Psychometric properties of the Persian version of PERMA-Profiler: A tool to assess flourishing in Iranian older adults.

Flourishing is of great importance in all age groups, but it becomes even more important in the aging period. The aim of this study was the evaluation of the psychometric properties of the Persian version of PERMA-Profiler for using it as a flourishing assessment tool in Iranian older adults. This cross-sectional study implemented in 3 phases. In phase 1 - the questionnaire was translated into Persian using the forward-backward translation method; in phase 2 - quantitative and qualitative face validity, content validity, and content validity index were evaluated; in phase3 - confirmatory and exploratory factor analysis, concurrent validity, convergent and divergent validity, and reliability were evaluated. The reliability of the instrument was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient, split-half coefficient, and stability by the test-retest method. Smallest detectable change and Standard error of measurement were calculated, too. Persian version of the PERMA-Profiler with 14 items had a good correlation coefficient between with Geriatric Depression Scale and CASP-19 (0/545 GDS and 0,303 CASP-19). In exploratory factor analysis, three factors were extracted and explained 52% of the variance of the PERMA-Profiler score. Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the existence of three factors. The instrument showed good stability, repeatedly and reliability (p<0,0001, α=0,896, Spearman correlation coefficient =0,745 and ICC=0,693). The standard error size was small and acceptable. The Persian version of the PERMA-Profiler is an appropriate tool to measure the flourishing among the Iranian elderly and to identify successful older individuals.

Social well-being of Iranian retired men of the armed forces and their wives.

BACKGROUND: Social well-being is a major component of health, which was somehow neglected until the last few decades. The aim of this study was to determine the state of social well-being of Iranian retired men of the armed forces and their wives in the metropolis of Tehran. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study which was conducted in Tehran, capital of Iran, in 2016. Three hundred retired men of the armed forces and their wives were selected by random sampling. We used the Social Well-Being Scale to collect data. We assessed its internal consistency and validity with Cronbach's alpha and exploratory factor analysis before using it. We used SPSS V.24 software to analyse the data via χ2, Pearson's correlation, t-test and analysis of variance. RESULTS: The mean age was 66.39±6.98 years; 60% were male. The findings revealed that retired men of the armed forces and their wives report a relatively modest degree of well-being. Social well-being of the participants was significantly related to their marital status (p=0.03), education (p=0.03), employment status (p<0.01), housing status (p<0.01), financial status (p<0.01) and health status (p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The social well-being of retired men of the armed forces and their wives was moderate and was not different from each other, and it was related to housing ownership, employment, self-rated socioeconomic condition, education, good health and married status.