The practice of ergonomics as a design discipline in the basic design of oil platforms.

BACKGROUND: Ergonomics is increasingly gaining ground in projects in the energy sector, as well as in the continuous process industry, although the discipline is still framing its space in this milieu. This issue emerges from the designers' lack of familiarity with ergonomics work, especially in engineering design projects, combined with the usual expectations of organizations regarding the participation of ergonomists and the deliverables they ought to develop throughout the project. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to report the participation of a team of ergonomists in an oil platform basic design, discussing ergonomics structuring as an emerging design discipline. METHODS: This qualitative study used participant observation as a methodology approach aligned with the theoretical framework of Activity Ergonomics (AE). The data collection occurred between October 2018 and June 2020 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. RESULTS: The results show the challenges faced by the ergonomics team and strategies adopted in order to create technical specifications (TS), which will determine the work conditions in the future platforms. An evolution in relation to the practice of Ergonomics during this project can be pointed out, even though part of its scope of action remains to be better understood among the design team. CONCLUSION: Considering oil platform project contexts, this work highlights how ergonomics can help integrate the different rationalities that compose the design process.

Integrating work into the design: The case of offshore maintenance.

BACKGROUND: Ergonomics in design is intended to close the gap between what is designed and the real work. This study discusses the creation of technical ergonomics requirements for the basic design stage of workshops on offshore platforms. OBJECTIVE: This paper intends to show how the ergonomics discipline contributes to integrating knowledge on the real work of the maintenance crew with the design. METHODS: This case study uses procedures, data collection, and analysis guided by the Ergonomics of the Activity's (EA) theoretical framework, focused on design projects. RESULTS: The results show how ergonomics contributed to a better understanding of maintenance work, as well as how this knowledge was integrated into the project design. This occurred both through the construction of a new layout and equipment list, and through the development of technical specifications. These products enable greater operational efficiency, reductions in the costs of alterations in the next stages of the project, and improvement in working conditions. CONCLUSIONS: This work points to the need for new studies on platform maintenance work, in addition to studies that deepen the debate on consolidating ergonomics practice in design projects.

Acidentes industriais ampliados : Desafios e perspectivas para o controle e a prevencao

Grandes accidentes industriales: desafíos y perspectivas para el control y prevención toma en consideración las posibles causas de accidentes industriales considerados desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria. Teniendo como referencia eventos pasados y situaciones críticas actuales, planeamiento de emergencias y criterios para la prevención de desastres; estrategias institucionales de control y prevención. La obra se desarrolló bajo la supervisión de veinte especialistas nacionales e internacionales, que en trece capítulos garantizan al lector un panorama actual sobre el tema tan poco explorado que es de gran importancia para la preservación de la vida

Una abordagem ergonomica da confiabilidade e a nocao de modo degradado de funcionamento

Este capítulo discute la relación que existe entre la confiabilidad y el modo de funcionamiento de los sistemas complejos de producción. Particularmente se discute una noción del modo degradado de funcionamiento como una falla latente que puede estar en el origen de los incidentes y accidentes industriales. La primera parte hace una crítica de la concepción de accidentes de trabajo normalmente utilizadas en aspectos de seguridad laboral para posteriormente discutir el papel del operador y de los trabajadores colectivamente para dar una confiabilidad en la complejidad de los sistemas. En la segunda parte se presenta una noción del modo de funcionamiento degradado con datos obtenidos a partir de la industria. Esa noción es desarrollada a partir de estudios antropotecnológicos, y es de mucha utilidad para comprender el disfuncionamiento presente en las industrias químicas y petroquímicas brasileñas

Acidentes industriais ampliados: Desafios e perspectivas para o controle e a prevencao

Grandes accidentes industriales: desafíos y perspectivas para el control y prevención toma en consideración las posibles causas de accidentes industriales considerados desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria. Teniendo como referencia eventos pasados y situaciones críticas actuales, planeamiento de emergencias y criterios para la prevención de desastres; estrategias institucionales de control y prevención. La obra se desarrolló bajo la supervisión de veinte especialistas nacionales e internacionales, que en trece capítulos garantizan al lector un panorama actual sobre el tema tan poco explorado que es de gran importancia para la preservación de la vida