RESUMEN
Norovirus (NoV) is an important etiological agent of diarrhea in children and adults. In Mexico, NoV screening is not routinely performed. NoV is highly infectious and is responsible for massive outbreaks due to the consumption of contaminated food. The study was a cross-sectional design. Samples of diarrheal stools were collected from (62) children and (38) adults with acute gastroenteritis during 2013-2014. The circulating genogroups of NoV were detected by amplifying the RdRp gene fragment, and for the genotyping, the capsid and polymerase fragments were sequenced. Seventy-seven percent of the analyzed samples were positive for NoV. Genotyping was possible for 51 samples; for polymerase GII.P2, GII.P31, GII.P4, GII.P7, GII.P40, and GI.P14 were identified, whereas for capsid, genotypes GI.3, GII.2, GII.4, GII.5, GII.14, and GII.17. In conclusion, there is a high prevalence of gastroenteritis due to NoV in the northwest of Mexico, including genotypes that have not been reported previously in Mexico.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Caliciviridae/virología , Diarrea/virología , Norovirus/genética , Adolescente , Adulto , Infecciones por Caliciviridae/epidemiología , Proteínas de la Cápside/genética , Niño , Preescolar , Estudios Transversales , Diarrea/epidemiología , Heces/virología , Femenino , Genotipo , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , México/epidemiología , Norovirus/clasificación , Norovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Filogenia , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
In Mexico, group A rotavirus (RVA) infections remain the most common cause of severe dehydrating diarrhea in children. This study was conducted to examine the circulating RVA strains in the northwest region of Mexico. RVA strains collected from stool samples of children were genotyped, and their partial sequences were analyzed. RT-PCR of the VP4 and VP7 genes showed the partial G9P[4] genotype in all the samples. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the partial VP7 gene amplicons of 10 strains showed that they clustered in the RVA G9 lineage III, and 7 of them showed 100% identity with the reference strain LB1562, which was collected in the USA 2 years earlier. The amino acid sequences of the VP7 and VP4 antigenic regions were highly conserved between the analyzed RVA strains. Active surveillance is important for monitoring the emergence of RVA strains and their impact on cases of gastroenteritis.
Asunto(s)
Heces/virología , Gastroenteritis/virología , Genotipo , Infecciones por Rotavirus/epidemiología , Infecciones por Rotavirus/virología , Rotavirus/genética , Enfermedad Aguda/epidemiología , Secuencia de Aminoácidos , Antígenos Virales/genética , Proteínas de la Cápside/genética , Niño , Preescolar , Diarrea/virología , Gastroenteritis/epidemiología , Humanos , Lactante , México/epidemiología , Filogenia , ARN Viral/genética , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa , Rotavirus/clasificación , Rotavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Alineación de Secuencia , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
Se presenta el caso de un lactante de 31 días de edad con irritabilidad, poliuria y deshidratación; los estudios de laboratorio mostraban hiperglicemia de 560 mg/dL aumento de la osmolaridad sérica 372 mOsm/L y acidosis. Recibió tratamiento con soluciones electrolíticas e insulina con buena respuesta rápida e intermedia. Tres meses después de su egreso se suspendió la terapia insulínica y se controló durante un año en la consulta ambulatoria, habiendo registrado glucemias normales e incremento pondoestatural adecuado
