RESUMEN
This case report describes a four-year-old, eighty-five pound, male neutered Labrador retriever that was admitted with unilateral lameness and clinical findings consistent with a unilateral gostrocnemius tendon rupture. A prior history of trauma was not identified. Ultrasonagraphic evaluation revealed bilateral gastrocnemius tendon defects in which approximately 80% of the tendon was ruptured on the clinically normal side, yet mechanical function and anatomical length were not apparently altered. Bilateral surgical repair was performed utilizing primary tendon reconstruction, supported by fascia lata, autograft and polypropylene mesh. The repairs were protected with rigid costs for two weeks following surgery, and replaced with orthotics through the complete recovery period. Orthotics provided semi-rigid support and allowed removal for controlled intermittent physical therapy. This surgical repair technique, combined with orthotic support, allowed for early mobilization and good ultimate outcome for a complicated bilateral condition.
Asunto(s)
Perros/lesiones , Rotura/veterinaria , Traumatismos de los Tendones/veterinaria , Animales , Perros/cirugía , Fascia Lata/cirugía , Miembro Posterior , Cojera Animal/diagnóstico , Cojera Animal/etiología , Cojera Animal/cirugía , Masculino , Rotura/cirugía , Mallas Quirúrgicas/veterinaria , Traumatismos de los Tendones/diagnóstico , Traumatismos de los Tendones/cirugía , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Traumatic unilateral sciatic neuropathy secondary to a gunshot wound was diagnosed in a seven-month-old, intact male golden retriever. Findings on neurological assessment, performed after cardiovascular stabilisation, were incompatible with a return to normal limb function. An ankle-foot orthosis was used to correct excessive flexion of the digits and tarsus. This device greatly improved the dog's willingness to ambulate and could serve as an alternative to amputation in companion animals with severe sciatic axonotmesis or neurotmesis. Complications associated with chronic tibiotarsal hyperflexion necessitated a pantarsal arthrodesis one year after initial presentation; the dog also developed cranial cruciate disease in the affected limb three years after the gunshot injury.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/terapia , Traumatismos de la Pierna/veterinaria , Aparatos Ortopédicos/veterinaria , Neuropatía Ciática/veterinaria , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Perros , Miembro Posterior , Traumatismos de la Pierna/complicaciones , Masculino , Examen Neurológico/veterinaria , Neuropatía Ciática/etiología , Neuropatía Ciática/terapia , Heridas por Arma de Fuego/complicacionesRESUMEN
The clinical outcomes in 112 dogs weighing less than 35 pounds that were presented with cervical intervertebral disk protrusions were retrospectively evaluated. Although the second to third cervical (C2 to C3) intervertebral space was the most common site (27%) of disk protrusion, 57% of disk protrusions presented were caudal to the fourth cervical (C4) vertebra. Dogs with cranial intervertebral disk protrusions, including the C2 to C3 and C3 to C4 intervertebral disk spaces, responded favorably to ventral slot decompression. By comparison, caudal intervertebral disk protrusions (within the C4 to the seventh cervical [C7] intervertebral disk spaces) responded less favorably to ventral slot decompression, demonstrating significantly more severe clinical effects in motor function, comfort, recovery, and long-term outcome following surgery. Significant improvement in clinical results was seen in caudal disk protrusions when additional surgical distraction and stabilization were provided following ventral slot decompression.
Asunto(s)
Vértebras Cervicales/cirugía , Descompresión Quirúrgica/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Desplazamiento del Disco Intervertebral/veterinaria , Procedimientos Ortopédicos/veterinaria , Animales , Cruzamiento , Perros , Femenino , Desplazamiento del Disco Intervertebral/cirugía , Masculino , Registros/veterinaria , Estudios RetrospectivosAsunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Osteocondrodisplasias/veterinaria , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Perros , Cabeza Femoral/diagnóstico por imagen , Cabeza Femoral/patología , Cabeza Femoral/cirugía , Cuello Femoral/cirugía , Húmero/diagnóstico por imagen , Húmero/patología , Masculino , Osteocondrodisplasias/diagnóstico por imagen , Osteocondrodisplasias/cirugía , Radiografía , Columna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Columna Vertebral/patologíaRESUMEN
This article reviews previous literature and current conclusions regarding osteochondrosis dissecans in the canine tarsus since it was first reported only 20 years ago. Breed, signalment, and clinical characteristics can greatly aid the clinician in suspicion of this condition. Specific radiographic techniques for confirmation of osteochondrosis are discussed. Treatment options, expectations, and specific surgical approaches are reviewed.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Osteocondritis/veterinaria , Tarso Animal/patología , Animales , Enfermedades de los Perros/patología , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Perros , Femenino , Inestabilidad de la Articulación/fisiopatología , Inestabilidad de la Articulación/veterinaria , Masculino , Osteocondritis/diagnóstico , Osteocondritis/cirugía , Tarso Animal/diagnóstico por imagen , Tarso Animal/cirugía , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/veterinariaRESUMEN
A four year-old intact male Dalmatian was referred to the veterinary teaching hospital at Louisiana State University for acute, non-weight-bearing left hindlimb lameness of three weeks duration. Information supplied by the referring veterinarian indicated the lameness was first diagnosed and treated seven months previously, but recurred three weeks ago. External rotation of the left stifle, mild discomfort upon stifle flexion, mild to moderate muscle atrophy and palpable joint effusion were noted during physical examination. Slight cranial drawer movement with a soft end-point was discovered during manipulation of the left stifle. A triangular bone fragment and thickened, confluent intracapsular soft tissues were observed on radiographs of the stifle. Radiographically, moderate degenerative changes suggested chronicity. This report describes the clinical and radiographic findings of a rarely reported partial avulsion of the origin of the cranial cruciate ligament in a skeletally mature dog.
Asunto(s)
Lesiones del Ligamento Cruzado Anterior , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/diagnóstico por imagen , Perros/lesiones , Animales , Ligamento Cruzado Anterior/patología , Perros/cirugía , Cojera Animal/etiología , Masculino , Radiografía , Rodilla de Cuadrúpedos/diagnóstico por imagen , Rodilla de Cuadrúpedos/patología , Rodilla de Cuadrúpedos/cirugíaRESUMEN
Long digital extensor tendon avulsion is reported in a 5 month old Great Dane. Clinically the dog presented with a unilateral weight-bearing pelvic limb lameness. Joint effusion was present and there was pain and crepitance associated with flexion of the stifle. Orthopedic evaluation and radiographs were suggestive of a long digital extensor tendon injury which was confirmed by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The injury was surgically repaired with screw and spiked washer fixation.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico , Miembro Posterior/lesiones , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/veterinaria , Traumatismos de los Tendones/veterinaria , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X/veterinaria , Animales , Tornillos Óseos/veterinaria , Enfermedades de los Perros/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades de los Perros/cirugía , Perros , Exudados y Transudados , Femenino , Miembro Posterior/patología , Miembro Posterior/cirugía , Articulaciones/patología , Cojera Animal/diagnóstico , Cojera Animal/diagnóstico por imagen , Dolor/diagnóstico , Dolor/diagnóstico por imagen , Dolor/veterinaria , Rotura , Rodilla de Cuadrúpedos/lesiones , Líquido Sinovial , Tarso Animal/lesiones , Traumatismos de los Tendones/diagnóstico , Traumatismos de los Tendones/diagnóstico por imagen , Traumatismos de los Tendones/cirugía , Soporte de PesoRESUMEN
The intercondylar fossa (ICF) in dogs consists of a cranial outlet, intercondylar shelf, caudal arch, caudal outlet, a medial wall, and a lateral wall. The normal cranial outlet is bell-shape and, in mixed-breed dogs (mean body weight 19.2 kg, N = 21), measured 5.8 mm cranially, 8.1 mm centrally, and 10.3 mm caudally. The ICF is oriented 12 degrees from the dorsal plane of the femoral diaphysis and obliqued 7 degrees, proximolateral to distomedial, in the sagittal plane. To adjust for dog size, a fossa width index (FWI) was calculated by dividing the cranial outlet width by the distance between epicondyles. The normal FWI as determined in this study was 0.18 cranially, 0.25 centrally, and 0.32 caudally. The fossa height index 0.31. Contact between the ICF and the cranial cruciate ligament began at about 115 degrees of extension. The contact area moved cranially in the intercondylar fossa as the stifle was extended. Evaluation of the ICF can be performed radiographically but positioning is critical.
Asunto(s)
Perros/anatomía & histología , Fémur/anatomía & histología , Rodilla de Cuadrúpedos/anatomía & histología , Rodilla de Cuadrúpedos/diagnóstico por imagen , Análisis de Varianza , Animales , Fémur/diagnóstico por imagen , RadiografíaRESUMEN
This study evaluated the effect of notchplasty (enlargement of the intercondylar fossa) in stable and unstable canine stifles. Bilateral notchplasty and unilateral cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) transection were performed in 6 dogs. Exercise, consisting of walking 1.5 miles three times a week, began 1 month after surgery and continued until euthanasia 6 months after surgery. Evaluation methods included orthopedic examination, serial radiographs, thin section radiography, histopathology, and gross pathology. Notchplasty in the stable stifle did not cause lameness beyond 3 weeks, joint instability, or degenerative joint disease. In the stable stifle, smooth resurfacing of the notchplasty site with fibrous and osseous tissue occurred. Stifles with notchplasty and CrCL transection exhibited persistent lameness, instability, and degenerative joint disease. In CrCL deficient stifles osteophytes formed within the notchplasty site, resulting in a rough surface. Our observations indicated significant refilling in notchplasties of both stable and unstable stifles (P < .05). However, the intercondylar fossa (ICF) width 6 months after notchplasty was significantly smaller in unstable stifles compared with stable stifles (P < .05) indicating that greater refilling of the notchplasties occurred in the unstable stifles. In clinical cases, notchplasty should be larger than the desired final result to accomodate the partial refilling that occurs even in stable stifles.