Evaluation of the effect of the addition of an olive oil-derived antioxidant (Pectoliv-80A) in the extender for cryopreservation of rooster sperm through the use of a discriminant statistical tool.

During the poultry sperm cryopreservation process, an excess of reactive oxygen species is generated resulting in oxidative stress which harms the quality of avian spermatozoa. To counteract this effect, the addition of exogenous antioxidants, such as Pectoliv-80A (a by-product of olive oil), to the cryopreservation diluent is interesting. For this purpose, 16 roosters belonging to the Utrerana avian breed were used. Six semen pools (from the 6 different replicates) were divided into 4 aliquots corresponding to different concentrations of Pectoliv-80A that were tested (0, 300, 400, and 500 µg/mL), and the cryopreservation process was carried out. To evaluate post-thawing semen quality, different parameters such as motility, membrane functionality, reactive oxygen species production, lipid peroxidation, and acrosome integrity were studied. A discriminant canonical analysis was used to determine both the differences between the Pectoliv-80A concentration groups and the discriminant power of the aforementioned parameter used for semen evaluation. Total motility and membrane functionality were reported to be the most discriminant variables for differentiating the different antioxidant enrichment groups and concluded that concentrations of 300 µg/mL showed the most desirable quality of post-thawing semen. The present study could lead to the optimization of both cryopreservation and quality evaluation techniques of the sperm of rooster species, that support the conservation program of endangered local breeds.

Alperujo extract, hydroxytyrosol, and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol are bioavailable and have antioxidant properties in vitamin E-deficient rats--a proteomics and network analysis approach.

SCOPE: Olive products are rich in phenolic compounds, which are natural antioxidants in vitro. We tested the in vivo effects of alperujo, an olive production by-product, as well as hydroxytyrosol and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG) isolated from alperujo, on indices and pathways of oxidative and metabolic stress in a vitamin E-deficient rat model. METHODS AND RESULTS: Rats were fed a vitamin E-deficient diet for 10 weeks, followed by this diet supplemented with either 100 mg/kg diet dα-tocopherol, alperujo extract, hydroxytyrosol, or 10 mg/kg diet DHPG, for a further 2 weeks. We detected alperujo phenolics in tissues and blood, indicating they are bioavailable. Alperujo extract partially ameliorated elevated plasma levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and also lowered plasma cholesterol levels, whereas hydroxytyrosol increased plasma triglyceride levels. Proteomics and subsequent network analysis revealed that hepatic mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2), of which protein and activity levels were regulated by dα-tocopherol and olive phenolics, represents a novel central regulatory protein hub affected by the dietary interventions. CONCLUSION: The in vivo free radical scavenging properties of olive phenolics appear relatively modest in our model. But alternative mechanisms, including regulation of ALDH2, may represent relevant antioxidant mechanisms by which dietary olive phenolics could have beneficial impact on cardiovascular health.

Determination of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol, hydroxytyrosol and tyrosol purified from olive oil by-products with HPLC in animal plasma and tissues.

A simple, fast and reliable method to quantify, simultaneously, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), hydroxytyrosol (HT) and tyrosol (Ty) extracted and purified successfully from olive oil by-product, called alperujo, in animal plasma and tissues samples has been developed using a high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method with UV-Vis detection. Extraction of compounds is based on solid-phase extraction for plasma and homogenisation with zirconia beads and centrifugation for tissues. Calibration curves were linear for all three phenols at a relatively low concentration range (0.05-50µg/mL). This method has acceptable accuracy (91-95% in plasma and 63-100% in tissues), precision (1.11-8.26% intra-day and 0.32-9.5% inter-day) and sensitivity for detecting low concentrations of these phenols in small plasma volumes and several animal tissues such as liver, heart, kidney, muscle, testes, white adipose tissue (WAT) and brain.