Twenty years of liver transplantation in Brazil.

This paper summarizes the 20 years of liver transplantation in Brazil, in the context of the Western world scenario. More than 5000 liver transplantations have been performed in the country since September 1, 1985. The living-donor liver transplantation, one of the landmarks in liver transplantation, was first described by our team in 1989. Brazil is the seventh country in number of liver transplants in the Western world and the first in Latin America. Almost 1000 procedures were performed in 2004, 19% of them involving living donors.

Clonality and antimicrobial resistance gene profiles of multidrug- resistant Salmonella enterica serovar infantis isolates from four public hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

In Brazil, Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis resistant to various antimicrobials, including cephalosporins, has been identified as an etiological agent of severe gastroenteritis in hospitalized children since 1994. In this study, 35 serovar Infantis strains, isolated from children admitted to four different Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, hospitals between 1996 and 2001, were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in order to determine their genetic relatedness and antimicrobial resistance profiles. Thirty-four serovar Infantis strains were resistant to at least two antibiotic classes, and all 35 strains were susceptible to fluoroquinolones, cephamycin, and carbapenem. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) screening by double-disk diffusion indicated that 32 serovar Infantis strains (91.4%) produced beta-lactamases that were inhibited by clavulanic acid. Antimicrobial resistance gene profiles were determined by PCR for a subset of 11 multidrug-resistant serovar Infantis strains, and putative ESBLs were detected by isoelectric focusing. Ten serovar Infantis strains carried bla(TEM), catI, ant(3")Ia and/or ant(3")Ib, sulI and/or sulII, and tet(D) genes as well as an integron-associated aac(6')-Iq cassette. Eight strains possessed at least four different beta-lactamases with pI profiles that confirmed the presence of both ESBLs and non-ESBLs. Our PFGE profiles indicated that 33 serovar Infantis strains isolated from Rio de Janeiro hospitals came from the same genetic lineage.

Pseudocisto do pancreas. Correlacao radiologico-sonografica. / Pancreatic pseudocysts. Radiologic-sonographic correlation

Foram revistos os estudos radiologicos e ultra-sonogragicos de dez pacientes com pseudocisto do pancreas confirmados cirurgicamente. Todos eram do sexo masculino com antecedentes de alcoolismo e sinais clinicos de pancreatite.O resultado radiologico principal consistiu de massa opacificando o epigastrio e deslocando o estomago e alcas intestinais. Os exames ultra-sonograficos mostraram que as lesoes eram predominantemente cisticas, esfericas ou ovaladas, de contornos lisos, ou irregulares e tamanho variavel

Aneurismas imtracranianos gigantes multiplos (relato de um caso). / Multiple giant intracranial aneurysms case report)

Os autores apresentam um caso de aneurismas multiplos, em uma paciente de 54 anos, com historia de disturbios de visao ha um ano. A tomografia computadorizada mostrou lesao dupla, que nao podia ser definitivamente diferenciada de neoplasia, sobretudo meningioma. O diagnostico definitivo foi obtido com angiografia