Unveiling the interactions between biomaterials and heterocyclic dyes: A sustainable approach for wastewater treatment.

The present Review investigates the interactions between biomaterials and heterocyclic dyes, focusing on their potential application in sustainable wastewater treatment. Heterocyclic dyes are widely used in various industries, resulting in their widespread presence in wastewater, posing environmental challenges. This review explores the utilization of biomaterials as adsorbents for the removal of heterocyclic dyes from contaminated water sources. The interactions between biomaterials, such as cellulose, microfibrilated cellulose and lignin and different heterocyclic dyes are examined through reported experimental analysis and characterization techniques. The study evaluates the adsorption capacity, kinetics, and thermodynamics of the biomaterial-dye systems to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and optimize the treatment process. The review highlight the promising potential of biomaterial-based approaches for sustainable wastewater treatment, providing insights for the development of efficient and environmentally friendly dye removal technologies.

Application of zeolite based nanocomposites for wastewater remediation: Evaluating newer and environmentally benign approaches.

The presence of heavy metal ions and emerging pollutants in water poses a great risk to various biological ecosystems as a result of their high toxicity. Consequently, devising efficient and environmentally friendly methods to decontaminate these waters is of high interest to many researchers around the world. Among the varied water treatment and desalination means, adsorption and photocatalysis have been widely employed. However, the discussion and analysis of the use of zeolite-based composites as adsorbents are somehow minimal. The porous aluminosilicates (zeolites) are excellent candidates in wastewater treatment owing to various mechanisms of pollutants removal that they possess. The purpose of this review is thus to provide a synopsis of the current developments in the fabrication and application of nanocomposites based on zeolite as adsorbents and photocatalysts for the extraction of heavy metals, dyes and emerging pollutants from wastewaters. The review goes on to look into the effect of weight ratio on photocatalyst, photodegradation pathways, and various factors that influence photocatalysis and adsorption.

Vacancy-induced interfacial ferromagnetic features in SmFeO3-filled graphitic carbon foam.

We report a novel structural and magnetic investigation of carbon foam (CFM) materials filled with SmFeO3 crystals produced by (1) high temperature fusion between Sm2O3- and Fe3C-filled carbon onions and (2) annealing of iron filled CFM with nanosized Sm2O3. Presence of a defect-rich monolayer-like CFM arrangement characterized by sharp interfaces with a SmFeO3 single-crystal phase is demonstrated through TEM and HRTEM. Further, the presence of intense sp3-rich features with variable carbonate content is evidenced by XPS and Raman spectroscopy. Complementary VSM, SQUID and ESR show also presence of intrinsic magnetization features which appeared to be attributable to the interfacial vacancy-rich regions of the graphitic CFM layers, as confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Together with these signals, possible ferromagnetic contributions from the SmFeO3 phase and α-Fe impurities are reported. These observations highlight therefore the presence of switchable interfacial magnetization features at the carbon/SmFeO3 interface due to the variable concentrations of vacancies at the CFM interface, opening new directions towards applications in magnetic and interfacial-driven ferroelectric devices.