Cytochemical Evaluation of the Toxic Effects of Combined Antituberculosis Substances on Metabolic State of Blood Lymphocytes.

Combined antituberculosis substances induced a dose-dependent changes in activity of dehydrogenases and hydrolases in rat lymphocytes. The main toxic effect of the substances was related to inhibition of mitochondrial dehydrogenases (succinate dehydrogenase and α-glycerol phosphate dehydrogenase) usually followed by suppression of activity of hydrolytic enzymes (acid phosphatase and non-specific esterase). Opposite changes in lactate dehydrogenase activity reflected specific features of intoxication.

[Experimental models of lysosomal phase reactivity in blood leukocytes exposed to low doses of potassium cyanide].

Cytochemical analysis of acid phosphatase was used to evaluate lysosomal membranes stability under oral intake of potassium cyanide by rats over one month in daily doses of 1.30 mg/kg (1/10 LD50) and 0.65 mg/kg (1/20 LD50). The authors demonstrated phase-related dose-dependent changes in the lysosomal state, and the main response feature was associated with functional activation that usually followed the membrane alteration.

[Influence of vibration-induced stress on functional-metabolic status of blood leukocytes].

The chronic stress in albino rats caused by exposure to the whole-body vibration induced the significant changes in the functional-metabolic status of the blood cells. It involved the phagocytosis level and the lysosomal cationic proteins in the neutrophils, oxidative and hydrolytic processes in the neutrophils and lymphocytes. All the determined intracellular parameters revealed the differentiated response to stress as well as to the additive combined administration of the antioxidants (glycine and alpha-tocopherol acetate).

[Morpho-functional analysis of blood leukocytes after isoniazid administration].

The functional-metabolic response peculiarities of the rat blood cells to isoniazid (one of the main antituberculosis medications) were studied. Isoniazid or its complex with pyridoxine were administrated orally for 3 months in therapeutic (5 mg/kg) and the toxic (100 mg/kg) doses (based on isoniazid). Isoniazid in toxic dose was found to inhibit the phagocytosis and the myeloperoxidase activity in neutrophils, the hydrolase activity in neutrophils and lymphocytes, but, at the same time, it activated dehydrogenase activity in lymphocytes. Pyridoxine modified the toxic effect of isoniazid on the metabolic processes (prevented the inhibition of phagocytosis and peroxidase activity in neutrophils, stimulated acid phosphatase activity in lymphocytes, decreased in the level of the lysosomal cationic proteins in neutrophils). It is suggested that the response of the blood cells to isoniazid, demonstrated in this work, was caused by the capacity of the medication to functionally activate the adrenal cortex, while the cellular-metabolic effects of pyridoxine could be associated with the modulation of glucocorticosteroid activity.

[Functional-metabolic estimation of responsiveness of blood cells in exposure to local vibration].

The physiological features of the blood cells have been studied in the workers, exposed to a long-term local vibration. The summary peroxidase activity of the blood cells, the levels of the phagocytic response as well as of the alkaline and acid phosphatases in the neutrophiles, the glycogen content in the neutrophiles and lymphocytes have been evaluated. The alterations associated with the decrease in the functional-metabolic parameters in dependence on the contact duration with the vibration-induced tools and on the severity of the clinical symptomatics have been revealed. The different declinations revealed in the character of the cellular responsiveness may display peculiarities in the mechanisms of adaptive regulation.

[Hygienic standardization of fluogermanate in the air of a working area].

The paper presents the data on the impact of the most possible concentrations of fluogermanate (GeF4) in the air of a working area with a pencil-beam irritant acting the respiratory organs and those obtained from chronic experiments. The most possible concentration is 0.2 mg/m3 (Class II hazard).

Hydrolase and oxidoreductase activities in peripheral blood lymphocytes in combined exposure to biological allergens and sulfur dioxide.

Differences in the metabolic status of peripheral blood lymphocytes were observed after exposure of intact guinea pigs and animals sensitized with biological allergens to sulfur dioxide. When sensitization was complicated by chemical exposure, enzyme activities in lymphocytes depended on the type of allergen and degree of hypersensitivity.

[Activity of enzymes in peripheral lymphocytes in simulated allergic disease caused by combined effects of chemical and biologic occupational factors].

Peripheral lymphocytes reaction--lower succinate dehydrogenase activity, nonspecific esterase activity and stimulated lactate dehydrogenase--after combined biologic and chemical influence suggests progressive allergic process, depends on severity of antigen load and is not detected for separate factors influence.

[Influence of low concentration of sulphuric anhydride on metabolic status of peripheral blood lymphocytes in guinea pigs sensibilised with a biological allergen].

The influence of sulphuric anhydride (2-4 mg/m3) on the metabolic status of peripheral blood lymphocytes of sensibilised guinea pigs with different sequence of biological (allergenic) and chemical exposure has been studied. The metabolic state was evaluated by histochemical assay of succinate and lactate dehydrogenases and acid phosphatase. The changes in activities of dehydrogenases were found to indicate a definite relationship with specific responses of combined effects of different factors.