The Effect of Intra-socket Vitamin E Application on the Reduction in Postoperative Pain and Reduction in Incidence of Dry Socket in Female Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Blum defined dry socket as the presence of postoperative pain in and around the extraction site that worsens 1-3 days after the extraction. Methods: 90 female patients seeking extraction of a single tooth in the lower posterior region were divided randomly into 45 patients who received vitamin E inside the socket after extraction (study group) and 45 patients who did not receive vitamin E after extraction (control group). Results: After 3 days, there was a decrease in pain levels in the study group compared to the control group. Only 7 patients out of 45 (16%) suffered from pain compared to 17 patients out of 45 (38%) in the control group. So, the improvement in pain was statistically significant P = 0.02. After 7 days, there was a decrease in wound healing levels in the study group compared to the control group. Only 8 patients out of 45 (17%) had poor wound healing compared to 7 patients out of 45 (16%) in the control group. However, the improvement in wound healing was not statistically significant P = 0.8. Conclusion: Based on the current results, we recommend the use of vitamin E as topical intra-socket medication in reducing the early postoperative pain.

Does Piroxicam have an Added Benefit on Arthrocentesis in the Management of Internal Derangement in Female Patients?: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND: Arthrocentesis is an accepted treatment modality for internal derangement. Piroxicam is an NSAID that can be injected into the TMJ. PURPOSE: The primary objective of this study was to improve mouth opening, and the secondary objective was to decrease TMD-associated pain. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was performed on patients suffering from anterior disk displacement with reduction. Patients were divided into 2 groups: a study in which patients underwent arthrocentesis followed by an injection of 20 mg of piroxicam. Independent and paired sample t-tests were used to assess mouth opening. The χ2 test was used to assess the pain data; the P value was fixed at 0.05. RESULTS: Twenty female patients were included in the current study. To ensure that covariables did not affect the study results, an intergroup assessment using Student's t-test for unassisted mouth opening without pain preoperatively showed that the maximum unassisted opening without pain was 20.8±3.9 mm in the control group, and the average maximum unassisted opening without pain was 19.7±1.1 mm in the case study group. The unassisted mouth opening in the control group was 30.9±3.4 mm and 31.8±3.6 mm, respectively, and there was no significant difference (P=0.6, 95% CI: -2.5 to 4.32). There was no significant difference in pain between the study and control groups (P=0.3). CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION: Based on the results of the present study, arthrocentesis using piroxicam does not have any benefit over conventional arthrocentesis.

The Use of Combined Microplate And Miniplate in the Fixation of the Mandibular Fractures (A Randomized Clinical Trial).

The study group patients have been treated with 1.6 microplates at the superior border and 2.0 miniplate at the inferior border to evaluate its efficacy in the fixation of symphyseal and parasymphyseal fractures using this technique. The control patients were treated with two 2.0 plates. The stability was assessed using computed tomography immediately performed postoperatively and after 6 months. Assessment of the change in the intercanine distance using the Student T test was statistically Non Significant ( P value 0.34). The change of intercanine distance in the study was 0.04 ± 0.05 mm, compared with that of the control, which was 0.01 ± 0.03 mm. Assessment of change in intermental foramina distance was statistically NS ( P value = 0.06). The average difference in intermental foramina distance in the study was 0.04 ± 0.05 mm, compared with the control, which was 0.002 ± 0.004 mm. Based on the findings of the current study, the authors recommend the use of microplates combined with miniplates in the correction of both symphyseal and parasymphyseal fractures successfully.

Effects of Monochromatic Blue Light on Reducing the Adverse Impact of Induced Cyclic Chronic Heat Stress during the Thermal Manipulation of Broiler Embryos.

Objective: The aim was to detect effects of blue light on reducing the adverse effect of heat stress in thermal manipulation (TM) of broiler embryos by subjecting embryos to heat stress during incubation development. Methods: Eggs were assigned to four treatments in which the TM (thermal manipulation) was exposed to 40°C for 4 h daily during five successive days, if TM was operated. The treatments were (1) normal temperature with white lighting group (37°C+W), (2) normal temperature with blue lighting group (37°C+B), (3) thermal manipulation with white lighting group (40°C+W), and (4) thermal manipulation with blue lighting group (40°C+B). Results: Blue light significantly lowered MDA and corticosterone concentrations in the embryonic liver. Additionally, the damage of embryonic liver tissue caused by heat stress could be reduced by blue light. HSPs and HSFs gene expression of chicken liver were modulated by blue light significantly, whereas the effects were different, respectively. Moreover, blue light modulated liver antioxidant enzyme activity and their gene expression in embryonic liver significantly. However, blue light did not exert significant effects on body weight, late hatch rectal temperature and tibia length of hatched chicks. Conclusions: The results suggest that monochromatic blue light can reduce the content of MDA and corticosterone of broiler embryos in heat stress and increase the relative expression of SOD and CAT genes. Moreover, the monochromatic blue light may reduce the metabolic heat production of broilers during the embryonic stage, thus reducing the damage of broilers due to heat stress during the embryonic heat acclimation stage.

The Radiographic Effect of Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate on Bone Maturation During Mandibular Distraction Osteogenesis.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to evaluate the effect of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) during distraction on the consolidation period. METHODS: The study had 2 groups each had 6 patients. In the control, the distraction had no enhancement; while, the study group was enhanced by BMAC. The bone quality and quantity were assessed using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). RESULTS: The assessment of bone density showed non-significant (NS) (P = 0.06) increase in bone density in the study group (M = 293 ±â€Š100 HU) compared to the control group (M = 176 ±â€Š94 HU). The Assessment of bone volume showed a NS (P = 0.15) increase in bone volume in Study group with average bone volume/total volume (M = 49.47% ±â€Š4.5%) compared to Control group (M = 43.9% ±â€Š7.5%). CONCLUSION: Further examination is recommended to evaluate the effect of BMAC on the distracted bone. The addition of BMAC made a non-significant improvement in bone quantity and quality.

The Stress Concentration and Biomechanical Properties of the Intra-oral Distractors and the Extra-oral Distractors Used in Treatment of Post Ankylosis Facial Asymmetric Patients: A Finite Element Analysis Study.

ABSTRACT: Assessment of stress and micromotions using finite element analysis along both the intraoral and the extraoral distractors devices used in the mandibular distraction of post temporomandibular joint ankylosis deformed mandible patients. The process of finite element analysis was carried out to assess distraction models. The first model was an extraoral mandibular distraction model and the second model was an intraoral mandibular distraction model. To analyze the stress state, 2 vertical loads were applied on the defective and normal side respectively by a 3D finite element ball model. The intraoral system observed lower stress (4.5 MPa) in the mandibular bone compared to the extra-oral system (11.5 MPa). The results revealed that the intraoral system observed higher stress on the distractor fixing points (392.21 MPa) compared to the extra-oral fixing points (12.62 MPa). The results revealed that the extra-oral system reflected higher displacement on the bone surrounding the screws of about 3720 µm compared to the intraoral system 1414.6 µm. Internal devices give better shielding to the bone and induce fewer stresses over the mandibular, so it is more advisable to be used. The external devices permit greater distraction length because the pins and the distractor main body are subjected to fewer stresses.