NEOCORTICAL IMPACT ON THE AUDIOGENIC SEIZURE ACTIVITY DEVELOPMENT.

Out of genetically determined epilepsy models a special interest draws the model of audiogenic seizures, which does not require whatever additional intervention (e.g. pharmacological or/and electric stimulation), because epileptic responses are elicited by specific sensory stimulation only. Notwithstanding the fact that different formations of the central nervous system are recruited in audiogenic seizure reactions, critical importance for the manifestation of this type epilepsy is attributed to the inferior colliculus and brainstem reticular nuclei. Significance of the diencephalic structures and the thalamic reticular nucleus, in particular for development and/or modulation of audiogenic seizures is ambiguous. Total of eight Krushinsky- Molodkina (KM) strain rats, weighting 250-300 g, served as the subjects of chronic experiments. The neocortex was bilaterally activated by way of administration of 1 µl strychnine (0.1% solutipon) with a microsyringe through a metal capillary prefixed on the cortical surface. Metal electrodes for recording electrical activity were implanted into the neocortex and brainstem reticular formation. Experiments have shown that against strychnine discharges in the neocortex there occurred an increase in the latency of wild runs and the pause between the first and second wild runs in response to a sound stimulus. Proceeding from the above-said, it can be assumed that activation of the neocortex must stipulate intensification of the thalamic reticular nucleus neuronal activity that, in turn, should have a modulating effect on the audiogenically induced seizure reactions.

[Staged oxygen therapy for the prevention of oxidative stress in children with acute respiratory insufficiency]. / Stupenchataia oksigenoterapiia dlia preduprezhdeniia oksidantnogo stressa pri ostroi respiratornoi nedostatochnosti u detei.

The oxidant-antioxidant balance was investigated in 34 children with acute respiratory insufficiency before and during the oxygenotherapy. According to our results, the oxidant system activity was high among patients at exacerbation due to the antioxidant-protection inhibition. The processes of free-radical oxidization sharply intensify themselves during the oxygenotherapy with high FiO2. The activity of the antioxidant-protection enzymes recover partially and the oxidant-system parameters go down, which enabled us to suggest that the described technique is the safest oxygen-based method.