The association of 25 (OH) D3 serum level with ischemic cerebrovascular accident risk, severity and outcome in Iranian population.

OBJECTIVES: The role of combined presence of vitamin D deficiency and other risk factors of stroke in ischemic cerebrovascular accident (CVA) development in Iranian adults has been unclear, so far. The association of vitamin D status at admission with ischemic CVA severity and outcome in this community is not yet well elucidated. This study aimed to clarify these ambiguities. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study 104 hospitalized ischemic CVA patients and 104 healthy controls participated. The serum level of 25 (OH) D3 and baseline biochemical parameters were measured in ischemic patients within the first 24 h of admission, as well as healthy controls. The severity of CVA and clinical outcome were assessed using National Institutes Health Stroke Scale and Modified Rankin Scale, respectively. Data were analyzed using the Chi-square test, independent t-test, and multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: There was a significant difference between patients and controls regarding the presence of vitamin D3 deficiency, hypertension, smoking, and baseline level of LDL and FBS. Vitamin D3 deficiency boosted the risk of ischemic in males and those having family history of CVA. A low serum level of 25 (OH) D3 was associated with more severity and poor outcome of CVA. The CVA severity, vitamin D3 deficiency, and hypertension were predictors of poor outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the increased risk of ischemia in Iranians by cooccurrence of vitamin D3 deficiency and other risk factors of CVA. Clinical significance of vitamin D3 deficiency control may be suggested in those at risk of CVA and functional poor outcomes.

Relationship between self-compassion and psychological well-being with the mediating role of resilience in people with multiple sclerosis.

Purpose: Paying attention to the factors affecting the psychological well-being of people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) is of particular importance, hence the present study investigated the relationship between self-compassion and psychological well-being with the mediating role of resilience. Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed using an online survey in a sample of 410 PwMS registered with the Guilan MS Society (GMSS) of Iran. The study was conducted in 2021. A demographic questionnaire, Ryff 's Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWB), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Self Compassion Scale Short Form (SCS-SF) were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling. Results: The model and data were sensibly in agreement. Moreover, bootstrap results showed that all direct path coefficients were significant (t ≥ 1.96). The direct effects of self-compassion and resilience on psychological well-being were significant, with standardized coefficients of 0.69 and 0.21. In addition resilience, with a coefficient of 0.73, was associated with psychological well-being. Furthermore, the indirect effect of self-compassion on psychological well-being with the mediating role of resilience was also confirmed (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: In particular, a higher self-compassion score predicts greater resilience, which is correlated with greater psychological well-being. These findings underscore the need to target the psychological well-being of PwMS through resilience to help them cope with living with chronic conditions.