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Biochem J ; 473(21): 3805-3818, 2016 Nov 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27538402

RESUMEN

The gastrointestinal tract is the largest hormone-producing organ in the body due to a specialized cell population called enteroendocrine cells (EECs). The number of EECs increases in the mucosa of inflammatory bowel disease patients; however, the mechanisms responsible for these changes remain unknown. Here, we show that the pro-inflammatory cytokines interferon γ (IFNγ) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) or dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis increase the number of EECs producing chromogranin A (CgA) in the colonic mucosa of C57BL/6J mice. CgA-positive cells were non-proliferating cells enriched with inactive phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) and autophagy markers. Moreover, inhibition of Akt and autophagy prevented the increase in CgA-positive cells after IFNγ/TNFα treatment. Similarly, we observed that CgA-positive cells in the colonic mucosa of patients with colitis expressed Akt and autophagy markers. These findings suggest that Akt signaling and autophagy control differentiation of the intestinal EEC lineage during inflammation.


Asunto(s)
Cromogranina A/metabolismo , Colon/citología , Citocinas/farmacología , Epitelio/efectos de los fármacos , Epitelio/metabolismo , Células Neuroendocrinas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Neuroendocrinas/metabolismo , Animales , Autofagia/efectos de los fármacos , Western Blotting , Células CACO-2 , Colitis/metabolismo , Técnica del Anticuerpo Fluorescente , Humanos , Interferón gamma/farmacología , Interleucina-1beta/farmacología , Mucosa Intestinal/citología , Mucosa Intestinal/metabolismo , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt/metabolismo , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/farmacología
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