Doubling time in pulmonary and hepatic hydatid cysts.

Background: This study aims to investigate whether the concept of doubling time in hydatid cysts differs according to different parameters such as age, sex, and whether the cyst is located in the lung or liver. Background: This study aims to investigate whether the concept of doubling time in hydatid cysts differs according to different parameters such as age, sex, and whether the cyst is located in the lung or liver. Methods: Between January 2012 and August 2023, a total of 138 hydatid cysts were retrospectively analyzed. There were 55 pulmonary (32 males, 23 females; mean age: 25.6±23.8 years; range, 2 to 77 years) and 83 hepatic hydatid cyst patients (32 males, 51 females; mean age: 31.1±22.8 years; range, 3 to 75 years). Results: The mean doubling times for pulmonary and hepatic hydatid cysts were 73.4±41.8 and 172.6±108.8 days, respectively (p<0.001). When children (≤18 years old) and adult cases were compared for pulmonary hydatid cysts, the mean doubling times were 61.1±17.6 and 87.1±55.3 days, respectively (p=0.119), and for hepatic hydatid cysts, 110.6±48.4 and 215.6±118.3 days, respectively (p<0.001). While comparing male and female cases, the mean doubling time for pulmonary hydatid cysts was 77.6±32.2 and 67.6±52.6 days, respectively (p=0.018), while for hepatic hydatid cysts, it was 192.0±111.7 and 160.4±106.2 days, respectively (p=0.250). Conclusion: The doubling time seems to be approximately 10 weeks in the lung and approximately 25 weeks in the liver. Hydatid cysts grow faster in children than adults in both the lungs and liver.

Diagnosis, treatment, and management of esophageal foreign bodies in patients with mental retardation: A retrospective study from three centers.

Background: This study aims to assess the outcomes and prognosis of surgical interventions aimed at removing esophageal foreign bodies in patients with mental retardation. Methods: Between January 2010 and January 2021, a total of 30 consecutive patients (20 males, 10 females; median age: 29.5 years; range, 2 to 57 years) with mental retardation who were diagnosed with esophageal foreign bodies and underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Age and sex of the patients, symptoms, type of the foreign body, esophageal stricture level, methods used for preoperative diagnosis, type of surgical procedure, postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay were recorded. Results: Seventeen (56.6%) patients had a foreign body in the first narrowing, 12 (40%) in the second narrowing, and one (3.3%) in the third narrowing. A rigid esophagoscopy was performed in all cases. However, successful removal was not achieved in two (6.6%) cases, and foreign bodies were removed through cervical esophagotomy in one (3.3%) patient and through esophagotomy with right thoracotomy in one (3.3%) patient. Postoperative complications included esophagitis in seven patients (23.3%) and wound infection and pneumonia in two patients (6.6%). The median length of hospital stay after treatment was 1.09 days in patients without complications and 3.3 days in patients with complications. There was a significant correlation between the occurrence of complications and the length of hospital stay (p=0.002). The foreign body was successfully removed in all patients, and no mortality was observed. Conclusion: Early diagnosis and emergency intervention can reduce complications, particularly considering the possibility of non-food and sharp-edged foreign bodies that pose a higher risk of damaging the digestive system, in patients with mental retardation than those without such conditions.

An important finding for differential diagnosis in thymic cyst mimicking pericardial cyst: punctate calcification.

Mediastinal cysts are usually congenital but present in adulthood. A pericardial cyst is usually localized in the right cardiophrenic region. Thymic cysts are less common and are located in the cervical region or anterior mediastinal region. While thoracoscopic excision or aspiration can be applied in pericardial cysts, excision is recommended in thymic cysts. We present a case of a thymic cyst located in the localization of the pericardial cyst and radiologically containing wall punctate calcification.

Comparing Capitonnage and Uncapitonnage Techniques for Pulmonary Hydatid Cysts: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Surgery is the primary treatment for pulmonary hydatid cysts. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to compare the results of capitonnage and uncapitonnage techniques for the surgery of pulmonary hydatid cysts. Descriptive Boolean queries were used to search PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for articles published up to June 2022 to evaluate the outcomes of pulmonary hydatid cysts in terms of mortality, postoperative complications, and hospital stay. A total of 12 studies were included. An analysis of the total side effects revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between the capitonnage and uncapitonnage groups (odds ratio=3.81, 95% confidence interval=[1.75-8.31], P < .001). The results showed that more side effects were observed in the uncapitonnage group than in the capitonnage group. The risk of side effects in the uncapitonnage group is 3.81 times higher than in the capitonnage group. The results showed that more prolonged air leak was seen in uncapitonnage group than in the capitonnage group (odds ratio=4.18, 95% confidence interval=[1.64-10.64], P=.003). The results show that more empyema was observed in uncapitonnage group than in the capitonnage group (odds ratio=4.76, 95% confidence interval=[1.29-17.57], P =0.020). An analysis of atelectasis and mean hospital stay revealed that there was no statistically significant difference between the capitonnage and uncapitonnage groups. The results reveal the advantages of capitonnage in the treatment of pulmonary hydatid cysts and that the capitonnage method is quite effective in reducing complications compared to the uncapitonnage method.

CT Imaging Findings of Pulmonary Alveolar Echinococcosis.

Alveolar echinococcosis is a parasitic infection caused by Echinococcus multilocularis in the metacestode stage. The disease involves the liver in almost all cases, and additionally, lung involvement is accompanied in approximately 13% of the cases. Due to the low incidence of pulmonary alveolar echinococci, there are few case reports of lung involvement in the literature. In this study, computed tomography (CT) findings related to pulmonary involvement in alveolar echinococcosis cases, which have increased worldwide in recent years, were evaluated.

Overview of indications for pulmonary sleeve resection.

Pulmonary sleeve resection is a complex lung resection and reconstruction surgery mostly performed in patients with centrally located locally invasive lung cancers which often penetrate into central airways and vasculature. This approach was initially used for patients unable to tolerate pneumonectomies, while it is currently also being preferred in patients whose tumors are anatomically suited. Today, thoracic sleeve resections include a wide range of procedures ranging from bronchial and tracheal sleeve resections to carinal sleeve pneumonectomies. In this review, we discuss indications for various types of sleeve resection in the light of current literature.

Minimally invasive Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy for esophageal cancer.

Background: In this study, we present our minimally invasive Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy technique and survival rates of this technique. Methods: Between September 2013 and December 2020, a total of 140 patients (56 males, 84 females; mean age: 55.5±10.3 years; range, 32 to 76 years) who underwent minimally invasive Ivor- Lewis esophagectomy for esophageal cancer were retrospectively analyzed. Preoperative patient data, oncological and surgical outcomes, pathological results, and complications were recorded. Results: Primary diagnosis was esophageal cancer in all cases. Minimally invasive Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy was carried out in all of the cases included in the study. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy was administrated in 97 (69.3%) of the cases. The mean duration of surgery was 261.7±30.6 (range, 195 to 330) min. The mean amount of intraoperative blood loss was 115.1±190.7 (range, 10 to 800) mL. In 60 (42.9%) of the cases, complications occurred in intraoperative and early-late postoperative periods. The anastomotic leak rate was 7.1% and the pulmonary complication rate was 22.1% in postoperative complications. The mean hospital stay length was 10.6±8.4 (range, 5-59) days and hospital mortality rate was 2.1%. The median follow-up duration was 37 (range, 2-74) months and the three- and five-year overall survival rates were 61.8% and 54.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Minimally invasive Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy can be used safely with low mortality and long-time survival rates in esophageal cancer.

Is thoracic esophagostomy an option in esophageal perforation in pediatric patients?

Esophagostomy and subsequent esophagectomy are extremely rare operations in the management of benign esophageal perforations in children. In this report, we present a 20-month-old female in whom we performed thoracic esophagostomy and subsequent intrathoracic esophagogastric anastomosis due to esophageal perforation caused by a chronic foreign body. The patient was discharged on the 10th postoperative day, and no complications were observed in the patient, who was followed for four years. The thoracic esophagostomy procedure helps preserve the esophageal length and easy execution of the esophagogastric anastomosis in the thorax. We believe it can be a safe and useful technique in carefully selected cases.

Pulmonary Hamartomas: A Single-Center Analysis of 59 Cases.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the clinical, radiological, and surgical treatment results of patients who underwent surgical treatment for pulmonary hamartomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-nine consecutive patients who underwent surgical treatment for pulmonary hamartomas in our clinic between January 2001 and February 2021 were analyzed retrospectively. RESULTS: Forty-three out of 59 (72.9%) of the cases were male and 16 (27.1%) were female. The average age was 52.0 ± 15.0 (between 5 years and 80 years). While pulmonary hamartoma was in the form of a solitary pulmonary nodule in 55 (93.2%) of the cases, there were multiple lesions in 4 (6.8%) cases. Simultaneous gastric adenocarcinoma was detected in 1 patient. One case had been operated on for Wilms tumor. Twenty-two (37.3%) of the cases were asymptomatic and were detected incidentally. Locations of pulmonary hamartomas were 18 (29.0%) in the left lower lobe, 16 (25.8%) in the right upper lobe, 12 (19.4%) in the right lower lobe, 9 (14.5%) in the left upper lobe, and 7 (11.3%) in the right middle lobe. The mean lesion diameter was 22.0 ± 9.5 mm (between 10 mm and 56 mm). Mild to moderate fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake was observed in 11 of 15 cases that were evaluated with positron emission tomography/computed tomography. Surgically, 44 (74.6%) patients underwent wedge resection, 13 (22.0%) patients underwent enucleation and two (3.4%) patients underwent lobectomy. Perioperative morbidity and mortality were not observed in any of the cases. The cases were followed up for an average of 40.6 ± 38.7 months (between 1 month and 151 months). No recurrence was observed in any of the cases during follow-up. CONCLUSION: Pulmonary hamartomas are usually detected incidentally and as a solitary pulmonary nodule. Although radiological findings provide important information, a definitive diagnosis is usually made during surgery. Parenchyma-sparing surgery should be preferred in these cases whenever possible.