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To investigate vascular endothelium damage in rats exposed to hypoxic and cold and the effect of salidroside in protecting against this damage. A rat isolated aortic ring hypoxia/cold model was established to simulate exposure to hypoxic and cold. The levels of endothelial cell injury markers were measured by ELISA. TEM was performed to observe the ultrastructure of vascular ring endothelial cells. In vitro assays were performed to verify the effect of salidroside on endothelial cells. CCK-8 and flow cytometry were performed to analyze endothelial cell survival and apoptosis, respectively. Ca2+ concentrations were measured by Flow cytometry, and the expressions of NOS/NO pathway-related proteins were measured by WB. Endothelial cell damage, mitochondrial swelling, autophagy, and apoptosis were increased in the hypoxia group and hypoxia/hypothermia group. All of these effects were inhibited by salidroside. Moreover, exposure to cold combined with hypoxia reduced the NO levels, Ca2+ concentrations and NOS/NO pathway-related protein expression in the hypoxia group and hypoxia/hypothermia group. Salidroside treatment reversed these changes. Salidroside protected against endothelial cell injury induced by cold and hypoxia through reduction of Ca2+-CaM-CAMKII-dependent eNOS/NO activation, thereby preventing mitochondrial damage, reducing ROS levels, and inhibiting apoptosis.
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Semen quality is an important indicator that can directly affect fertility. In mammals, miRNAs in seminal plasma extracellular vesicles (SPEVs) and sperms can regulate semen quality. However, relevant regulatory mechanism in duck sperms remains largely unclear. In this study, duck SPEVs were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), western blot (WB), and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA). To identify the important molecules affecting semen quality, we analysed the miRNA expression in sperms and SPEVs of male ducks in high semen quality group ((DHS, DHSE) and low semen quality group (DLS, DLSE). We identified 94 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in the comparison of DHS vs. DLS, and 21 DE miRNAs in DHSE vs. DLSE. Target genes of SPEVs DE miRNAs were enriched in ErbB signaling pathway, glycometabolism, and ECM-receptor interaction pathways (P < 0.05), while the target genes of sperm DE miRNAs were enriched in ribosome (P < 0.05). The miRNA-target-pathway interaction network analyses indicated that 5 DE miRNAs (miR-34c-5p, miR-34b-3p, miR-449a, miR-31-5p, and miR-128-1-5p) targeted the largest number of target genes enriched in MAPK, Wnt and calcium signaling pathways, of which FZD9 and ANAPC11 were involved in multiple biological processes related to sperm functions, indicating their regulatory effects on sperm quality. The comparison of DE miRNAs of SPEVs and sperms found that mir-31-5p and novel-273 could potentially serve as biomarkers for semen quality detection. Our findings enhance the insight into the crucial role of SPEV and sperm miRNAs in regulating semen quality and provide a new perspective for subsequent studies.
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Patos , Vesículas Extracelulares , MicroARNs , Análisis de Semen , Semen , Espermatozoides , Animales , Masculino , Patos/fisiología , Patos/genética , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Análisis de Semen/veterinaria , Vesículas Extracelulares/metabolismo , Semen/fisiología , Semen/química , Espermatozoides/fisiologíaRESUMEN
This study represents the initial examination of the herbicidal efficacy, crop safety, and degradation patterns of 2,4-D ethylhexyl ester (2,4-D EHE) at the enantiomeric level. Baseline separation of 2,4-D EHE enantiomers was achieved using a superchiral R-AD column, with their absolute configurations determined through chemical reaction techniques. Evaluation of weed control efficacy against sensitive species such as sun spurge and flixweed demonstrated significantly higher inhibition rates for S-2,4-D EHE compared to R-2,4-D EHE. Conversely, no stereoselectivity was observed in the fresh-weight inhibition rates of both enantiomers on crops or nonsensitive weeds. A sensitive HPLC-MS/MS method was developed to simultaneously detect two enantiomers and the metabolite 2,4-D in plants. Investigation into degradation kinetics revealed no substantial difference in the half-lives of R- and S-2,4-D EHE in maize and flixweed. Notably, the metabolite 2,4-D exhibited prolonged persistence at elevated levels on flixweed, while it degraded rapidly on maize.
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Herbicidas , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Zea mays , Zea mays/química , Zea mays/metabolismo , Herbicidas/química , Herbicidas/farmacología , Herbicidas/metabolismo , Estereoisomerismo , Ácido 2,4-Diclorofenoxiacético/química , Ácido 2,4-Diclorofenoxiacético/metabolismo , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Malezas/efectos de los fármacos , Malezas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Malezas/metabolismo , Malezas/química , Cinética , Ésteres/química , Ésteres/farmacología , Ésteres/metabolismo , Araceae/química , Araceae/efectos de los fármacos , Araceae/metabolismoRESUMEN
Everolimus, a known inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), has shown uncertain efficacy in treating hepatoblastoma. This study delves into the potential anti-hepatoblastoma properties of everolimus and its intricate relationship with autophagy and ferroptosis, both in vitro and in vivo. In vivo, tumor tissue from hepatoblastoma patient and human hepatoblastoma cell line HuH-6 were xenografted into nude mice to establish xenograft models for observing the effect of everolimus on tumor growth. In vitro, HuH-6 cells were cultured to evaluate the anti-hepatoblastoma activity of everolimus. Transmission electron microscopy and microtubule-associated proteins 1 light chain 3 (LC3), beclin 1, and p62 protein expressions were employed to investigate autophagy. Additionally, indicators of cell apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proteins associated with ferroptosis were measured to evaluate ferroptosis. The results demonstrate that everolimus treatment effectively induced the formation of autophagosomes in hepatoblastoma cells, upregulated the LC3II/I ratio and beclin 1 expression, and downregulated p62 expression, indicating an enhanced autophagy level both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, everolimus treatment induced cell apoptosis, increased ROS level, elevated concentrations of malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal, and iron content, while reducing the ratio of glutathione/oxidized glutathione, and downregulating the protein expression of glutathione peroxidase 4 and solute carrier family 7 member 11, suggesting its ability to induce ferroptosis in hepatoblastoma cells. Importantly, the induction of ferroptosis by everolimus was significantly reversed in the presence of autophinib, an autophagy inhibitor, indicating the autophagy-dependent of everolimus-induced ferroptosis. Taken together, these findings suggest that everolimus holds promise as an effective anti-hepatoblastoma drug, with its mechanism of action potentially involving the induction of autophagy-dependent ferroptosis in hepatoblastoma cells.
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Ferroptosis , Hepatoblastoma , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Animales , Ratones , Humanos , Everolimus/farmacología , Hepatoblastoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Beclina-1 , Ratones Desnudos , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Autofagia , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , MamíferosRESUMEN
DNA methylation plays a key role in sex determination and differentiation in vertebrates. However, there are few studies on DNA methylation involved in chicken gonad development, and most focused on male hypermethylated regions (MHM). It is unclear whether there are specific differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in chicken embryonic gonads regulating sex determination and differentiation. Here, the DNA methylation maps showed that the difference of DNA methylation level between sexes was much higher at embryonic day 10 (E10) than that at embryonic day 6 (E6), and the significant differentially methylated regions at both stages were mainly distributed on the Z chromosome, including MHM1 and MHM2. The results of bisulphite sequencing PCR (BSP) and qRT-PCR showed hypomethylation of female MHM and upregulation of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) whose promoter in the MHM region was consistent with the sequencing results, and similar results were in brain and muscle. In female sex-reversed gonads, the methylation pattern of MHM remained unchanged, and the expression levels of the three candidate lncRNAs were significantly decreased compared with those in females, but were significantly increased compared to males. The fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results also showed that these lncRNAs were highly expressed in female embryonic gonads. The results of methyltransferase inhibitor and dual-luciferase reporter assay suggest that lncRNA expression may be regulated by DNA methylation within their promoters. Therefore, we speculated that MHM may be involved in cell-autonomous sex identity in chickens, and that lncRNAs regulated by MHM may be involved in female sexual differentiation.
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Pollos , ARN Largo no Codificante , Embrión de Pollo , Femenino , Animales , Masculino , Pollos/genética , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , ARN Largo no Codificante/metabolismo , Hibridación Fluorescente in Situ , Metilación de ADN , GónadasRESUMEN
Nanozymes, emerging nanomaterials for wound healing, exhibit enzyme-like activity to modulate the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) at wound sites. Yet, the solo regulation of endogenous ROS by nanozymes often falls short, particularly in chronic refractory wounds with complex and variable pathological microenvironments. In this study, we report the development of a multifunctional wound dressing integrating a conventional alginate (Alg) hydrogel with a newly developed biodegradable copper hydrogen phosphate (CuP) nanozyme, which possesses good near-infrared (NIR) photothermal conversion capabilities, sustained Cu ion release ability, and pH-responsive peroxidase/catalase-mimetic catalytic activity. When examining acute infected wounds characterized by a low pH environment, the engineered Alg/CuP composite hydrogels demonstrated high bacterial eradication efficacy against both planktonic bacteria and biofilms, attributed to the combined action of catalytically generated hydroxyl radicals and the sustained release of Cu ions. In contrast, when applied to chronic diabetic wounds, which typically have a high pH environment, these composite hydrogels exhibit significant angiogenic performance. This is driven by the provision of catalytically generated dissolved oxygen and a beneficial supplement of Cu ions released from the degradable CuP nanozyme. Further, a mild thermal effect induced by NIR irradiation amplifies the catalytic activities and bioactivity of Cu ions, thereby enhancing the healing process of both infected and diabetic wounds. Our study validates that the synergistic integration of photothermal effects, catalytic activity, and released Cu ions can concurrently yield high antibacterial efficiency and tissue regenerative activity, rendering it highly promising for various clinical applications in wound healing.
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Cobre , Diabetes Mellitus , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno , Vendajes , Alginatos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Iones , Concentración de Iones de HidrógenoRESUMEN
Neuroinflammation is considered to have a prominent role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Microglia are the resident macrophages of the central nervous system, and modulating microglia activation is a promising strategy to prevent AD. Essential oil of Jasminum grandiflorum L. flowers is commonly used in folk medicine for the relief of mental pressure and disorders, and analyzing the volatile compound profiles and evaluating the inhibitory effects of J. grandiflorum L. essential oil (JGEO) on the excessive activation of microglia are valuable for its application. This study aims to explore the potential active compounds in JGEO for treating AD by inhibiting microglia activation-integrated network pharmacology, molecular docking, and the microglia model. A headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry procedure was used to analyze the volatile characteristics of the compounds in J. grandiflorum L. flowers at 50°C, 70°C, 90°C, and 100°C for 50 min, respectively. A network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking were used to predict the key compounds, key targets, and binding energies based on the detected compounds in JGEO. In the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV-2 cell model, the cells were treated with 100 ng/mL of LPS and JGEO at 7.5, 15.0, and 30 µg/mL, and then, the morphological changes, the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species, and the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1ß, and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 of BV-2 cells were analyzed. A total of 34 compounds with significantly different volatilities were identified. α-Hexylcinnamaldehyde, nerolidol, hexahydrofarnesyl acetone, dodecanal, and decanal were predicted as the top five key compounds, and SRC, EGFR, VEGFA, HSP90AA1, and ESR1 were the top five key targets. In addition, the binding energies between them were less than -3.9 kcal/mol. BV-2 cells were activated by LPS with morphological changes, and JGEO not only could clearly reverse the changes but also significantly inhibited the production of NO and reactive oxygen species and suppressed the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1ß, and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1. The findings indicate that JGEO could inhibit the overactivation of microglia characterized by decreasing the neuroinflammatory and oxidative stress responses through the multi-compound and multi-target action modes, which support the traditional use of JGEO in treating neuroinflammation-related disorders.
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Vital pulp therapy (VPT) is considered a conservative treatment for preserving pulp viability in caries-induced dental pulp infections. However, bacterial contamination negatively affects dentine-pulp complex repair. The common capping materials show limited antimicrobial effects against some microorganisms. To improve the VPT efficacy, capping materials with increased antibacterial properties and enhanced odontogenic and angiogenic activities are needed. Herein, a SrCuSi4 O10 /gelatin methacrylate(SC/Gel) composite hydrogel has been proposed for infected dental pulp treatment. SrCuSi4 O10 (SC) is a microscale bioceramic composed of assembled multilayered nanosheets that possesses good near-infrared photothermal conversion ability and multiple bioactivities due to sustained Sr2+ , Cu2+ , and SiO3 2- ion release. It is shown that the SC/Gel composite hydrogel efficiently eliminates Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus casei and inhibits biofilm formation under photothermal heating, while the ion extract from SC promotes odontogenesis of rat dental pulp stem cells and angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The as-designed therapeutic effect of SC/Gel composite hydrogel-mediated VPT has been proven in a rat dental pulp infection model and yielded improved dentine-pulp complex repair compared with the commercially used iRoot® BP Plus. This study suggests that the SC/Gel composite hydrogel is a potential pulp-capping material with improved effects on dentine-pulp complex repair in infected pulp.
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Pulpa Dental , Hidrogeles , Humanos , Ratas , Animales , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Células Endoteliales , Regeneración , Antibacterianos/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Objective: Treatment of burn wound healing involves infection, nutrition, psychology and rehabilitation, and proper nutritional support can promote wound healing, enhance immune function and reduce the incidence of complications. This study aimed to investigate the effects of feed containing yak meat on scalded rats' body condition and wound healing. Methods: Adopting a two-factor factorial design, the growth performance, food intake, body weight, and Lee's index of rats were measured. The wound conditions of scalded rats with different feeds (basic, basic + yak meat, and basic + yellow beef) were observed at different periods, and their wounds' hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining states were detected. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)-positive cells and apoptosis were analyzed to evaluate the effects of feed on the wound healing of scalded rats. Results: The feed intake was the highest in the yellow beef feed group and the lowest in the yak meat feed group. The body weight was the highest in the yak meat feed group and the lowest in the yellow beef feed group. Furthermore, 45 days after scalding, the obesity index in the yak beef feed group was the closest to that of the rats before scalding. The wound recovery of the rats in the yak meat feed group was the best at 30 days, and the H&E staining results also proved that the recovery effect of the scalded rats in the yak meat feed group was better than other two groups. According to the results of PCNA and apoptosis, the yak meat feed group had lower positive cell rate and faster wound healing. Conclusion: The rats in the yak meat feed group recovered better than those in the other groups, and the yak beef feed had the best effect on the wound healing of the scalded rats.
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In clinical practice, the utilization of antibiotics is still the main approach for the treatment of wound contamination, which lacks the ability to accelerate wound healing and arises the global concern of antimicrobial resistance. Plenty of alternative methods have been explored in recent years due to the fast development of material science. Here, CuO/SiO2 nanowires (CuSi NWs) with good near-infrared (NIR) photothermal conversion ability are synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method. The as-prepared CuSi NWs possess excellent antibacterial ability against both Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), which could be enhanced by the assistance of mild photothermal therapy (PTT). Moreover, CuSi NWs at suitable concentrations can promote proliferation, migration, and angiogenic gene expression of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), exhibiting a remarkable pro-vascularization ability. The in vivo mouse infect model further proves that the CuSi NWs might be a good candidate for the treatment of infected wounds as the high antibacterial efficiency and accelerated wound healing is obtained.
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In clinical practice, it has become urgent to develop multifunctional wound dressings that can combat infection and prompt wound healing simultaneously. In this study, we proposed a polydopamine/alginate/nanoselenium composite hydrogel (Alg-PDA-Se) for the treatment of infected wounds. In particular, polydopamine endows the composite hydrogel with controllable near-infrared photothermal properties, while low-dosage selenium nanoparticles (Se NPs) offer excellent anti-oxidation, anti-inflammatory, pro-proliferative, pro-migration, and pro-angiogenic performances, which are verified by multiple cells, including macrophages, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. More interestingly, the combination of mild temperature with low-dosage Se NPs produces a synergistic effect on combating both Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) and promoting the healing of bacteria-infected wounds in vivo. We anticipate that the designed composite hydrogel might be a potential candidate for anti-infection bioactive dressing.
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Calor , Infección de Heridas , Humanos , Hidrogeles/farmacología , Células Endoteliales , Escherichia coli , Staphylococcus aureus , Alginatos , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Infección de Heridas/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
The improvement of reproductive capacity of poultry is important for the poultry industry. The existing studies on reproductive capacity mainly focus on the testis tissue, but few reports on regulationary effect of brain neuroendocrime on reproductive capacity have been available. The hypothalamus-pituitarium-gonad (HPG) axis is an important pathway regulating spermatogenesis and sexual behavior. This study analyzed the gene expression in the hypothalamus and pituitary tissues of male ducks in high-semen-quality group (DH), low-semen-quality group (DL), and non-response group (DN) by RNA-sequencing. A total of 1980 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, and significantly less DEGs were found in pituitary gland than in hypothalamus. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses showed that these DEGs were mainly enriched in nerve-related and synapse-related biological processes, mitochondrial inner membrane formation pathway, and ribosome structure pathway. Notably, the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway significantly enriched in all three comparisons (DH vs. DL, DH vs. DN, and DL vs. DN) was related to different reproductive performance such as semen quality and sexual response. Furthermore, six genes, including POMC, CPLX2, HAPLN2, EGR4, TOX3, and MSH4, were identified as candidate genes regulating reproductive capacity. Our findings provide new insights into the regulation mechanisms underlying the reproductive performance of male poultry, and offer a valuable reference for duck breeding programs aimed at promoting reproductive capacity.
Individual reproductive capacity is crucial to poultry breeding and reproduction. The hypothalamuspituitariumgonad (HPG) axis is an important pathway regulating animal spermatogenesis and sexual behavior. This study identified the neuroactive ligandreceptor interaction pathway as the potential biological pathway regulating the semen quality and sexual behavior by differential transcriptome analysis of the hypothalamus and pituitarium of male ducks. Genes including proopiomelanocortin (POMC), complexin 2 (CPLX2), hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 2 (HAPLN2), early growth response 4 (EGR4), tox high mobility group box family member 3 (TOX3), and muts homolog 4 (MSH4) were identified as key candidate genes affecting the HPG axis. Our findings provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying reproductive performance in male poultry and offer a reference for breeding programs aimed to improve reproductive performance in ducks.
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Patos , Transcriptoma , Masculino , Animales , Patos/genética , Análisis de Semen/veterinaria , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica/veterinaria , Hipotálamo/metabolismoRESUMEN
Objective: To use the logistic regression model to evaluate the value of ultrasound characteristics in the Ovarian-Adnexal Reporting and Data System ultrasound lexicon in determining ovarian solid component-containing mass benignancy/malignancy. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 172 patients with adnexal masses discovered by ultrasound, and diagnosis was confirmed by postoperative pathological tests from January 2019 to December 2021. Thirteen ovarian tumor-related parameters in the benign and malignant ovarian tumor groups were selected for univariate analyses. Statistically significant parameters were included in multivariate logistic regression analyses to construct a logistic regression diagnosis model, and the diagnostic performance of the model in predicting ovarian malignancies was calculated. Results: Of the 172 adnexal tumors, 104 were benign, and 68 were malignant. There were differences in cancer antigen 125, maximum mass diameter, maximum solid component diameter, multilocular cyst with solid component, external contour, whether acoustic shadows were present in the solid component, number of papillae, vascularity, presence/absence of ascites, and presence/absence of peritoneal thickening or nodules between the benign ovarian tumor and malignancy groups (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analyses showed that maximum solid component diameter, whether acoustic shadows were present in the solid component, number of papillae, and presence/absence of ascites were included in the logistic regression model, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for this regression model in predicting ovarian malignancy was 0.962 (95% confidence interval: 0.933~0.990; p < 0.001). Logit (p) ≥ -0.02 was used as the cutoff value, and the prediction accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive values were 93.6%, 86.8%, 98.1%, 96.7%, and 91.9%, respectively. Conclusion: The logistic regression model containing the maximum solid component diameter, whether acoustic shadows were present in the solid component, number of papillae, and presence/absence of ascites can help in determining the benignancy/malignancy of solid component-containing masses.
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Enfermedades de los Anexos , Neoplasias Ováricas , Femenino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Ascitis/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Neoplasias Ováricas/patología , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
Many expression data showed miRNAs have a potential function on regulating gonadal differentiation in animals, but their function is rarely studied in vivo, especially in chickens. Using the comprehensive expression profiles analysis, the specific male-biased miR-2954, which is significantly higher expressed in male embryos and gonads at all detected stages, was firstly screened during the early stages of chicken embryogenesis and gonadogenesis. In sex-reversed female gonads treated with aromatase inhibitors, the expression of miR-2954 was increased, which was consistent with the up-regulation of DMRT1 and SOX9. The injection of vivo-morpholino of miR-2954 significantly inhibited the expression of miR-2954 in chicken embryos, and the down-regulation of miR-2954 decreased the expression of testis-associated genes DMRT1 and SOX9, while the expression of ovary-associated genes and the gonadal morphology did not change obviously. These results confirm that miR-2954 coincides with testicular differentiation in chicken embryos, but whether it might be an upstream cell autonomous factor to sex development in birds still need to be further determined.
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Pollos , MicroARNs , Embrión de Pollo , Animales , Femenino , Masculino , Pollos/genética , Pollos/metabolismo , Diferenciación Sexual/genética , Procesos de Determinación del Sexo , Gónadas/metabolismo , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismoRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the protective effects of salidroside on endothelial cells in rats with frostbite after chronic hypoxia. Methods: Healthy male SD rats, randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 rats in each group, which included the sham injury group, the model group, and the model +salidroside group. The rats in each group were placed in a composite low-pressure chamber to simulate a environment with a pressure of 54.1 kpa and a temperature of 23~25°C. The rats were exposed to hypoxia under these conditions for 14 days, during the experimental time the rats in the model+salidroside group were treated with 50 mg/kg salidroside daily. After the rats were removed from the low-pressure chamber, except for the sham injury group, frozen iron sheets were applied tightly to the back of the rats for 30 s, supplemented with low temperature for frostbite modeling. Blood and skin tissues were collected at 12 hours after modeling for testing. The structural changes in tissue and vascular endothelial cells were observed in the frostbite region. Vascular endothelial cell particulate EMP levels were detected. The levels of ICAM-1, sEPCR, vWF, ET-1 and NO secretion were determined. The expression levels of HIF-1α, p-PI3K, p-Akt and VEGF were detected by Western blot. Results: Salidroside could effectively reduce skin collapse in frostbitten areas. It could reduce the injury of frostbitten tissues, and improve the subcutaneous tissue necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration. The autophagy of vascular endothelial cells was reduced. Compared with the model group (0.250±0.165)%, the expression of EMPs in the model+salidroside group (2.453±0.196)% was increased significantly (Pï¼0.01). In addition, the contents of NO (2.622±0.219)pg/ml was also significantly higher than that of the model group (1.616±0.152)pg/ml (Pï¼0.01), and the content of vWF (233.50±13.43)pg/ml was lower than that of the model group (315.60±8.78)pg/ml (Pï¼0.05). There was no significant difference in the levels of ICAM-1, sEPCR and ET-1. Salidroside significantly decreased the expressions of p-PI3K, p-Akt, VEGF and HIF-1α protein in vascular endothelial cells of rats with frostbite (Pï¼0.01). Conclusion: Salidroside can reduce endothelial cell damage, reduce endothelial cell autophagy and promote endothelial cell regeneration. Based on the PI3K/Akt pathway, salidroside has a good protective effect on endothelial cells of rats with frostbite after chronic hypoxia.
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Células Endoteliales , Congelación de Extremidades , Masculino , Animales , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Molécula 1 de Adhesión Intercelular , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-akt , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular , Factor de von WillebrandRESUMEN
This study aimed to effectively control the disease process of hemodialysis outpatients. Hemodialysis secondary hyperparathyroidism patients were randomly divided into the control group and treatment group. The control group was treated with routine treatment, and the treatment group was treated with sodium thiosulfate based on the control group. The changes of serum calcium, phosphorus, whole parathyroid hormone, calcium-phosphorus product and coronary artery calcification (CAC) score, as well as the relief of clinical symptoms, postoperative complications and recurrence in the preoperative and postoperative periods were observed. The levels of C-reactive protein and CAC scores were significantly decreased in the treatment group after treatment. While there was no significant difference in blood calcium, blood phosphorus, PTH, calcium-phosphorus product, and CAC score in the control group after treatment. And after treatment, the proportion of skin pruritus, myasthenia, bone pain, insomnia, restless legs syndrome, and other symptoms in the treatment group was significantly decreased compared with those before treatment, but there was no significant change in the control group before and after treatment. Sodium thiosulfate can reduce the high level of CAC in hemodialysis patients obviously.
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Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria , Fallo Renal Crónico , Calcio/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/complicaciones , Enfermedad de la Arteria Coronaria/tratamiento farmacológico , Humanos , Fallo Renal Crónico/terapia , Fósforo/uso terapéutico , Diálisis Renal/efectos adversos , Tiosulfatos/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
In mammals, Yin Yang 1 (YY1), a pervasively expressed transcription factor related to many biological processes as an activator or inhibitor of the transcription of various genes, plays a critical role in the development of male gonads and spermatogenesis. Although the role of YY1 on the development of male gonads and spermatogenesis in mammals has been reported, its function on chicken testis are yet to be clarified. In this study, we used immunofluorescence analysis to investigate the location of YY1 in chicken testis. In embryo testis, YY1 was detected in spermatogonia and Sertoli cells, while in adult testis, YY1 was shown to be expressed in spermatogenic cells and Sertoli cells, but not in spermatozoa. Furthermore, we investigated the regulatory functions of YY1 in chicken testicular Sertoli cells by combining overexpression with RNA-sequencing. Overexpression of YY1 in Sertoli cells revealed a total of 2955 differentially expressed genes involved in various biological processes, such as male gonad development and seminiferous tubule development. Overexpression of YY1 also caused significant differences in the expression of the androgen receptor gene and the inhibin ßA gene, two major genes involved in the regulation of spermatogonia in Sertoli cells. These observations indicate that YY1 may regulate the development and function of the gonads by affecting the secretion of cytokines and hormones in Sertoli cells to mediate the production and differentiation of spermatogonia.
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Pollos , Testículo/metabolismo , Factor de Transcripción YY1/genética , Animales , Diferenciación Celular/genética , Embrión de Pollo , Pollos/genética , Pollos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Pollos/metabolismo , Regulación del Desarrollo de la Expresión Génica , Masculino , Espermatogénesis/genética , Espermatogonias/fisiología , Espermatozoides/fisiología , Testículo/embriología , Testículo/crecimiento & desarrollo , Distribución Tisular , Factor de Transcripción YY1/metabolismoRESUMEN
Previous studies have shown that gga-miR-2954 was highly expressed in the gonads and other tissues of male chickens, including muscle tissue. Yin Yang1 (YY1), which has functions in mammalian skeletal muscle development, was predicted to be a target gene of gga-miR-2954. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether gga-miR-2954 plays a role in skeletal muscle development by targeting YY1, and evaluate its function in the sexual dimorphism development of chicken muscle. Here, all the temporal and spatial expression profiles in chicken embryonic muscles showed that gga-miR-2954 is highly expressed in males and mainly localized in cytoplasm. Gga-miR-2954 exhibited upregulated expression of in vitro myoblast differentiation stages. Next, through the overexpression and loss-of-function experiments performed in chicken primary myoblasts, we found that gga-miR-2954 inhibited myoblast proliferation but promoted differentiation. During myogenesis, gga-miR-2954 could suppress the expression of YY1, which promoted myoblast proliferation and inhibited the process of myoblast cell differentiation into multinucleated myotubes. Overall, these findings reveal a novel role of gga-miR-2954 in skeletal muscle development through its function of the myoblast proliferation and differentiation by suppressing the expression of YY1. Moreover, gga-miR-2954 may contribute to the sex difference in chicken muscle development.
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Diferenciación CelularRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Studies have found the pivotal role of miRNAs in the progression of postmenopausal osteoporosis (OP). However, the function of miRNAs in OP is unclear. This study aimed to explore the biological functions of microRNA-151a-3p in OP. METHODS: RT-qPCR was employed to assess the expression of microRNA-151a-3p in serum isolated from OP patients and healthy controls. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure the bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine. The expression levels of c-Fos, NFATc1, and TRAP were tested by Western blot. Ovariectomized (OVX) rats were treated with antago microRNA-151a-3p or antago NC, and then serum and lumbar vertebrae were collected for ELISA and bone histomorphology analysis. RESULTS: The expression of microRNA-151a-3p in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis was significantly up-regulated, and microRNA-151a-3p level was negatively correlated with BMD. During osteoclastogenesis, microRNA-151a-3p level was obviously increased. Overexpression of microRNA-151a-3p promoted the differentiation of RANKL-induced THP-1 and RAW264.7 cells into osteoclasts, whereas silencing of microRNA-151a-3p resulted in the opposite results. Silencing of microRNA-151a-3p in OVX rats altered osteoclastogenesis-related factors and raised BMD. CONCLUSION: MicroRNA-151a-3p could partly regulate osteoporosis by promoting osteoclast differentiation, and miRNA-151a-3p could be a potential therapeutic target for postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Diferenciación Celular , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica/sangre , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Animales , Femenino , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Osteoporosis Posmenopáusica/terapia , RatasRESUMEN
ABSTRACT: Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) is the most common skin manifestation of lupus; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying DLE remain unknown. Therefore, we aimed to identify key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in discoid lupus skin and investigate their potential pathways.To identify candidate genes involved in the occurrence and development of the disease, we downloaded the microarray datasets GSE52471 and GSE72535 from the Gene Expression Database (GEO). DEGs between discoid lupus skin and normal controls were selected using the GEO2R tool and Venn diagram software (http://bioinformatics.psb.ugent.be/webtools/Venn/). The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery (DAVID), Enrichr, and Cytoscape ClueGo were used to analyze the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Gene and Genome pathways and gene ontology. Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) of these DEGs were further assessed using the Search Tool for the Retrieval Interacting Genes version 10.0.Seventy three DEGs were co-expressed in both datasets. DEGs were predominantly upregulated in receptor signaling pathways of the immune response. In the PPI network, 69 upregulated genes were selected. Furthermore, 4 genes (CXCL10, ISG15, IFIH1, and IRF7) were found to be significantly upregulated in the RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, from analysis of Enrichr and Cytoscape ClueGo.The results of this study may provide new insights into the potential molecular mechanisms of DLE. However, further experimentation is required to confirm these findings.