Combination of community acquired pneumonia with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: clinical peculiarities, production of active oxygen forms, general antioxidant blood status.

AIM: The objective is to study clinical peculiarities, production of active oxygen forms and general antioxidant blood status in patients with community acquired pneumonia and in its combination with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 59 patients hospitalized in patient department took part in the study. The first group included 32 patients with community acquired pneumonia (CAP).The second group included 27 patients with combination of community acquired pneumonia and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (CAP+COPD). Symptoms of the disease, clinico-laboratory data and findings of the instrumental investigations were analyzed in the patients. Production of active oxygen forms (AOF) in the whole blood was studied. General antioxidant status (AOS) was analyzed in the blood serum. RESULTS: The values of prognostic CRB-65 scale and clinical index of the severity of the condition were higher in patients with CAP+COPD compared to the patients with CAP. The reduction of spontaneous and induced by pyrogenal chemiluminescence (ChL) of blood has been found in the patients; this fact indicates decreased production of AOF by the cells. In patients with CAP general AOS of the blood was found to be increased but in patients with CAP+COPD it was decreased. After the course of treatment in patients with CAP+COPD symptoms of the disease remained, the level of C-reactive protein in serum was high and the level of AOS of blood was low, disturbances in the AOF production were observed. CONCLUSION: In patients with CAP+COPD in comparison with CAP patients the intensity of clinical symptoms was higher, the inflammatory process had a prolonged character, disturbances in the production of AOF and AOS of blood were more marked.

[Prospects for using biological markers in various types of urinary stone lithotripsy].

AIM: To investigate the feasibility of using biological markers for determining the optimal timing to repeat lithotripsy of urinary stones. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective, randomized, single-center cohort study of 100 patients randomized into 4 groups. Patients of group I (n=46), II (n=20), III (n=18) and IV (n=16) were used contact lithotripsy (URS), ESWL, PNL, combined lithotripsy. In all patients, before surgery and at 1, 7, 14, 20 days after lithotripsy, iron-induced urine chemiluminescence was measured to determine the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and concentration of medium-mass molecules (MMM) in urine. RESULTS: Analyzing the time of operation and the size of stones only in group I was detected the significant negative correlation (r=-0,479, p<0,05). In patients of all groups, the level of ROS have decreased after the surgery with further returning to baseline level. Dynamics of changes MMM in urine has not revealed a reliable change tendency. CONCLUSION: The definition of the quantity of ROS in urine is a promising criterion in measuring the degree of urinary system damage and the time for repeated lithotripsy. The level of ROS in the urine after URS, ESWL and the ESWL-URS combination returns to baseline on the 7th day and after PNL on the 14th day postoperatively, thus allowing to pathogenetically define the optimal timing of repeat lithotripsy.

[The rate of free-radical oxidation in hereditary motor-sensor neuropathies and myotonic dystrophy].

The rate of free-radical oxidation in the blood of patients with hereditary motor-sensor neuropathies (HMSN) and myotonic dystrophy (MD) type I was evaluated by the generation of active oxygen forms, the content of the products of lipid peroxidation and the total blood antioxidant activity. The change in the generation of active oxygen forms was characterized by the increase in the spontaneous blood chemiluminescence in patients with HMSN compared to controls. In patients with MD, the concentration of the products reacted with thiobarbituric acid was identified. In most cases, no correlations between the parameters studied and clinical/genetic characteristics were found. This fact suggests that the changes are individual and the prescription of drugs with antioxidant activity to patients with HMSN and MD should be substantiated.

[Effect of mucolytic therapy on the production of reactive oxygen species in the blood of patients with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

AIM: To study the production of active oxygen forms (AOF) in the blood of patients with an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the effect of the mycolytic agent Ambroxol on this process. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifty-two patients with an exacerbation of COPD were examined. The patients were divided into 2 groups: 1) a study group (n = 25) received conventional therapy (antibiotics, bronchodilators, glucocorticosteroids) and Ambroxol inhalation; 2) a control group (n = 27) had conventional therapy and placebo (saline) inhalation. The blood production of AOF was studied by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) assay. RESULTS: The intensity of whole blood CL was increased in patients with COPD. Ambroxol therapy reduced blood AOF generation and improved clinical parameters. On the contrary, the high intensity of blood CL remained and a slowing trend in the symptoms of the disease was noted in the control group. CONCLUSION: The use of Ambroxol in COPD exacerbations corrected AOF production in the blood of the patients and enhanced the efficiency of their treatment.

[Molecular markers of ejaculate fertility in officers of Internal Affairs Ministry Special Forces, if under battle stress].

The article presents results of studies in males participated in anti-terrorist military operations in local conflict areas. Findings are intact general spermogram parameters with lower serum and/or ejaculate levels of glycodeline and inhibin B--that is a precondition for high risk reproductive disorders under battle stress.

[Effect of propolis bioflavonoids on lipoperoxidation processes in the gonads of rats intoxicated by polychlorinated biphenyls].

The check of a hypothesis about possible participation oxidative stress to infringement of fertility is spent at a poisoning polychlorbefeniles. Increased ability to generation of reactive oxygen species by morphologically defective spermatozoa has been revealed. There is a decrease of total antioxidizing activity of testis. Is shown antioxidant activity bioflavonoids of propolis.

[Association of surgical treatment and oxygen active forms with fertility at patients with varicocele].

Study group consisted of 115 patients with varicocele undergone laparoscopic clipping of left seminal vein, control group--121 patients after Ivanisevich's operation. Chemiluminescence of seminal fluid with detection of oxygen active forms were studied at all the patients before surgery, in 14 and 72 days after it. Volume of ejaculate, concentration, mobility and morphology of spermatozoa were also examined. It is demonstrated that level of oxygen active forms may be regarded as criteria of efficacy of surgical treatment. Laparoscopic clipping of left seminal vein demonstrates better results (less postoperative complications and recurrences) compared with Ivanisevich's operation.

Free radical oxidation in rat brain during chronic stress and pharmacological regulation of this process.

We studied free radical oxidation in the brain and blood serum from experimental animals exposed to chronic stress and receiving psychotropic drugs (phenazepam, Atarax, Fluanxol, and valerian). Chronic stress was accompanied by activation of free radical oxidation, which could be modulated by psychotropic drugs.

[An examination method for chemiluminescence of whole-blood leucocytes]. / Metod izucheniia khemoliuministsentsii leikotsitov tsel'noi krovi.

The chemiluminescence examination methods have been limited in use due to a lack of standard techniques for the preparation and storage of biological samples. The methods of sampling the blood and the conditions of its storage and transportation as well as other factors essentially affect the functional state of cells through activating them. The suggested technique keeps the values of blood chemiluminescence stable for 2 hours in measurements of spontaneous chemiluminescence and for 6 hours in measurements of stimulated chemiluminescence. For the purpose, whole blood is mixed, in test-tubes, with a 0.27% solution of disodium EDTA. It is stored in refrigerator at 0 to 5 degrees C. Blood is diluted by Henk solution and luminol for measurements.

[The effect of some medications used in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases on free radical oxidation in the model systems]. / Vliianie nekorotykh preparatov, ispol'zuemykh v lechenii tserebrovaskuliarnykh rasstroistv, na protsessy svobodnoradikal'nogo okilseniia v model'nykh sistemakh.

The effect of 5 medications used in the treatment of ischemic brain lesions on free radical oxidation was studied. The efficacy level was evaluated by chemoluminescent changes in the model systems generating active oxygen species and lipid peroxides radicals. The most active antioxidants inhibiting chemo luminescence proved to be mexidol, cavinton, instenon. Piracetam acts less effectively. Actovegin did not practically display any antioxidant activity. Thus, the medications studied have different effect on free radical oxidation, dysregulation of which underlies many neurological diseases i.e. ischemic blood circulation disorders.

[Total antioxidant activity of the lacrimal fluid]. / Summarnaia antiokislitel'naia aktivnost' sleznoi zhidkosti.

Total antioxidant activity of the lacrimal fluid (TAALF) was studied by luminol-dependent iron-induced chemiluminescence in an original model system on citrate phosphate buffer. Total antioxidant activity was estimated in percent of control (light sum of the model system fluorescence). The mean decrease of the light sum of the model system fluorescence in the presence of normal human lacrimal fluid supernatant was more than 50%, in glaucoma 67.2 +/- 4.43%, in cataract 58.5 +/- 2.61%, and in uveitis 76.9 +/- 1.13% of control. Traditional therapy of uveitis was associated with an increase of TAALF. Use of the proposed method for TAALF evaluation together with clinical data allows justified and individual antioxidant treatment of patients with ocular diseases and helps monitor the treatment efficiency. The study is noninvasive, cheap, and simple, which recommends evaluation of TAALF in clinical practice as a rapid test indicating the level of free radical oxidation in ocular tissues.

[Efficiency of laser therapy in patients with nonspecific pulmonary diseases]. / Effektivnost' lazeroterapii u bol'nykh nespetsificheskimi zabolevaniiami legkikh.

Generation of active oxygen forms (AOF) in whole blood was studied in 63 patients with acute pneumonia and 72 asthmatics by chemiluminescence (CL) registration. CL intensity depended on the intensity of inflammatory process. Groups of patients with high and low blood CL were distinguished. In 35 patients intravascular laser exposure of the blood (ILEB) was added to therapeutic complexes. Disorders of free radical oxidation persisted for a long time in the majority of patients with high CL of the blood, treated by ILEB; in many cases the inflammatory process acquired a protracted pattern. By contrast, in patients with low intensity of blood CL, ILEB stimulated the generation of AOF and increased the treatment efficiency. Hence, whole blood CL can serve as a criterion of ILEB prescription and can be used for monitoring the patient's status during laser therapy.

[Characteristics of expression of active oxygen forms by blood cells in patients with chronic bronchitis]. / Osobennosti ékspressii aktivnykh form kisloroda kletkami krovi u bol'nykh khronicheskim bronkhitom.

AIM: To study generation of active oxygen forms in the whole blood of patients with chronic bronchitis and correction of the detected disorders. MATERIAL AND METHODS: By means of registration of spontaneous and staphylococcus-induced luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (LDCL) of the whole blood, generation of active oxygen forms in 73 patients with chronic bronchitis (CB) has been studied. RESULTS: By the intensity of luminescence, all the examinees were divided into two groups. In group 1 LDCL was high, in group 2 LDCL was under the control level. Combined treatment of group 1 patients included inhalations of ceruloplasmin antioxidant. Patients of group 2 were administered sodium hypochlorite that possesses prooxidation properties. Compared to conventional treatment, the above two treatments produced marked positive changes in the studied indices and clinical symptoms. CONCLUSION: The method of chemiluminescence registration of the whole blood allows validation of pathogenetic therapy of patients with CB and improves outcomes of the treatment.

[Identification of high-risk groups at the examination of workers engaged in oil-refining industry]. / Vyiavlenie grupp povyshennogo riska pri obsledovanii rabotnikov neftepererabatyvaiushchei promyshlennosti.

The health status of workers engaged in oil-refining industry was studied. The workers contacting with chemicals were found to have changes in the red blood cell adenyl system, blood and urine chemiluminescence, and monooxygenase system.

[Luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of whole blood in children often falling ill]. / Liuminolzavisimaia khemiliuminestsentsiia tsel'noi krovi u chasto boleiushchikh detei.

The functional activity of blood phagocytes, producing active oxygen forms (AOF), was studied by recording the spontaneous and prodigiosan-stimulated luminol-dependent chemiluminescence (CL) of whole blood in 120 children aged 3-8 years, frequently falling ill, during remission. Three types of ratios of spontaneous and stimulated CL were distinguished, associated with different clinical patterns of acute respiratory disease: 1) increased spontaneous and stimulated CL, 2) decreased spontaneous and stimulated CL, and 3) increased spontaneous and low stimulated CL. Studies of luminol-dependent CL of whole blood helped evaluate the functional activity of blood phagocytes producing AOF and develop the treatment strategy.

[Effectiveness of halotherapy of chronic bronchitis patients]. / Effektiv nost' galoterapii bol'nykh khronicheskim bronkhitom.

The chemoluminescence test in 49 patients with lingering inflammatory chronic bronchitis has revealed inhibition of generation of active oxygen forms in the whole blood, intensification of lipid peroxidation in the serum, depression of local immunity. Administration of halotherapy to the above patients results in correction of disturbances of free-radical oxidation, improves local immunity and clinical course of the disease.

[Effects of halotherapy on free radical oxidation in patients with chronic bronchitis]. / Vliianie galoterapii na protsessy svobodnoradikal'nogo okisleniia u bol'nykh khronicheskim bronkhitom.

Registration of luminol-dependent chemoluminescence of blood cells and iron-induced chemoluminescence of the serum was used to study generation of active oxygen forms and lipid peroxidation in patients with chronic bronchitis (CB). 49 patients with lingering CB showed inhibition of blood cell function and enhancement of lipid peroxidation. The addition of halotherapy to combined treatment of these patients promoted correction of the disorders and improvement of CB course.