Trypanosoma cruzi vectors and reservoirs in Southern Sergipe.

INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease is a health problem that affects approximately 7 million people worldwide, according to the World Health Organization. Vector transmission is one of the most important routes in South and Central American countries. Between 2013 and 2019, municipalities of Sergipe sent 507 triatomines for analysis, unveiling the largest records found in the south in the villages of Poço da Clara, Alagoinhas and Pilões, and the municipality of Tobias Barreto. The high prevalence of infected vectors in these localities motivated this epidemiological study. METHODS: After educational lectures on the vectors and risks of the disease, a structured questionnaire was administered to identify areas and risk factors for transmission of the parasite. The data guided the collection of vectors and blood samples from domestic reservoirs. RESULTS: The studied region is considered endemic for triatomines infected by Trypanosoma cruzi with three species of vectors; the highest prevalence was Panstrongylus lutzi (54.83%), followed by Triatoma pseudomaculata (43.54%), and Triatoma tibiamaculata (1.61%). In the villages in this study, 100% of the vectors were found intradomically. The coexistence of residents with domestic animals was reported by 62.04% (255) of those surveyed. Forty-one small animals that were actively living with humans at home in the localities were evaluated serologically. No infection was observed in the domestic animals. CONCLUSIONS: There are favorable conditions for the domiciliation of triatomines in the evaluated locations, contributing to the risk of vectorial transmission of Chagas disease.

Systematic neonatal screening for congenital Chagas disease in Northeast Brazil: prevalence of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in the Southern region of Sergipe.

INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease is caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, being one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the Americas with an estimated six to seven million infected people worldwide. In Brazil, the improvement in vector control and blood donor screening has evidenced the important epidemiological role of congenital transmission of Chagas disease. METHODS: A serological survey for Chagas disease was performed in 3,952 newborns in the southern region of Sergipe using paper filter disks of dried blood samples. The newborns were screened using the Sergipe State Neonatal Screening Program between July 2015 and July 2016, and 3,749 and 750 blood samples were obtained for the IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence assay, respectively. In addition, mothers of the children who presented initial reagent serology were examined. RESULTS: Among 3,749 blood samples, samples of two children were positive for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; however, their confirmation test results were negative, suggesting passive transfer of the mother's antibody. One puerpera was identified with Chagas disease, with a prevalence of 0.02%. CONCLUSIONS: Congenital Chagas disease was not observed in newborns in the Southern region of Sergipe. However, Chagas disease was observed in women of reproductive age. Therefore, effective measurements for monitoring and systematic evaluation should be conducted. The Neonatal Screening Program proved to be an effective public health strategy for the prevention and control of Chagas disease.

Systematic neonatal screening for congenital Chagas disease in northeast Brazil: prevalence of trypanosoma cruzi infection in the southern region of Sergipe

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease is caused by the flagellate protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, being one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the Americas with an estimated six to seven million infected people worldwide. In Brazil, the improvement in vector control and blood donor screening has evidenced the important epidemiological role of congenital transmission of Chagas disease. METHODS: A serological survey for Chagas disease was performed in 3,952 newborns in the southern region of Sergipe using paper filter disks of dried blood samples. The newborns were screened using the Sergipe State Neonatal Screening Program between July 2015 and July 2016, and 3,749 and 750 blood samples were obtained for the IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and indirect immunofluorescence assay, respectively. In addition, mothers of the children who presented initial reagent serology were examined. RESULTS: Among 3,749 blood samples, samples of two children were positive for the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; however, their confirmation test results were negative, suggesting passive transfer of the mother's antibody. One puerpera was identified with Chagas disease, with a prevalence of 0.02%. CONCLUSIONS: Congenital Chagas disease was not observed in newborns in the Southern region of Sergipe. However, Chagas disease was observed in women of reproductive age. Therefore, effective measurements for monitoring and systematic evaluation should be conducted. The Neonatal Screening Program proved to be an effective public health strategy for the prevention and control of Chagas disease.

New cases of Chagas disease in a rural area of Northeast Brazilian.

INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease is considered one of the 17 most neglected tropical diseases in the World, with the most common form of vector transmission. METHODS: This structured cross-sectional study was conducted through an epidemiological survey in the Tobias Barreto municipality of Sergipe. RESULTS: Of the 255 participants, 1 (0.4%) participant was positive for human Chagas disease. Approximately 30.2% of the participants found the triatomine bugs in their houses and outbuildings. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of a case indicated transmission, which was also evidenced by the presence of triatomines and poor housing conditions.

Implantação de educação continuada com profissionais de enfermagem utilizando a pedagogia problematizadora: relato de experiência / Implantación de educación continuada con profesionales de enfermería utilizando la pedagogia problematizadora: relato de experiencia / Implementation of an education program with nursing professionals using the problem-based pedagogy: experience report

Estudo que teve por finalidade relatar a experiência de implantação de um programa de educação para profissionais deenfermagem, cuja intervenção obteve a participaçãode 65 profissionais de enfermagem de um hospital universitário dacidade de Manaus no período de Janeiro de 2009 a Março de 2010. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de doisinstrumentos: umcheck liste uma entrevista, para observação e identificação dos procedimentos frequentes e suasfragilidades. A pedagogia problematizadora permitiuelaborar o programa, emergindo inúmeras temáticas,dentre elas:higienização das mãos; aferição de pressão arteriale administração de medicamentos via intramuscular.A intervençãofavoreceu o interesse pelas temáticas e a motivaçãodos sujeitos, refletidos no índice de participação, bem como oaperfeiçoamento na gestão de talentos humanos.

The study’s goal was report the experience of implementation of an education program for nursing professionals. 65nursing professionals from the University Hospital(Manaus) from January 2009 to March 2010 participated of thisinterventional study. The collection of data was performed using two instruments, a checklist and an interview-basedform for observation and identification of common procedures and their weaknesses. The problem-based pedagogy wasused to elaborate a teaching program. This phase ofthe program concentrates: hand sanitization; measurement of arterialpressure and intramuscular drug administration. This intervention triggered the improvement of professional skills as wellas the increase on interest and motivation of the people involved. The increase of interest was reflected by theparticipation rate.

Estudio que tuvo por finalidad relatar a experiencia de implantar un programa educacional para profesionales deenfermería, cuya intervención contó con la participación de 65 profesionales de enfermería de un hospital universitario dela ciudad de Manaus, de Enero de 2009 a Marzo de 2010. Dos instrumentos fueron utilizados para observación eidentificación de los procedimientos frecuentes y sus fragilidades: elcheck listy la entrevista. La pedagogíaproblematizadora permitió elaborar el programa, emergiendo innúmeras temáticas de las cuales fueron trabajadas:higienización de manos, medición de presión arterial y administración de medicamentos por vía intramuscular. Laintervención despertó el interés y la motivación, verificado a través de la participación de los sujetos, además delaprimoramiento de la gestión de talentos humanos.