Gastric pneumatosis, an uncommon complication of a lung transplant, prognosis, diagnostic and treatment management.

We present a case of a 40-year-old woman with double-lung transplant with extracorporeal circulation (EC) due to pulmonary hypertension (pulmonary veno-occlusive disease form (PVOD)) secondary to mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). On day 6 postoperatively, abdominal pain and distension was noticed, since abdominal CT scan was performed, showing emphysematous gastritis with gastric wall ischemia and peritonitis. Therefore, emergent surgery was proposed. By open surgery approach, a total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y and esophagojejunal anastomosis was performed. On day 6 after gastrectomy, intraluminal bleeding of the esophagojejunal anastomosis was detected in control CT, which was not need any aggressive treatment. Postoperative evolution was favourable, being discharged from the intensive care unit on the day 34 and from the hospital two months later.

Prevalencia de alteraciones musculoesqueléticas en pacientes que asisten al Centro de Salud de la provincia del Guayas / Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in patients attending the Health Center of the province of Guayas / Prevalência de perturbações músculo-esqueléticas em doentes que frequentam o Centro de Saúde da província de Guayas

Los Trastornos musculoesqueléticos (TME) abarcan más de 150 patologías que pueden afectar al sistema locomotor, siendo considerado por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) en el año 2021 como el principal factor para la incapacidad laboral y de requerir rehabilitación. Estas lesiones se presentan de forma repentina y pueden llegar a ser enfermedades crónicas, las cuales pueden afectar de una manera social, económica y laboral. Objetivo. Establecer la prevalencia de las alteraciones musculoesqueléticas más frecuentes, asociadas a incapacidad laboral en pacientes que asisten al Centro de Salud en la provincia del Guayas. Materiales y métodos. Este trabajo de investigación tiene un alcance descriptivo observacional, de enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño no experimental de corte transversal, el mismo que se apoyó en una base de datos de tipo numérico. Resultados. Obteniendo como resultado una mayor prevalencia en el dolor articular con un 32,49%, seguido de lumbalgia 14,13%, patologías artrósicas 13.73% y dorsalgia 2,62%. Conclusiones. Al realizar la comparación entre varios estudios se pudo determinar que la edad más frecuente para presentar alteraciones musculoesqueléticas es de los 30 a 70 años de edad dentro de la población laboral, siendo a mayor edad, mayor prevalencia a incapacidad laboral.

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) encompass more than 150 pathologies that can affect the locomotor system, being considered by the World Health Organization (WHO) in the year 2021 as the main factor for work incapacity and requiring rehabilitation. These injuries occur suddenly and can become chronic diseases, which can affect socially, economically and occupationally. Objective. To establish the prevalence of the most frequent musculoskeletal alterations associated with incapacity for work in patients attending the Health Center in the province of Guayas. Materials and methods. This research work has a descriptive observational scope, with a quantitative approach and a non-experimental cross-sectional design, which was supported by a numerical database. Results. Obtaining as a result a higher prevalence of joint pain with 32.49%, followed by low back pain 14.13%, osteoarthritic pathologies 13.73% and dorsalgia 2.62%. Conclusions. When comparing several studies, it was possible to determine that the most frequent age for presenting musculoskeletal alterations is between 30 and 70 years of age within the working population, the older the age, the higher the prevalence of incapacity for work.

As doenças musculoesqueléticas (MSDs) abrangem mais de 150 patologias que podem afetar o sistema locomotor, sendo consideradas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) no ano 2021 como o principal fator de incapacidade de trabalho e que necessitam de reabilitação. Essas lesões ocorrem repentinamente e podem se tornar doenças crônicas, que podem afetar social, econômica e profissionalmente. Objetivo. Estabelecer a prevalência dos distúrbios musculoesqueléticos mais frequentes associados à incapacidade de trabalho em pacientes que frequentam o Centro de Saúde na província de Guayas. Materiais e métodos. Este trabalho de pesquisa tem um escopo observacional descritivo, com uma abordagem quantitativa e um projeto transversal não-experimental, que foi apoiado por um banco de dados numérico. Resultados. Obtendo como resultado uma maior prevalência de dores articulares com 32,49%, seguida de dores lombares baixas 14,13%, patologias artríticas 13,73% e dores nas costas 2,62%. Conclusões. Uma comparação entre vários estudos mostrou que a idade mais frequente para apresentar distúrbios musculoesqueléticos é entre 30 e 70 anos de idade na população trabalhadora, sendo que quanto maior a idade, maior a prevalência de incapacidade para o trabalho.

Hierarchy of Knowledge Translation: From Health Problems to Ad-Hoc Drug Design.

An innovative approach to analyze the complexity of translating novel molecular entities and nanomaterials into pharmaceutical alternatives (i.e., knowledge translation, KT) is discussed. First, some key concepts on the organization and translation of the biomedical knowledge (paradigms, homophily, power law distributions, hierarchy, modularity, and research fronts) are reviewed. Then, we propose a model for the knowledge translation (KT) in Drug Discovery that considers the complexity of interdisciplinary communication. Specifically, we address two highly relevant aspects: 1) A successful KT requires the emergence of organized bodies of inter-and transdisciplinary research, and 2) The hierarchical and modular topological organization of these bodies of knowledge. We focused on a set of previously-published studies on KT which rely on a combination of network analysis and computer-assisted analysis of the contents of scientific literature and patents. The selected studies provide a duo of complementary perspectives: the demand of knowledge (cervical cancer and Ebola hemorrhagic fever) and the supply of knowledge (liposomes and nanoparticles to treat cancer and the paradigmatic Doxil, the first nano- drug to be approved).

Inferring Contagion Patterns in Social Contact Networks with Limited Infection Data.

The spread of infectious disease is an inherently stochastic process. As such, real time control and prediction methods present a significant challenge. For diseases which spread through direct human interaction, (e.g., transferred from infected to susceptible individuals) the contagion process can be modeled on a social-contact network where individuals are represented as nodes, and contacts between individuals are represented as links. The model presented in this paper seeks to identify the infection pattern which depicts the current state of an ongoing outbreak. This is accomplished by inferring the most likely paths of infection through a contact network under the assumption of partially available infection data. The problem is formulated as a bi-linear integer program, and heuristic solution methods are developed based on sub-problems which can be solved much more efficiently. The heuristic performance is presented for a range of randomly generated networks and different levels of information. The model results, which include the most likely set of infection spreading contacts, can be used to provide insight into future epidemic outbreak patterns, and aid in the development of intervention strategies.

A predictive spatial model to quantify the risk of air-travel-associated dengue importation into the United States and europe.

The number of travel-acquired dengue infections has been on a constant rise in the United States and Europe over the past decade. An increased volume of international passenger air traffic originating from regions with endemic dengue contributes to the increasing number of dengue cases. This paper reports results from a network-based regression model which uses international passenger travel volumes, travel distances, predictive species distribution models (for the vector species), and infection data to quantify the relative risk of importing travel-acquired dengue infections into the US and Europe from dengue-endemic regions. Given the necessary data, this model can be used to identify optimal locations (origin cities, destination airports, etc.) for dengue surveillance. The model can be extended to other geographical regions and vector-borne diseases, as well as other network-based processes.