Paciente con enfisema severo: ¿Combinado con fibrosis? / Patient with severe emphysema Combined with fibrosis?

Se presenta un paciente masculino, de 67 años, residente en la provincia de La Rioja, quien concurre al Servicio de Neumonología del Hospital Vera Barros. Ex fumador importante (60 p/y hasta hace 5 años), trabajó en curtiembre y con forrajes. Consultó por disnea de esfuerzo grado III en la escala modificada del Medical Researh Council (mMRC) y tos seca de 3 o 4 años de evolución. Estos síntomas se agudizaban 3 o 4 veces al año y requerían medicación que no podía precisar

Bilateral Bronchiectasis as a Presentation Form of Pulmonary Marginal Zone B-Cell Lymphoma of Bronchus Associated Lymphoid Tissue.

The pulmonary marginal zone B-cell lymphoma of bronchus associated lymphoid tissue of the lung (BALT) is a rare illness that can remain without symptoms. Radiological findings of pulmonary lymphoma are heterogeneous. In literature, bronchiectasis is only described in one patient who also had besides adenomegalies. We reported on a 48-year-old female patient. She showed symptoms consistent with dyspnea with productive cough; there were crepitant sounds in the auscultation. Pulmonary functional test has shown a severe restrictive pattern with a low FVC and DLCO. CT scan showed bronchiectasis in the medium lobule without adenomegalies. Echocardiogram was normal, and the laboratory findings only showed leukocytosis. There were no findings in the bronchoscopy, but the lung biopsy showed a B-cell pulmonary lymphoma (positive to CD20 and CD79a in immunostaining). A wide variety of radiological manifestations has been previously described; however, we have presented this rare case, with bronchiectasis, as unique radiological finding.

Evaluation of particulate matter abatement strategies for almond harvest.

Almond harvest accounts for substantial PM10 (particulate matter [PM] < or =10 microm in nominal aerodynamic diameter) emissions in California each harvest season. This paper evaluates the effects of using reduced-pass sweepers and lower harvester separation fan speeds (930 rpm) on lowering PM emissions from almond harvesting operations. In-canopy measurements of PM concentrations were collected along with PM concentration measurements at the orchard boundary; these were used in conjunction with on-site meteorological data and inverse dispersion modeling to back-calculate emission rates from the measured concentrations. The harvester discharge plume was measured as a function of visible plume opacity during conditioning operations. Reduced-pass sweeping showed the potential for reducing PM emissions, but results were confounded because of differences in orchard maturity and irrigation methods. Fuel consumption and sweeping time per unit area were reduced when comparing a reduced-pass sweeper to a conventional sweeper. Reducing the separation fan speed from 1080 to 930 rpm led to reductions in PM emissions. In general, foreign matter levels within harvested product were nominally affected by separation fan speed in the south (less mature) orchard; however, in samples conditioned using the lower fan speed from the north (more mature) orchard, these levels were unacceptable.

Abdominal panniculectomies: high patient satisfaction despite significant complication rates.

BACKGROUND: We reviewed our experience with 3 operative techniques for abdominal panniculectomies to determine differences in complication rates and levels of patient satisfaction. METHODS: This retrospective study included 92 consecutive patients who underwent abdominal panniculectomies over a 9-year period. Patients underwent one of 3 panniculectomy techniques: fleur-de-lis (n = 25), transverse incisions with minimal undermining (n = 30), or transverse incisions with extensive undermining (n = 37). Postoperatively, patient satisfaction surveys were completed. RESULTS: Median pannus weight was 4.4 kg (range, 1.6-20.5). Sixty-eight patients (73.9%) had a previous gastric bypass. Median body mass index (BMI) was 38 kg/m2 (range, 22-66.9). Median follow-up for complications was 8.1 week (range, 1-235). Forty of 92 patients (43%) suffered wound complications. The reoperation rate was 13%. Postoperative complication rates were higher among hypertensive patients (61% vs. 36%; P = 0.04). There was a trend towards increased complications among those with higher BMI and pannus weights. There was not a significant relationship between operative technique and overall complication rate. Mean length of follow-up for patient questionnaire completion was 2 years, 11 months (range, 1-9 years). Eighty-one percent of those responding to the mailed questionnaire were satisfied with their operative results. There were no statistically significant differences between the technique used and patient satisfaction level. Concomitant hernia repair was performed in 47% of patients without increased wound complications. CONCLUSIONS: Patients were satisfied with the results of their panniculectomy, although complications were common. Higher BMI, larger pannus size, and hypertension were correlated with increased complication rates. The minimal undermining, extensive undermining, and the fleur-de-lis panniculectomy techniques result in similar patient satisfaction rates and complication rates.

Rodeo injuries and prevention.

Rodeo is a fast-moving sport with highly talented and tough athletes. Prevalence of injury is high, especially in rough stock events, which include bareback, saddle bronc, and bull riding. In bull riding, the incidence of injury is reported at 32.2 injuries per 1000 competitor-exposures. While a number of different injuries can occur during bull riding, concussions are often the most alarming. However, they may also be the most amenable to prevention, despite resistance from rodeo cowboys and organization rulemakers to the use of protective headgear and lack of adherence to recovery guidelines. Rodeo athletes want to return to their sport despite injuries and rarely seek medical care; nonetheless, arena-side health care is still utilized and appreciated by rodeo cowboys. This article addresses the need for greater use of preventative equipment, the importance of allowing full recovery from concussions, and the need to make medical care more available to the rodeo athlete.

Insuficiencia respiratoria y traumatismo torácico / Respiratory failure and thoracic trauma

Se presentan dos casos de traumatismo cerrado de tórax en politraumatizados con contusión pulmonar, insuficiencia respiratoria importante y escaso compromiso parietal. Se enfatiza la importancia de la contusión pulmonar como causa de la insuficiencia respiratoria, en detrimento del movimiento paradojal parietal, en los casos de tórax móvil. En los casos de contusión pulmonar en traumatismos torácicos puros o politraumatizados, se señala la importancia, para la decisión terapeútica, la predicción pronóstica y la evaluación de resultados, de los siguientes índices: a) Condición al ingreso; b) Trauma score (TS); c) Injury severity score (ISS); d) Dosis de severidad lesional (LD50); e) Cociente arterio/alveolar de oxígeno (A/ApO2); f) Escala de gravedad; g) Lesiones agregadas. Un tratamiento médico minucioso basado en la correcta analgesia, la eliminación de secreciones y una kinesioterapia y fisioterapia cuidadosas permiten tratar muchos casos de contusión pulmonar, con o sin tórax móvil, sin necesidad de recurrir a la asistencia respiratoria mecánica, como en los dos casos presentados. Cuando ésta se requiere es para reemplazar temporariamente la función del parénquima pulmonar lesionado y no para estabilizar neumáticamente la pared, acortando el tiempo de asistencia respiratoria mecánica y disminuyendo las complicaciones asociadas a la misma

Insuficiencia respiratoria y traumatismo torácico / Respiratory failure and thoracic trauma

Se presentan dos casos de traumatismo cerrado de tórax en politraumatizados con contusión pulmonar, insuficiencia respiratoria importante y escaso compromiso parietal. Se enfatiza la importancia de la contusión pulmonar como causa de la insuficiencia respiratoria, en detrimento del movimiento paradojal parietal, en los casos de tórax móvil. En los casos de contusión pulmonar en traumatismos torácicos puros o politraumatizados, se señala la importancia, para la decisión terapeútica, la predicción pronóstica y la evaluación de resultados, de los siguientes índices: a) Condición al ingreso; b) Trauma score (TS); c) Injury severity score (ISS); d) Dosis de severidad lesional (LD50); e) Cociente arterio/alveolar de oxígeno (A/ApO2); f) Escala de gravedad; g) Lesiones agregadas. Un tratamiento médico minucioso basado en la correcta analgesia, la eliminación de secreciones y una kinesioterapia y fisioterapia cuidadosas permiten tratar muchos casos de contusión pulmonar, con o sin tórax móvil, sin necesidad de recurrir a la asistencia respiratoria mecánica, como en los dos casos presentados. Cuando ésta se requiere es para reemplazar temporariamente la función del parénquima pulmonar lesionado y no para estabilizar neumáticamente la pared, acortando el tiempo de asistencia respiratoria mecánica y disminuyendo las complicaciones asociadas a la misma (AU)