RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Pharmacological inhibition of the immune-checkpoint molecule CD47 has shown promising results in preclinical small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) models, whereas anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors have been recently implemented in the standard of care of advanced-stage SCLC patients. Nevertheless, the expression pattern, clinical relevance and prognostic implication of both CD47 and PD-L1 are rather controversial in surgically treated SCLC patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 104 Caucasian SCLC patients from two Central European thoracic centers were included in this study. CD47 and PD-L1 expression as well as the expression of the four major SCLC molecular subtype markers (ASCL1, NEUROD1, YAP1 and POU2F3) were measured by immunohistochemistry. Expression levels were independently evaluated and statistically correlated with clinicopathological data and survival. RESULTS: Positive CD47 and PD-L1 expressions were seen in 84.6% and 9.6% of the samples, respectively. Meanwhile, the tumor-associated stroma was positive for PD-L1 in 59.6% of the cases. Stromal PD-L1 expression correlated with longer overall survival (OS) (versus PD-L1-negative stroma; median OS was 42 versus 14 months, respectively, P = 0.003) and was confirmed as an independent predictor of favorable outcome upon multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 0.530, 95% confidence interval 0.298-0.943, P = 0.031). Notably, neither CD47 nor PD-L1 presence was related to a distinct molecular SCLC subtype. CONCLUSION: CD47 shows a remarkably high expression while tumoral PD-L1 expression is generally low in surgically treated SCLC. Importantly, stromal PD-L1 expression may indicate a favorable clinical outcome and serve as a novel prognostic factor in these patients. Additional studies are warranted to further investigate the clinical impact of CD47 and PD-L1 expression in SCLC.
Asunto(s)
Neoplasias Pulmonares , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células Pequeñas , Humanos , Pronóstico , Antígeno B7-H1/metabolismo , Neoplasias Pulmonares/cirugía , Antígeno CD47 , Carcinoma Pulmonar de Células Pequeñas/cirugíaAsunto(s)
Displasia Cleidocraneal/diagnóstico por imagen , Anomalías Múltiples/diagnóstico por imagen , Anomalías Múltiples/genética , Adulto , Niño , Preescolar , Displasia Cleidocraneal/genética , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Radiografía Torácica , Cráneo/diagnóstico por imagen , Espina Bífida Oculta/diagnóstico por imagen , Espina Bífida Oculta/genética , Anomalías Dentarias/diagnóstico por imagen , Anomalías Dentarias/genética , Diente no Erupcionado/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
In a longitudinal study the postnatal physical growth of 188 small for gestational age and 225 appropriate for gestational age children was compared. A significant retardation in weight, stature, head circumference and osseous development of SGA children was observed even at the age of 3 years.
