RESUMEN
The gold standard treatment for non-metastatic upper tract urothelial cancer (UTUC) is represented by radical nephroureterectomy (RNU). The choice of surgical technique in performing UTUC surgery continues to depend on several factors, including the location and extent of the tumor, the patient's overall health, and very importantly, the surgeon's skill, experience, and preference. Although open and laparoscopic approaches are well-established treatments, evidence regarding robot-assisted radical nephroureterectomy (RANU) is growing. Aim of our study was to perform a critical review on the evidence of the last 5 years regarding surgical techniques and outcomes of minimally invasive RNU, mostly focusing on RANU. Reported oncological and function outcomes suggest that minimally invasive RNU is safe and effective, showing similar survival rates compared to the open approach.
RESUMEN
Gout is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperuricemia and deposition of monosodium urate crystals in the joint spaces and other extraarticular locations. We report the case of a 40-year-old male who presented for consultation regarding gouty tophi on the phallus, an unusual location for tophi deposition, which was resolved with surgical removal. We provide a brief review of the pathophysiology of gout and its treatment modalities, both medical and surgical.
