Health and wellbeing status of the long-lived individuals of the Spanish LONGECYL cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: The increase in life expectancy and long-lived individuals is a challenge for public health and provides an opportunity to understand the determinants of longevity. However, few studies have addressed the factors associated with the health status and quality of life in a long-lived individual population. We described the perceived health, clinical status, quality of life, and dependency for activities of daily living in a representative population in Castile and Leon, Spain. METHODS: A sample of 759 long-lived individuals aged 95 years and older was studied by the Health Sentinel Network of Castile and Leon (Spain) through a health examination and a structured questionnaire covering quality of life (EQ-5D-3), lifestyle habits, diet, working life and family health. A blood sample was taken for the study of biological and genetic markers. Chi Square and logistic regression OR with 95% confidence intervals were used to analyze the determinants of the long-lived individuals' health status. The significant level for the bivariate analysis was established at 0.05. RESULTS: Perceived health was good, very good or excellent in 64.2%, while only 46.0% had a quality-of-life index above 0.5 (ranging from 0 to 1) and 44.1% maintained acceptable independence for activities of daily living. Quality-of-life index was higher in the oldest, (OR 7.98 [2,32-27.41]) above 100 years compared to those under 98, and men had better values for independence than women (OR 2.43 [1.40-4.29]). Cardiovascular diseases were the most prevalent (85.5%), but neurological and mental diseases and vision problems had the highest impact on quality of life and independence. CONCLUSION: The long-lived individuals of Castile and Leon have a relatively well-preserved health status, although the perception of health is higher than that describing their quality of life and dependence. The quality of life was higher in the oldest age group and showed differences according to sex, with a better quality of life in men. Public health policies and programs should take in account the differences by sex and age as well as the prevention and control of the main conditions related with poor quality of life or dependence. Future research must include the interaction among genetic, socioeconomic, environmental, and other clinical factors in the quality of life and disability of long-lived individuals.

Incidencia hospitalaria, tendencia y distribución municipal del cáncer de próstata en el área de salud de León (1996-2010) / Hospital incidence, trends and municipal distribution of prostate cáncer in health área of León, Spain (1996-2010)

El cáncer de próstata (CaP) es el de mayor incidencia entre los varones y sin embargo se conoce muy poco sobre sus factores de riesgo. El presente artículo tiene por objetivo conocer la incidencia hospitalaria, tendencia y distribución municipal del CaP en el área de salud de León (ASL). Métodos. Fueron incluidos los casos nuevos de cáncer de próstata (CIE-9: 185, CIE-10: C61) del registro hospitalario de tumores del Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, entre 1996 y 2010 en sujetos con residencia en el ASL. Se calcularon las incidencias hospitalarias brutas trienales y ajustadas a población mundial y europea. Como denominador se utilizaron los datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística de población desagregada por grupos quinquenales de edad de residentes en municipios del ASL. Para el análisis de la distribución espacial se estimaron los riesgos relativos (RR) municipales suavizados mediante el ajuste del modelo de Besag, York y Mollié y sus probabilidades posteriores de que los RR fuesen > 1 (PP), utilizando métodos bayesianos. Resultados: Se incluyeron 3.366 casos. Las tasas estandarizadas con población europea ascendieron de 30,3 (1996-98) a 119,0 (2008-2010) casos nuevos por 100.000 hombres. El número de casos órgano-confinados pasó de 281 (1999-2001) a 999 (2008-2010). Las determinaciones de PSA ascendieron de 30.985 (1999-2001) a 117.396 (2008-2010). Conclusiones: Se observó un gran incremento de la frecuencia de CaP a expensas de los casos órgano-confinados, que correlacionan muy bien con las determinaciones de PSA llevadas a cabo en el ASL. No hubo diferencias de interés en la distribución municipal de las incidencias (AU)

Background: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most prevalent among men and yet its risk factors are little known. This article aims to determine the hospital incidence, trend and municipal distribution of PC in Health Area of León (HAL). Methods: We included new cases of prostate cancer (ICD-9: 185, ICD-10: C61) enrolled in the Hospital Tumor Registry of the Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, between 1996 to 2010 with residence in HAL. We calculated crude triennial hospital incidences and adjusted at global and European population. As denominator we used the INE population data disaggregated by five-year age groups of residents in municipalities of the HAL. To analyze the spatial distribution, we estimated municipal relative risks (RR) smoothed by fitting the Besag, York and Mollié model and the posterior probability (PP) of RR > 1 using Bayesian methods. Results: 3,366 cases were included. Standardized rates at European population amounted of 30.3 (1996-98) to 119.0 (2008-2010) new cases per 100,000 men. The number of organ-confined cases were increased from 281 (1999-2001) to 999 (2008-2010). PSA determinations amounted from 30,985 (1999-2001) to 117 396 (2008-2010). Conclusions: A great increase was observed in the frequency of PC at the expense of organ-confined cases which correlate very well with PSA determinations performed in HAL. There were no differences of interest in the municipal distribution incidences (AU)

[Hospital incidence, trends and municipal distribution of prostate cancer in health area of León, Spain (1996-2010)]. / Incidencia hospitalaria, tendencia y distribución municipal del cáncer de próstata en el área de salud de León (1996-2010).

BACKGROUND: Prostate cancer (PC) is the most prevalent among men and yet its risk factors are little known. This article aims to determine the hospital incidence, trend and municipal distribution of PC in Health Area of León (HAL). METHODS: We included new cases of prostate cancer (ICD-9: 185, ICD-10: C61) enrolled in the Hospital Tumor Registry of the Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, between 1996 to 2010 with residence in HAL. We calculated crude triennial hospital incidences and adjusted at global and European population. As denominator we used the INE population data disaggregated by five-year age groups of residents in municipalities of the HAL. To analyze the spatial distribution, we estimated municipal relative risks (RR) smoothed by fitting the Besag, York and Mollié model and the posterior probability (PP) of RR >1 using Bayesian methods. RESULTS: 3,366 cases were included. Standardized rates at European population amounted of 30.3 (1996-98) to 119.0 (2008-2010) new cases per 100,000 men. The number of organ-confined cases were increased from 281 (1999-2001) to 999 (2008-2010). PSA determinations amounted from 30,985 (1999-2001) to 117 396 (2008-2010). CONCLUSIONS: A great increase was observed in the frequency of PC at the expense of organ-confined cases which correlate very well with PSA determinations performed in HAL. There were no differences of interest in the municipal distribution incidences.