Nitrous oxide versus lidocaine versus no analgesic for in-office hysteroscopy: a randomised clinical trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effect of inhaled nitrous oxide (INO) on pain control during in-office hysteroscopy with 1% lidocaine paracervical infiltration and no analgesic. DESIGN: Single-blind stratified randomised clinical trial with masked assessment by a third party. SETTING: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in a Spanish hospital. POPULATION: Women who underwent hysteroscopy. METHODS: Patients were stratified into three groups according to the purpose of the hysteroscopy (biopsy, polypectomy or tubal sterilisation) and then assigned to different treatment groups through a permuted-blocks randomisation within strata. Pain scale was provided by a gynaecologist totally blinded to procedures and treatments. Effects were assessed using a one-way analysis of variance following an intention-to-treat approach. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual analogue scale (VAS) from 0 to 100 mm. RESULTS: A total of 314 women were included: 105 to INO, 104 to 1% lidocaine and 105 to no analgesic. Baseline characteristics were comparable. Mean VAS score after the procedure was 34.7 ± 25.8 mm, 36.1 ± 22.9 mm (P = 1.0) and 47.3 ± 28.2 mm (P = 0.001) for INO, 1% lidocaine and no analgesic, respectively. No adverse events were reported in 91 (86.7%) patients in the INO group compared with 79 (76%) in the 1%-lidocaine group (P = 0.04) and 85 (81%) in the no-analgesic group (P = 0.26). CONCLUSION: INO was as effective as 1% lidocaine in pain control for in-office hysteroscopy and was better tolerated. The no-analgesic group presented the poorer results, so was the least recommended clinical option.

Gestación a término tras cesárea y B-Lynch / Term pregnancy after cesarean section and B-Lynch suture

La sutura hemostática uterina de B-Lynch es una alternativa quirúrgica indicada para el tratamiento de la hemorragia posparto secundaria a atonía uterina que no responde a tratamiento médico. Presentamos el caso de una aplicación de sutura de B-Lynch durante el puerperio inmediato de una paciente a la que se le realizó una cesárea por fracaso de inducción tras rotura prematura de membranas a término, que presentaba hemorragia puerperal no controlada con tratamiento médico. Su evolución posterior fue favorable. Tras 5 años, presentó nueva gestación. El curso del embarazo fue normal. En la semana 39 + 5 se le realizó una cesárea electiva por historia obstétrica + ligadura tubárica bilateral, sin incidencias. El puerperio transcurrió sin complicaciones importantes. Concluimos que, en nuestra experiencia, la B-Lynch es una técnica quirúrgica sencilla, con baja morbilidad y con ventajas claras para la preservación de la fertilidad posterior

The B-Lynch hemostatic suture is a surgical alternative indicated for the treatment of postpartum haemorrhage due to uterine atony unresponsive to medical treatment. We describe the application of B-Lynch suture during the early postpartum period in a patient who had a cesarean section for induction failure after premature rupture of membranes complicated by postpartum haemorrhage not controlled by medical treatment. Outcome was favorable. The patient became pregnant again 5 years later and there were no complications during the gestation. At week 39 + 5, an elective cesarean section with bilateral tubal ligation was performed due to the obstetric history. There were no major complications during the postpartum period. We conclude that B-Lynch suture is a simple technique with low morbility that allows fertility to be preserved in women with uncontrolled postpartum haemorrhage

Tumor filodes maligno: a propósito de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Malignant phyllodes tumor: Apropos of a case and a review of the literature

El tumor filodes de la mama es una neoplasia poco frecuente, representando menos del 1% de todos los tumores de mama. Su diagnóstico definitivo es anatomopatológico, siendo característicamente de estirpe fibroepitelial. Tiene una alta tendencia a la recidiva local (20%) y, aunque poco frecuente, se ha descrito su capacidad metastatizante en otros órganos. El tratamiento es quirúrgico con la extirpación amplia y con márgenes libres. Presentamos el caso de una paciente que desarrolló este tumor y que progresó la enfermedad con afectación pulmonar

Phyllodes tumor of the breast is a rare neoplasm, representing less than 1% of all breast tumors. The definitive diagnosis of these fibroepithelial tumors is histologic. Local recurrence occurs in 20% of cases. Although uncommon, these tumors can metastasize to other organs. Treatment is surgical with wide excision and disease-free margins. We present the case of a patient with phyllodes tumor who developed lung involvement