RESUMEN
Syphilis, caused by Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum (TPA), is becoming a significant public health concern, with rising incidence in Manitoba exceeding the national average. The province has also seen a demographic shift leading to women representing 51.9% of cases in 2021, leading to the re-emergence of congenital syphilis. Given the similarities in lesion appearance between TPA and other pathogens such as herpesviruses, accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective management and prevention. In order to address the potential for missed TPA cases, we conducted a quality assurance study from June 2021 to March 2023, screening over 5,000 mucocutaneous lesion swabs for TPA, initially submitted for herpes simplex virus (HSV) and varicella zoster virus (VZV) testing. Positivity rates were 13% for HSV1, 13% for HSV2, 6.7% for VZV, and 6.6% for TPA. Turnaround times (TAT) for TPA testing, as a send-out to the reference laboratory, averaged 17.8 days. Of the TPA-positive specimens, 36% did not have a corresponding TPA PCR test ordered, and 19% did not have accompanying syphilis serology within 30 days of collection. Creation of a multiplex lesion panel identified high sensitivity and specificity for HSV1, HSV2, VZV, and TPA, with robust reproducibility across multiple runs. Incorporation of TPA into a lesion panel improved the TAT to 4 days. Our findings emphasize the need for improved testing strategies to combat the syphilis epidemic and enhance public health outcomes.IMPORTANCESyphilis resurgence has become a significant global public health concern. In particular, the Canadian Prairies have been struggling with high incidence since 2016, exceeding the national Canadian average. We undertook a quality assurance study that highlighted significant gaps in diagnosis of acute syphilis, which led to the development of a highly sensitive and specific multiplex lesion assay for the dual detection of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and syphilis.
Asunto(s)
Herpesvirus Humano 1 , Herpesvirus Humano 2 , Herpesvirus Humano 3 , Sífilis , Treponema pallidum , Humanos , Manitoba/epidemiología , Sífilis/diagnóstico , Sífilis/epidemiología , Femenino , Herpesvirus Humano 1/aislamiento & purificación , Herpesvirus Humano 1/genética , Treponema pallidum/aislamiento & purificación , Herpesvirus Humano 3/aislamiento & purificación , Herpesvirus Humano 3/genética , Herpesvirus Humano 2/aislamiento & purificación , Herpesvirus Humano 2/genética , Masculino , Herpes Simple/diagnóstico , Herpes Simple/epidemiología , Adulto , Infección por el Virus de la Varicela-Zóster/diagnóstico , Infección por el Virus de la Varicela-Zóster/epidemiología , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
Post-market surveillance of test performance is a critical function of public health agencies and clinical researchers that ensures tests maintaining diagnostic characteristics following their regulatory approval. Changes in product quality, manufacturing processes over time, or the evolution of new variants may impact product performance. During the COVID-19 pandemic, a plethora of point-of-care tests (POCTs) was released onto the Canadian market. This study evaluated the performance characteristics of several of the most widely distributed POCTs in Canada, including four rapid antigen tests (Abbott Panbio, BTNX Rapid Response, SD Biosensor, and Quidel QuickVue) and two molecular tests (Abbott ID NOW and Lucira Check IT). All tests were challenged with 149 SARS-CoV-2 clinical positives, including multiple variants up to and including Omicron XBB.1.5, as well as 29 clinical negatives. Results were stratified based on whether the isolate was Omicron or pre-Omicron as well as by reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR Ct value. The test performance of each POCT was consistent with the manufacturers' claims and showed no significant decline in clinical performance against any of the variants tested. These findings provide continued confidence in the results of these POCTs as they continue to be used to support decentralized COVID-19 testing. This work demonstrates the essential role of post-market surveillance in ensuring reliability in diagnostic tools.IMPORTANCEPost-market surveillance of diagnostic test performance is critical to ensure their reliability after regulatory approval. This is especially critical in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic as the use of point-of-care tests (POCTs) became widespread. Our study focused on four rapid antigen tests (Abbott Panbio, BTNX Rapid Response, SD Biosensor, and Quidel QuickVue) and two molecular tests (Abbott ID NOW and Lucira Check IT) that were widely distributed across Canada, assessing their performance using many SARS-CoV-2 variants, including up to Omicron subvariant XBB.1.5. Overall, we found no significant difference in performance against any variant, reinforcing confidence in their use. As concerns in test efficacy have been raised by news outlets, particularly regarding the BTNX Rapid Response, this work is even more timely and crucial. Our research offers insights into the performance of widely used COVID-19 POCTs but also highlights the necessity for post-market surveillance.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Pruebas en el Punto de Atención , SARS-CoV-2 , Humanos , SARS-CoV-2/genética , SARS-CoV-2/inmunología , SARS-CoV-2/aislamiento & purificación , COVID-19/diagnóstico , COVID-19/epidemiología , COVID-19/virología , Canadá/epidemiología , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Prueba de COVID-19/métodos , Vigilancia de Productos ComercializadosRESUMEN
PCR-based analysis is the gold standard for detection of SARS-CoV-2 and was used broadly throughout the pandemic. However, heightened demand for testing put strain on diagnostic resources and the adequate amount of PCR-based testing required exceeded existing testing capacity. Pooled testing strategies presented an effective method to increase testing capacity by decreasing the number of tests and resources required for laboratory PCR analysis of SARS-CoV-2. We sought to conduct an analysis of SARS-CoV-2 pooling schemes to determine the sensitivity of various sized Dorfman pooling strategies and evaluate the utility of using such pooling strategies in diagnostic laboratory settings. Overall, a trend of decreasing sensitivity with larger pool sizes was observed, with modest sensitivity losses in the largest pools tested, and high sensitivity in all other pools. Efficiency data was then calculated to determine the optimal Dorfman pool sizes based on test positivity rate. This was correlated with current presumptive test positivity to maximize the number of tests saved, thereby increasing testing capacity and resource efficiency in the community setting. Dorfman pooling methods were evaluated and found to offer a high-throughput solution to SARS-CoV-2 clinical testing that improve resource efficiency in low-resource environments.
RESUMEN
The high-risk human papillomaviruses are oncogenic viruses associated with almost all cases of cervical carcinomas, and increasing numbers of anal, and oral cancers. Two oncogenic HPV proteins, E6 and E7, are capable of immortalizing keratinocytes and are required for HPV associated cell transformation. Currently, the influence of these oncoproteins on the global regulation of the host proteome is not well defined. Liquid chromatography coupled with quantitative tandem mass spectrometry using isobaric-tagged peptides was used to investigate the effects of the HPV16 oncoproteins E6 and E7 on protein levels in human neonatal keratinocytes (HEKn). Pathway and gene ontology enrichment analyses revealed that the cells expressing the HPV oncoproteins have elevated levels of proteins related to interferon response, inflammation and DNA damage response, while the proteins related to cell organization and epithelial development are downregulated. This study identifies dysregulated pathways and potential biomarkers associated with HPV oncoproteins in primary keratinocytes which may have therapeutic implications. Most notably, DNA damage response pathways, DNA replication, and interferon signaling pathways were affected in cells transduced with HPV16 E6 and E7 lentiviruses. Moreover, proteins associated with cell organization and differentiation were significantly downregulated in keratinocytes expressing HPV16 E6 + E7. High-risk HPV E6 and E7 oncoproteins are necessary for the HPV-associated transformation of keratinocytes. However their influence on the global dysregulation of keratinocyte proteome is not well documented. Here shotgun proteomics using TMT-labeling detected over 2500 significantly dysregulated proteins associated with E6 and E7 expression. Networks of proteins related to interferon response, inflammation and DNA damage repair pathways were altered.
Asunto(s)
Proteínas Oncogénicas Virales , Infecciones por Papillomavirus , Células Cultivadas , Daño del ADN , Femenino , Papillomavirus Humano 16/genética , Humanos , Inmunidad , Recién Nacido , Inflamación/metabolismo , Interferones/metabolismo , Queratinocitos , Proteínas Oncogénicas Virales/genética , Proteínas E7 de Papillomavirus/genética , Proteínas E7 de Papillomavirus/metabolismo , Infecciones por Papillomavirus/metabolismo , Proteoma/genética , Proteínas RepresorasRESUMEN
Although children of all ages are susceptible to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, they have not been implicated as major drivers of transmission thus far. However, it is still unknown if this finding holds true with new variants of concern (VOC), such as Delta (B.1.617.2). This study aimed to examine differences in both viral RNA (as measured by cycle threshold [CT]) and viable-virus levels from children infected with Delta and those infected with original variants (OV). Furthermore, we aimed to compare the pediatric population infection trends to those in adults. We obtained 690 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive nasopharyngeal swabs from across Manitoba, Canada, which were further screened for mutations characteristic of VOC. Aliquots of sample were then provided for TCID50 (50% tissue culture infective dose) assays to determine infectious titers. Using a variety of statistical analyses we compared CT and infectivity of VOC in different age demographics. Comparing 122 Delta- to 175 OV-positive nasopharyngeal swab samples from children, we found that those infected with Delta are 2.7 times more likely to produce viable SARS-CoV-2 with higher titers (in TCID50 per milliliter), regardless of viral RNA levels. Moreover, comparing the pediatric samples to 130 OV- and 263 Delta-positive samples from adults, we found only that the Delta pediatric culture-positive samples had titers (TCID50 per milliliter) similar to those of culture-positive adult samples. IMPORTANCE These important findings show that children may play a larger role in viral transmission of Delta than for previously circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants. Additionally, they may suggest a mechanism for why Delta has evolved to be the predominant circulating variant.
Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto , Niño , Humanos , Canadá , COVID-19/epidemiología , ARN Viral/genética , ARN Viral/análisis , SARS-CoV-2/genéticaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Research on the duration of infectivity of ICU patients with COVID-19 has been sparse. Tests based on Reverse Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) detect both live virus and non-infectious viral RNA. We aimed to determine the duration of infectiousness based on viral culture of nasopharyngeal samples of patients with COVID-19. METHODS: Prospective observational study in adult intensive care units with a diagnosis of COVID-19 Pneumonia. Patients had repeated nasopharyngeal sampling performed after day 10 of ICU admission. Culture positive rate (based on viral culture on Vero cells in a level 4 lab) and Cycle threshold from RT-PCR were measured. RESULTS: Nine patients of the 108 samples (8.3%, 95% CI 3.9-15.2%) grew live virus at a median of 13 days (interquartile range 11-19) after their initial positive test. 74.1% of patients were RT-PCR positive but culture negative, and the remaining (17.6%) were RT-PCR and culture negative. Cycle threshold showed excellent ability to predict the presence of live virus, with a Ct < 25 with an AUC of 0.90 (95% CI 0.83-0.97, p < 0.001). The specificity of a Ct > 25 to predict negative viral culture was 100% (95% CI 70-100%). CONCLUSION: 8.3% of our ICU patients with COVID-19 grew live virus at a median of 13 days post-initial positive RT-PCR test. Severity of illness, use of mechanical ventilation, and time between tests did not predict the presence of live virus. Cycle threshold of > 25 had the best ability to determine the lack of live virus in these patents.
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COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Adulto , COVID-19/terapia , COVID-19/virología , Prueba de Ácido Nucleico para COVID-19 , Enfermedad Crítica , Humanos , Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos , Nasofaringe/virología , Estudios Prospectivos , SARS-CoV-2/aislamiento & purificaciónRESUMEN
CONTEXTE: Le rôle des enfants dans la propagation et la transmission communautaire du coronavirus du syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère 2 (SRAS-CoV-2) est encore mal compris. Nous visons à quantifier l'infectivité du SRAS-CoV-2 d'échantillons nasopharyngés provenant d'enfants comparativement à ceux provenant d'adultes. MÉTHODES: Nous avons obtenu des écouvillons nasopharyngés de cas adultes et pédiatriques de la maladie à coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) ainsi que de leurs contacts qui ont obtenu un résultat positif à la présence du SRAS-CoV-2 lors d'un test de dépistage au Manitoba entre les mois de mars et décembre 2020. Nous avons comparé la croissance virale en culture cellulaire, les valeurs de cycle seuil de test d'amplification en chaîne par polymérase couplé à une transcription inverse (RT-PCR) de l'enveloppe (E) du gène du SRAS-CoV-2 et de la dose infectieuse pour 50 % de la culture tissulaire (DICT50/mL) entre les adultes et les enfants. RÉSULTATS: Parmi les 305 échantillons positifs à la présence du SRAS-CoV-2 validés par RT-PCR, 97 échantillons provenaient d'enfants de 10 ans et moins, 78 échantillons d'enfants de 1117 ans et 130 échantillons d'adultes (≥ 18 ans). On a observé une croissance virale en culture dans 31 % des échantillons, dont 18 (19 %) échantillons d'enfants de 10 ans et moins, 18 (23 %) d'enfants de 1117 ans et 57 (44 %) d'adultes (enfants c. adultes, rapport de cotes 0,45; intervalle de confiance [IC] à 95 % 0,280,72). Le cycle seuil était de 25,1 (IC à 95 % 17,731,3) chez les enfants de 10 ans et moins, 22,2 (IC à 95 % 18,329,0) chez les enfants de 1117 ans et 18,7 (IC à 95 % 17,930,4) chez les adultes (p < 0,001). La DICT50/mL médiane était considérablement plus faible chez les enfants de 1117 ans (316, écart interquartile [EI] 1782125) que chez les adultes (5620, EI 117117 800, p < 0,001). Le cycle seuil était un indicateur exact d'une culture positive chez les enfants et les adultes (aire sous la courbe de la fonction d'efficacité du récepteur, 0,87, IC à 95 % 0,810,93 c. 0,89, IC à 95 % 0,830,96, p = 0,6). INTERPRÉTATION: Comparés aux adultes, les enfants qui ont obtenu un résultat positif à un test de dépistage du SRAS-CoV-2 à l'aide d'un écouvillon nasopharyngé étaient moins susceptibles de présenter une croissance du virus en culture et obtenaient un cycle seuil plus élevé et une concentration virale moins élevée, indiquant que les enfants ne sont pas les principaux vecteurs de la transmission du SRAS-CoV-2.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: The role of children in the transmission and community spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is unclear. We aimed to quantify the infectivity of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal samples from children compared with adults. METHODS: We obtained nasopharyngeal swabs from adult and pediatric cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and from their contacts who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in Manitoba between March and December 2020. We compared viral growth in cell culture, cycle threshold values from the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the SARS-CoV-2 envelope (E) gene and the 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50/mL) between adults and children. RESULTS: Among 305 samples positive for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR, 97 samples were from children aged 10 years or younger, 78 were from children aged 11-17 years and 130 were from adults (≥ 18 yr). Viral growth in culture was present in 31% of samples, including 18 (19%) samples from children 10 years or younger, 18 (23%) from children aged 11-17 years and 57 (44%) from adults (children v. adults, odds ratio 0.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.28-0.72). The cycle threshold was 25.1 (95% CI 17.7-31.3) in children 10 years or younger, 22.2 (95% CI 18.3-29.0) in children aged 11-17 years and 18.7 (95% CI 17.9-30.4) in adults (p < 0.001). The median TCID50/mL was significantly lower in children aged 11-17 years (316, interquartile range [IQR] 178-2125) than adults (5620, IQR 1171 to 17 800, p < 0.001). Cycle threshold was an accurate predictor of positive culture in both children and adults (area under the receiver-operator curve, 0.87, 95% CI 0.81-0.93 v. 0.89, 95% CI 0.83-0.96, p = 0.6). INTERPRETATION: Compared with adults, children with nasopharyngeal swabs that tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 were less likely to grow virus in culture, and had higher cycle thresholds and lower viral concentrations, suggesting that children are not the main drivers of SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
Asunto(s)
Prueba de COVID-19/estadística & datos numéricos , COVID-19/diagnóstico , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Adulto , COVID-19/epidemiología , Niño , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Manitoba , Nasofaringe/virología , Orofaringe/virología , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
The global COVID-19 pandemic has led to the rapid development of tests for detection of SARS-CoV-2. Studies are required to assess the relative performance of different assays. Here, we compared the performance of two commercial assays, the cobas® SARS-CoV-2 (Roche Diagnostics) and Xpert® Xpress SARS-CoV-2 (Cepheid®) tests, and a laboratory developed RT-PCR test adapted for use on the Hologic® Panther Fusion® (Hologic®) instrument as well as Bio-Rad and QIAGEN real-time PCR detection systems. Performance characteristics for each test were determined by testing clinical specimens and reference material. All assays detect the pan-Sarbecovirus E (envelope structural protein) gene plus a SARS-CoV-2-specific target. The limit of detection for the E gene target varied from â¼2 copies/reaction to >30 copies/reaction. Due to assay-specific differences in sample processing and nucleic acid extraction, the overall analytical sensitivity ranged from 24 copies/mL specimen to 574 copies/mL specimen. Despite these differences, there was 100 % agreement between the commercial and laboratory developed tests. No false-negative or false-positive SARS-CoV-2 results were observed and there was no cross-reactivity with common respiratory viruses, including endemic coronaviruses.
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Betacoronavirus , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico , Infecciones por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Infecciones por Coronavirus/virología , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular , Neumonía Viral/diagnóstico , Neumonía Viral/virología , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico , Betacoronavirus/genética , Betacoronavirus/inmunología , COVID-19 , Prueba de COVID-19 , Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/métodos , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/normas , Humanos , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/normas , Pandemias , Juego de Reactivos para Diagnóstico/normas , SARS-CoV-2 , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
With emergence of pandemic COVID-19, rapid and accurate diagnostic testing is essential. This study compared laboratory-developed tests (LDTs) used for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Canadian hospital and public health laboratories, and some commercially available real-time RT-PCR assays. Overall, analytical sensitivities were equivalent between LDTs and most commercially available methods.
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Betacoronavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/métodos , Infecciones por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Pandemias , Neumonía Viral/diagnóstico , Reacción en Cadena en Tiempo Real de la Polimerasa/métodos , COVID-19 , Prueba de COVID-19 , Vacunas contra la COVID-19 , Canadá , Infecciones por Coronavirus/virología , Humanos , Laboratorios , Límite de Detección , Neumonía Viral/virología , SARS-CoV-2RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has become the primary method to diagnose viral diseases, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). RT-PCR detects RNA, not infectious virus; thus, its ability to determine duration of infectivity of patients is limited. Infectivity is a critical determinant in informing public health guidelines/interventions. Our goal was to determine the relationship between E gene SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR cycle threshold (Ct) values from respiratory samples, symptom onset to test (STT), and infectivity in cell culture. METHODS: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we took SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR-confirmed positive samples and determined their ability to infect Vero cell lines. RESULTS: Ninety RT-PCR SARS-CoV-2-positive samples were incubated on Vero cells. Twenty-six samples (28.9%) demonstrated viral growth. Median tissue culture infectious dose/mL was 1780 (interquartile range, 282-8511). There was no growth in samples with a Ctâ >â 24 or STTâ >â 8 days. Multivariate logistic regression using positive viral culture as a binary predictor variable, STT, and Ct demonstrated an odds ratio (OR) for positive viral culture of 0.64 (95% confidence interval [CI], .49-.84; Pâ <â .001) for every 1-unit increase in Ct. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for Ct vs positive culture was OR, 0.91 (95% CI, .85-.97; Pâ <â .001), with 97% specificity obtained at a Ct ofâ >â 24. CONCLUSIONS: SARS-CoV-2 Vero cell infectivity was only observed for RT-PCR Ctâ <â 24 and STTâ <â 8 days. Infectivity of patients with Ctâ >â 24 and duration of symptomsâ >â 8 days may be low. This information can inform public health policy and guide clinical, infection control, and occupational health decisions. Further studies of larger size are needed.
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COVID-19 , SARS-CoV-2 , Animales , Chlorocebus aethiops , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , ARN Viral , Estudios Retrospectivos , Células VeroAsunto(s)
Bocavirus Humano , Huésped Inmunocomprometido , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/diagnóstico , Neumonía Viral/diagnóstico , Neumonía Viral/etiología , Femenino , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/etiología , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/terapia , Neumonía Viral/terapia , Tacrolimus/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
The recent emergence of a severe respiratory disease caused by enterovirus D68 prompted investigation into whether Canadian hospital and provincial laboratories can detect this virus using commercial and laboratory-developed assays. This study demonstrated analytical sensitivity differences between commercial and laboratory-developed assays for the detection of enterovirus D68.
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Técnicas de Laboratorio Clínico/métodos , Pruebas Diagnósticas de Rutina/métodos , Enterovirus Humano D/aislamiento & purificación , Infecciones por Enterovirus/diagnóstico , Ensayos de Aptitud de Laboratorios , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/diagnóstico , Canadá , Infecciones por Enterovirus/virología , Humanos , Infecciones del Sistema Respiratorio/virología , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
The recent emergence of influenza A virus (H7N9) emphasizes the need for its rapid detection. While commercial nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) are commonly used to detect seasonal influenza virus, this study demonstrated that the analytical sensitivity of commercial assays is highly variable compared to that of CDC-based in-house NAATs for the detection of H7N9.
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Subtipo H7N9 del Virus de la Influenza A/aislamiento & purificación , Gripe Humana/diagnóstico , Gripe Humana/virología , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Virología/métodos , Humanos , Subtipo H7N9 del Virus de la Influenza A/genética , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Noroviruses (NoVs) are the leading cause of infectious gastroenteritis worldwide. Real-time reverse transcription PCR (real-time RT-PCR) is the preferred method of NoV detection for the majority of testing laboratories. Although the accepted target region for molecular detection assays is the conserved ORF1/ORF2 junction, multiple variations have been published with differences in primers, probes, reagents, multiplexing, etc. OBJECTIVES: We assessed the detection limit for GII.4 NoV real-time RT-PCR assays as well as the ability to detect the non-GII.4 NoV genotypes in each participating laboratory. STUDY DESIGN: A panel of 25 RNA samples was circulated to 18 testing laboratories for comparison of their real-time RT-PCR procedures for NoV detection. RESULTS: Multiple protocols with slight differences in reagents or conditions successfully detected 10 genome equivalents or fewer of NoV per reaction. Multiplex procedures were significantly associated (p=0.04) with false negative results, particularly for a GI.2 strain. Sensitive detection was associated with false positive results (p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, the data indicate that comparable results are produced under slightly different assay conditions.
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Infecciones por Caliciviridae/diagnóstico , Gastroenteritis/diagnóstico , Norovirus/aislamiento & purificación , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa de Transcriptasa Inversa/métodos , Secuencia de Bases , Infecciones por Caliciviridae/virología , Canadá , Heces/virología , Gastroenteritis/virología , Genotipo , Humanos , Límite de Detección , Norovirus/genética , Sistemas de Lectura Abierta , ARN Viral/análisis , ARN Viral/genéticaRESUMEN
Human bocavirus was detected by PCR in 65 (5.1%) of 1,265 respiratory specimens collected in 2002 and 2003 from the Stollery Children's Hospital from children <17 years of age. The spectrum of illness included upper respiratory infection, croup, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia with a prominence of cough and fever.
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Bocavirus/aislamiento & purificación , Enfermedades Respiratorias , Adolescente , Bocavirus/genética , Bronquiolitis Viral/epidemiología , Bronquiolitis Viral/virología , Canadá/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Crup/epidemiología , Crup/virología , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Datos de Secuencia Molecular , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/epidemiología , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/fisiopatología , Infecciones por Parvoviridae/virología , Filogenia , Neumonía Viral/epidemiología , Neumonía Viral/virología , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa/métodos , Enfermedades Respiratorias/epidemiología , Enfermedades Respiratorias/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Respiratorias/virología , Análisis de Secuencia de ADNRESUMEN
Human Bocavirus was detected in 18 (1.5%) of 1,209 respiratory specimens collected in 2003 and 2004 in Canada. The main symptoms of affected patients were cough (78%), fever (67%), and sore throat (44%). Nine patients were hospitalized; of these, 8 (89%) were <5 years of age.