Gingival crevicular fluid levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in patients with aggressive periodontitis.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 in aggressive periodontitis (AgP) and whether GCF MCP-1 levels differ among localized (L) AgP and generalized (G) AgP. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 160 subjects including 80 AgP and 80 age- and gender-matched periodontally healthy (H) controls were recruited in this cross-sectional study (NCT02927704). GCF samples were collected from 160 patients including 50 LAgP, 30 GAgP, and 80 H. Volume of GCF was measured by Periotron 8000® , and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess MCP-1 levels. RESULTS: Compared to H controls, all clinical parameters and total amounts (pg 30 s-1 ) of MCP-1 were significantly higher in subjects with LAgP and GAgP (P < 0.05). Although concentrations of GCF MCP-1 did not differ between LAgP and GAgP (P > 0.05), total amounts of MCP-1 were higher in GAgP than LAgP (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: It can be concluded that the total amount of MCP-1 level in GCF may be a potential determinant in AgP subjects. Increased MCP-1 levels in line with the degree of periodontal destruction in GAgP patients reveal that MCP-1 can be used to understand the disease pathogenesis of LAgP and GAgP.

Monitoring bone morphogenetic protein-2 and -7, soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and osteoprotegerin levels in the peri-implant sulcular fluid during the osseointegration of hydrophilic-modified sandblasted acid-etched and sandblasted acid-etched surface dental implants.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The implant surface plays a major role in the biological response to titanium dental implants. The aim of this study was to investigate levels of soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (sRANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and -7 (BMP-7) in the peri-implant crevicular fluid (PICF) of different implants during the osseointegration period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty-seven patients (22 females and 25 males, mean age 47.34 ± 10.11) were included in this study. Forty-seven implants from two implant systems (group A1 (sandblasted acid-etched [SLA]-16), group A2 (hydrophilic-modified SLA [SLActive]-16), and group B (sandblasted acid-etched [SLA]-15) were placed using standard surgical protocols. PICF samples, plaque index, gingival index and probing depth measurements were obtained at 1 and 3 mo after surgery. PICF levels of sRANKL, OPG, BMP-2/-7 were analyzed by ELISA. RESULTS: No complications were observed during the healing period. No significant differences were observed in the PICF levels of sRANKL, OPG, BMP-2 and BMP-7 for all groups at any time point (p > 0.05). A significant decrease was observed in BMP-2 levels in group A1 (p < 0.05). A significant increase in BMP-7 levels was observed only for group A2 (p < 0.05). There was a strong negative correlation between OPG and gingival index and a negative correlation between BMP-7 and plaque index (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Considering the correlations between clinical and biochemical parameters, the levels of these cytokines in PICF during early healing of implants reflects the degree of peri-implant inflammation, rather than differences in the implant surfaces.

Comparison of conventional and digital radiography systems with regard to radiopacity of root canal filling materials.

AIM: To compare the radiopacity of five root filling materials as measured on digitized E-speed films, storage phosphor plate and CCD sensor images. METHODOLOGY: Radiopacity of Resilon cones and Epiphany, MM-Seal, EndoREZ and AH Plus sealers were investigated. Ten acrylic plates were prepared and filled with the materials. Samples were radiographed together with samples of dentine and an aluminium stepwedge. Images were obtained using E-speed films, Digora storage phosphor plates and Schick CDR CCD sensor. Conventional radiographs were digitized using a desktop scanner. Mean grey values of the materials, stepwedge and dentine were measured using the histogram analysis function of Photoshop 7.0. A graph of radiographic density versus thickness of the aluminium was drawn for each image from which the radiographic densities of the materials were determined in relation to the aluminium thickness. The mean was calculated, and the data were analysed using repeated measures anova and Bonferroni tests (P<0.05). RESULTS: There were significant differences between different imaging modalities (P=0.018) and root filling materials (P<0.001). A statistically significant interaction between imaging modality and material was also observed (P<0.001). All materials had radiopacity above 3mm of aluminium regardless of the imaging technique. The radiopacity of Resilon and Epiphany was significantly higher on digital images compared with digitized E-speed film images (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The choice of imaging system may effect radiopacity measurements. It is possible that radiopacity as recorded on traditional or digitized films is not indicative of the radiopacity as recorded on a digital sensor.

An unusual case of immediate hypersensitivity reaction associated with an amalgam restoration.

This report describes a case of immediate hypersensitivity reaction associated with the mercury component of amalgam restorations. The release of mercury induced an acute reaction which resulted in erythematous lesions, severe burning and itchy sensation and difficulty in breathing. Skin patch test results indicated a very strong positive reaction to mercury. Amalgam restorations were replaced with composite filling material. The patient, her family and her dental practitioner were strictly advised to use alternative restorative materials in case of a need for restoration.

The frequency of periodontal infrabony defects on panoramic radiographs of an adult population seeking dental care.

By means of panoramic radiography (PR), the frequency and location of interproximal infrabony defects (IPIDs), their relationship with age, gender and remaining teeth were studied in 416 individuals seeking dental care. The presence/absence of IPIDs and the defect depths were evaluated on mesial and distal surfaces of a total of 8,964 teeth. One or more infrabony defects were recorded on 23% of the PRs (96 individuals, 152 IPIDs). The frequency of infrabony defects < or = 3 mm, 3-5 mm and > or =5 mm was 12.5%, 9.6% and 3.6% respectively. The number of infrabony defects > or = 5 mm was significantly lower than infrabony defects in < or =3 mm and 3-5 mm groups (p<0.05). The difference between the frequency of IPIDs among two genders was non-significant (20.6% for females, 26.8% for males). The IPIDs were most prevalent in the oldest group (>50 years), which also presented with significantly more missing teeth (p<0.05). The most frequent locations for IPIDs were maxillary and mandibulary molar teeth.