral joint, compressive force, joint laxity, and 380 N of anterior force during arm cocking can lead to anterior glenoid labral tear. Rapid internal rotation in combination with these forces can produce a grinding injury factor on the labrum. After ball release, 400 N of posterior force, 1090 N of compressive force, and 97 N-m of horizontal abduction torque are generated at the shoulder; contribution of rotator cuff muscles in generating these loads may result in cuff tensile failure. Horizontal adduction, internal rotation, and superior translation of the abducted humerus may cause subacromial impingement. Tension in the biceps tendon, due to muscle contraction for both elbow flexion torque and shoulder compressive force, may tear the anterosuperior labrum.


Asunto(s)
Béisbol/lesiones , Béisbol/fisiología , Lesiones de Codo , Articulación del Codo/fisiología , Lesiones del Hombro , Articulación del Hombro/fisiología , Aceleración , Acromion/lesiones , Acromion/fisiología , Adulto , Desaceleración , Humanos , Húmero/lesiones , Húmero/fisiología , Inestabilidad de la Articulación/fisiopatología , Masculino , Películas Cinematográficas , Contracción Muscular , Músculo Esquelético/lesiones , Músculo Esquelético/fisiología , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Rotación , Manguito de los Rotadores/fisiología , Lesiones del Manguito de los Rotadores , Estrés Mecánico , Traumatismos de los Tendones/fisiopatología , Tendones/fisiología , Resistencia a la Tracción
11.
Clin Sports Med ; 14(1): 47-57, 1995 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7712557

RESUMEN

Tennis elbow afflicts 40% to 50% of the average, recreational tennis players; most of these players more than 30 years of age. Tennis elbow is thought to be the result of microtrauma, the overuse and inflammation at the origin of the ECRB as a result of repeated large impact forces created when the ball hits the racket in the backhand stroke. Several authors have found that EMG activity in the ECRB, the muscle and tendon complex afflicted in tennis elbow, is high during the acceleration and early follow-through phases of the groundstrokes and during the cocking phase of the serve. Unfortunately, none of the authors gave evidence to support the claim that muscle activity in the ECRB at ball contact is high. In the one-handed backhand, the torques at impact (17-24 nm) will be absorbed by the tendons of the elbow. Giangarra and his colleagues observed that the two-handed backhand "allows the forces at ball impact to be transmitted through the elbow rather than absorbed by the tissues at the elbow." Other authors have reported that players using a two-handed backhand will rarely develop lateral epicondylitis, because the helping arm appears to absorb more energy and changes the mechanics of the swing. As seen by Morris and colleagues, Giangarra and associates, and Leach and colleagues, players who utilize the two-handed backhand have a very low incidence of tennis elbow. These three studies conclude that the two-handed backhand stroke is probably the most effective backhand stroke to prevent lateral tennis elbow. Studies show that wrist extensors are highly involved in all strokes (serve, forehand, and both one- and two-handed backhand strokes). This relatively high involvement (40%-70% MVC) throughout play may result in overload of this muscular group. Thus, tennis elbow may be caused simply by continued use of this muscular system in all strokes, and not just because of the high forces absorbed at impact. Another theory concerning impact states that if the extensor group is already at near maximum contraction, vibrations and twisting movements are transferred directly through the muscle (muscle stiffness at this point would be great) to the tendinous insertion, causing repeated microtrauma. If the muscle is the stiffest element in the system, the force will be transferred to the tendon. It is evident that a need exists for specific study of muscular response during impact. More microanalysis of the impact phase needs to be conducted specifically for the one-handed backhand groundstroke.


Asunto(s)
Codo de Tenista/fisiopatología , Tenis/fisiología , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Humanos , Músculo Esquelético/fisiopatología , Vibración
12.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther ; 18(2): 402-8, 1993 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8364594

RESUMEN

The American Sports Medicine Institute conducts research to increase understanding of mechanisms involved in upper extremity injuries to throwing athletes. This paper presents a qualitative overview of pitching and a detailed quantitative description of arm motion about the shoulder during this highly dynamic activity. Data on kinematics of arm motions about the shoulder are presented for 29 elite throwers. The major motion about the shoulder is external/internal rotation. Scapulothoracic and glenohumeral flexibility permit the arm to reach an externally rotated position of 175 degrees. Approximately 30 msec before release, the arm internally rotates 80 degrees, reaching peak angular velocities near 7,000 degrees/sec. In rehabilitation of injured throwers, there is a need to appreciate the highly dynamic nature of this skill and to attempt to simulate these dynamic motions and loads as part of the final phase of treatment before the athlete returns to competition.


Asunto(s)
Béisbol/fisiología , Movimiento/fisiología , Articulación del Hombro/fisiología , Aceleración , Adulto , Brazo/fisiología , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Humanos , Rotación
13.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther ; 18(2): 433-41, 1993 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8364599

RESUMEN

Rehabilitation of the shoulder of the overhead athlete has undergone significant changes during the past few years. This article illustrates shoulder problems related to repetitive overhead activities, such as throwing. Additionally, we present basic science contributions in this area, principles of shoulder rehabilitation, and a comprehensive rehabilitation program for the symptomatic or asymptomatic athlete based on these principles.


Asunto(s)
Traumatismos en Atletas/rehabilitación , Lesiones del Hombro , Adulto , Traumatismos en Atletas/fisiopatología , Béisbol/lesiones , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Trastornos de Traumas Acumulados/fisiopatología , Trastornos de Traumas Acumulados/rehabilitación , Terapia por Ejercicio , Humanos , Artropatías/fisiopatología , Artropatías/rehabilitación , Articulación del Hombro/fisiopatología
14.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther ; 17(6): 274-8, 1993 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8343786

RESUMEN

By understanding pitching biomechanics, therapists can develop better preventive and rehabilitative programs for pitchers. The purpose of this study was to quantify and explain the joint motions, loads, and muscle activity that occur at the elbow during baseball pitching. Seven healthy, adult pitchers were examined with synchronized high-speed video digitization and surface electromyography. Elbow extension before ball release corresponded with a decrease in biceps activity and an increase in triceps activity. A varus torque of 120 Nm, acting to resist valgus stress, occurred near the time of maximum shoulder external rotation. Previous cadaveric research showed that the ulnar collateral ligament by itself cannot withstand a valgus load of this magnitude. Triceps, wrist flexorpronator, and anconeus activity during peak valgus stress suggests that these muscles may act as dynamic stabilizers to assist the ulnar collateral ligament in preventing valgus extension overload.


Asunto(s)
Béisbol , Articulación del Codo/fisiología , Brazo/fisiología , Béisbol/lesiones , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Electromiografía , Humanos , Cinética , Masculino , Músculos/fisiología , Rotación
15.
J Orthop Sports Phys Ther ; 17(5): 225-39, 1993 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8343780

RESUMEN

Enhanced athletic performance emphasizes the muscle's ability to exert maximal force output in a minimal amount of time. Exaggerated maximal muscular force develops due to athletic movements producing a repeated series of stretch-shortening cycles. The stretch-shortening cycle occurs when elastic loading, through an eccentric muscular contraction, is followed by a burst of concentric muscular contraction. A form of exercise called plyometrics employs a quick, powerful movement involving a prestretch of the muscle, followed by a shortening, concentric muscular contraction, thus utilizing the stretch-shortening muscular cycle. The literature contains numerous references to plyometric training for the lower extremity, but there is a lack of information on the upper extremity plyometric program. Overhead activities, such as throwing, necessitate elastic loading to produce maximal, explosive, concentric muscular contractions. Plyometric exercise employs the concept of the stretch-shortening muscular cycle. The rehabilitation concept of specificity of training suggests plyometric exercise drills should be performed by the throwing athlete. This paper discusses the basic neurophysiological science and theoretical basis for plyometric exercise, and it describes an upper extremity stretch-shortening exercise program for the throwing athlete.


Asunto(s)
Brazo/fisiología , Ejercicio Físico , Músculos/fisiología , Terapia por Ejercicio , Humanos , Aptitud Física , Deportes
16.
Clin Sports Med ; 10(4): 901-11, 1991 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1934104

RESUMEN

Throwing and overhead racquet motion is stressful activity that places great physical demands on the athlete's shoulder. This article focuses on glenoid labral tears as a consequence of this dynamic activity. These labral lesions may be present as an isolated entity or may be in association with glenohumeral instability.


Asunto(s)
Traumatismos en Atletas/etiología , Deportes de Raqueta/lesiones , Lesiones del Hombro , Artroscopía , Traumatismos en Atletas/diagnóstico , Traumatismos en Atletas/rehabilitación , Traumatismos en Atletas/terapia , Béisbol/lesiones , Humanos , Movimiento
17.
J Clin Microbiol ; 20(2): 274-5, 1984 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6490818

RESUMEN

The incidence of Clostridium difficile and its cytotoxic activity were determined in the feces of 122 children under 1 year of age. Samples were obtained from children receiving antibiotics and with (52 cases) or without (26 cases) diarrhea, from children with diarrhea who did not receive antibiotics (22 cases), and from healthy children (22 cases). Isolation of C. difficile in feces from children in all groups was similar (mean 23.4%) except for the group with non-antibiotic-associated diarrhea (4.5%). In both groups of children receiving antibiotics, with or without diarrhea, the cytotoxin was detected in 7.6% of the cases. In the group with non-antibiotic-associated diarrhea, none of the samples was positive for cytotoxicity. In healthy children, cytotoxin was positive in 4.5% of the cases.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Bacterianas , Toxinas Bacterianas/análisis , Clostridium/aislamiento & purificación , Heces/microbiología , Antibacterianos/efectos adversos , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Diarrea/microbiología , Heces/análisis , Humanos , Lactante , México
18.
20.
Bol. méd. Hosp. Infant. Méx ; 39(12): 806-11, 1982.
Artículo en Español | LILACS | ID: lil-12623

RESUMEN

En este trabajo se hace hincapie en la importancia de las infecciones intrahospitalarias y se hacen consideraciones sobre los factores que influyen en las genesis de las septicemias. Se analizan 20 casos de septicemia de adquisicion intrahospitalaria tratando de correlacionar diferentes factores intrinsecos y extrinsecos del huesped con la causa de la septicemia se inicio despues de las 72 horas de estancia hospitalaria. Predominaron los germenes gramnegativos, en especial Klebsiella y Pseudomonas. La causa mas comun de ingresso fue la gastroenteritis y la existencia de desnutricion proteinocalorica avanzada.Predomino en los primeros meses de la vida. Todos estuvieron sometidos a diversas maniobras medicoquirurgicas, entre ellas laparotomias, venodisecciones, dialisis peritoneal y drogas inmunodepresoras. La letalidad en este estudio fue de 75%. Se encontro que la frecuencia de septicemias nosocomiales en el Hospital de Pediatria del Centro Medico Nacional del IMSS varia entre el 12.7% y el 14.0% de las infecciones intrahospitalarias


Asunto(s)
Recién Nacido , Lactante , Preescolar , Niño , Adolescente , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Infección Hospitalaria , Sepsis , Klebsiella , Pseudomonas
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA