Male song structure predicts offspring recruitment to the breeding population in a migratory bird.

Bird song is a classic example of a sexually selected trait, but much of the work relating individual song components to fitness has not accounted for song typically being composed of multiple, often-correlated components, necessitating a multivariate approach. We explored the role of sexual selection in shaping complex male song of house wrens (Troglodytes aedon) by simultaneously relating its multiple components to fitness using multivariate selection analysis, which is widely used in insect and anuran studies but not in birds. The analysis revealed significant variation in the form and strength of selection acting on song across different selection episodes, from nest-site defense to recruitment of offspring to the breeding population. Males that sang more song typically employed in close communication sired more offspring that subsequently recruited to the breeding population than those that sang more far-communication song. However, this relationship was not consistent across earlier selection episodes, as evidenced by non-linear selection acting on these song components in other contexts. Collectively, our results present a complex picture of multivariate selection on male song structure that would not be evident using univariate approaches and suggest possible trade-offs within and among song components at different points of the breeding season.

Associations between interpersonal contexts, positive emotions, and related experiences in school students: A systematic review of experience sampling studies.

Studies investigating students' social interactions and related experiences have mostly relied on retrospective methodologies-techniques known to be subject to recall bias that threaten ecological validity. This article is the second part of a systematic review of experience sampling studies on students' social interactions. This article focuses on exploring associations between interpersonal contexts, positive emotions, and related experiences assessed by intensive repeated measurement techniques in naturalistic environments. A systematic literature search was conducted for experience sampling studies between 1996 and 2020. Details of the literature search process and results were reported in the companion (Part I) of the study (Mölsä et al., 2022; Frontiers in Psychology 2022; 13: 844698). Using a narrative synthesis, the associations of interpersonal contexts and positive emotionality in school students were analyzed. Findings suggest that school students experience higher levels of positive emotions during peer, teacher, and family interactions than when they are not being with someone. The overall findings indicate that positive emotionality in children and adolescents is dependent on the characteristics of the interpersonal contexts, although the multilevel associations vary. This review contributes to experience sampling research on students' social interactions. The systematic review concludes with discussion of the main findings, theoretical implications, and an analysis of limitations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Timely support for promoting mental wellbeing among families with young children -an interview study exploring the experiences of multi-professional practitioners in Finland.

BACKGROUND: Childhood is a critical period for promoting mental wellbeing and previous research suggests that various family-focused mental health promotion and early prevention initiatives are effective. The aim of the study was to explore Finnish health and social care practitioners' views and experiences of mental health promotion practice targeting families with young children. METHODS: Individual semi-structured interviews with 14 practitioners representing various municipal services, faith-based and third sector organizations were conducted in 2021 and analysed using thematic analysis. RESULTS: Various challenges and opportunities for supporting mental health related to both structural features of the health and social care landscape and the varying needs of families were identified. The lack of resources as well as the social stigma associated with mental health problems and with public welfare services, hindered proactive work approaches and timely support. However, low-threshold initiatives and adapted information to families as well as further training about mental health for practitioners together with multi-professional collaboration and teamwork were suggested as potential enablers for mental health promotion. CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights the importance of reaching families in a timely manner in order to promote mental wellbeing and prevent mental health problems. The findings, bringing to the fore the practitioners' own experiences and views, suggest how current practice could be developed in order to safeguard mental health and wellbeing for all families with young children. The practitioners' views and experiences are key components when building future sustainable and proactive health and social care services.

Meeting the Needs of Older Adults with Mental Ill-Health in Non-Psychiatric Care Settings: Self-Rated Confidence in Helping and its Co-Variates within a Multiprofessional Study Sample.

In this paper we sought to explore health and social care professionals' self-rated confidence in helping older adults with mental ill-health in non-psychiatric care settings. A cross-sectional survey study was performed exploring the participants' (n = 480) confidence in helping. Confidence in helping was analyzed together with background characteristics and selected explanatory variables, such as the workplace and work experience of the participants, their personal experiences of and attitudes to mental ill-health, as well as their knowledge in mental ill-health among older adults, by means of descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis. We found that approximately half (55%) of the participants were confident in helping older adults with mental ill-health. The odds ratios for being confident in helping were significantly associated to the workplace of the professionals, professionals' attitude to and experience of mental ill-health, and knowledge of mental health among older adults. To increase confidence in helping older adults with mental ill-health, we recommend confidence-building interventions, for example, educational programs, through which knowledge of mental health among older adults is increased and negative attitudes are challenged, especially within the context of specialist somatic healthcare.

Promoting sexual health in schools: a systematic review of the European evidence.

Introduction: Sexual ill-health is an urgent public health issue with subsequent social and economic costs. There is, therefore, a need for more effective sexual health promotion interventions in an early stage of life. Previous research has focused on preventive sexual health interventions applying a risk perspective, and the limited and scattered evidence concerning school-based sexual health promotion interventions employing a health-resource perspective has not been compiled and synthesized. Hence, this study aimed to systematically review the current evidence on the effects of sexual health promotion interventions conducted in schools in Europe. Method: A systematic review based on the JBI and PRISMA standards was performed, encompassing searches in seven databases to identify sexual health promotion interventions conducted in European schools between 2012 and 2022. Data coding was performed according to a predetermined protocol and included information on study characteristics, intervention content, methods, and outcomes relevant to the current review. A narrative synthesis of the included studies was performed, highlighting the collective results. Result: Seventeen records were included in the review, reporting on 16 individual studies conducted in 7 European countries. Of the 16 included studies, 13 had a quantitative research design, and three had a qualitative design. All three studies with a qualitative research design described positive effects experienced by the participants. Six of thirteen quantitative studies showed statistically significant positive effects on at least one of the outcomes of interest. The outcomes of interest were grouped into five areas, and most studies focused on the area of attitudes toward sexual health. Conclusion: The findings indicate promising evidence of effect for interventions with a health promotion approach, highlighting the importance of strengthening sexual health resources related to respect, communication skills, attitudes, and other positive psycho-social aspects of sexual health. Most sexual health promotion intervention studies have focused on sexual health resource outcomes connected to attitudes and skills, whereas a comprehensive focus on the multi-dimensional sexual health literacy concept is less common and can be recommended to be included in future intervention research.

Work-life balance and work engagement across the European workforce: a comparative analysis of welfare states.

BACKGROUND: Few large-scale, comparative studies have examined both the positive mental well-being outcomes of work-life balance and the broader socio-economic context by which it is shaped. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association between work-life balance and work engagement across a wide range of European welfare states, as well as to examine whether work-life balance varies across European countries and whether this variance can be explained by welfare regime, controlling for individual-level factors. METHODS: This study utilized data from the 2015 European Working Conditions Survey. In total, 35 401 workers from 30 European countries could be classified into the adopted welfare regime typology. Work engagement was measured using an ultra-short version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, and work-life balance with a question on the fit between working hours and family or social commitments. Due to the hierarchical structure of the data, multilevel regression models were applied. RESULTS: A statistically significant positive association between work-life balance and work engagement across the European workforce was found. Between-country variance in work-life balance was demonstrated and this can in part be explained by welfare regime. CONCLUSIONS: While it has long been recognized that occupational stress and work-related mental health problems are shaped by the socio-economic context and thus regarded as public health concerns in Europe, our results suggest that this applies to well-being at work and related support factors as well.

Exploring the Association between Welfare State and Mental Wellbeing in Europe: Does Age Matter?

Previous research reports show mixed results regarding the age gradient in population mental wellbeing, which may be linked to the role that welfare states play. In this study, we investigate whether an age gradient exists in relation to the association between welfare state and mental wellbeing within the adult population in Europe. We combine individual level data from Round 6 of the European Social Survey and country level data on welfare state and use multilevel regression analyses to explore population mental wellbeing. Subjective and psychological wellbeing dimensions were analyzed, and different approaches to measuring welfare state were explored, including a regime typology and composite welfare state measures constructed on the basis of a set of eight individual indicators. We found the age gradient for mental wellbeing to differ between welfare states, with the positive impact of the welfare state increasing with age. A universal and generous welfare state seems to be particularly important for older adults, who are also more likely to be in higher need of transfers and services provided by the welfare state.

Investigating employee perceptions: Association between recognized individual talents and social wellbeing.

Background: Organizations worldwide increasingly adopt inclusive talent management, and this approach appears to rhyme particularly well with the Nordic welfare model. Questions about its value remain understudied, however. The inclusive approach is rooted in positive psychology and focuses on recognizing each employee's individual talents and assessing whether they fit the long-term needs of the organization, since a fit is assumed to be associated with employees' wellbeing. In the present study, we test this assumption focusing specifically on a key talent management practice, talent identification, and the social dimension of employee wellbeing. Method: Data were collected through an employee survey conducted within the Finnish units of four international manufacturing organizations and analyzed using logistic regression (n = 618). Results: We found that the recognition of individual talents for long-term deployment by the organization is positively associated with social wellbeing in terms of supervisor support and social climate in the work unit, as perceived by the employees. Conclusion: Our results tentatively suggest that inclusive talent management creates value through the identification of employees' individual talents as this practice can be associated with their enhanced wellbeing.

Reconciling Work and Family Demands and Related Psychosocial Risk and Support Factors among Working Families: A Finnish National Survey Study.

Working families commonly struggle with reconciling work and family demands. While the Nordic welfare states have been regarded as forerunners in family-friendly policies, worldwide trends threaten work-family reconciliation also in this context. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the associations between family interference with work (FIW)/work interference with family (WIF) and selected psychosocial risk and support factors in the work and family settings of Finnish working families. Data from the Finnish Quality of Work Life Survey 2018 collected by Statistics Finland were utilized to conduct binary logistic regression analyses (N = 1431). Risk factors in the work setting emerged as key covariates as all of them showed statistically significant associations with WIF or both WIF and FIW. Another key finding was that occasional conflicts within the family were beneficial in the context of both WIF and FIW. To conclude, both distinct and mutual psychosocial risk and support factors of FIW and WIF were identified, at the same time as two socio-demographic factors as well as one workplace factor were identified as covariates specifically of FIW. This study showed that work-family reconciliation is a considerable challenge among Finnish working families, and especially to women.

DNA Metabarcoding Across Disciplines: Sequencing Our Way to Greater Understanding Across Scales of Biological Organization.

DNA metabarcoding describes the use of targeted DNA (i.e., amplicon) sequencing to identify community constituents from a complex sample containing genetic material from multiple organisms, such as water, soil, gut contents, microbiomes, or biofilms. This molecular approach for characterizing mixed DNA samples relies on the development of "universal primers" that allow for effective amplification of target sequences across a broad range of taxa. Armed with optimized lab protocols and rigorous bioinformatics tools, DNA metabarcoding can produce a wealth of information about the hidden biodiversity of various sample types by probing for organisms' molecular footprints. DNA metabarcoding has received considerable popular press over the last few years because of gut microbiome studies in humans and beyond. However, there are many other applications that are continually integrating molecular biology with other fields of study to address questions that have previously been unanswerable, for both prokaryotic and eukaryotic targets. For example, we can now sample mostly digested gut contents from virtually any organism to learn about ontogeny and foraging ecology. Water samples collected from different locations can be filtered to extract eDNA (i.e., environmental DNA), revealing the biodiversity of fish and other taxa targeted by carefully selected primer sets. This universal primer metabarcoding approach has even been extended to looking at diverse gene families within single species, which is particularly useful for complex immune system genetics. The purpose of this SICB symposium was to bring together researchers using DNA metabarcoding approaches to (a) showcase the diversity of applications of this technique for addressing questions spanning ecology, evolution, and physiology, and (b) to spark connections among investigators from different fields that are utilizing similar approaches to facilitate optimization and standardization of metabarcoding methods and analyses. The resulting manuscripts from this symposium represent a great diversity of metabarcoding applications and taxonomic groups of interest.

Sea Snacks from DNA Tracks: Using DNA Metabarcoding to Characterize the Diet of Green Turtles (Chelonia Mydas).

The green turtle (Chelonia mydas) is a circumglobal species with a wide dietary breadth that varies among regions and life history stages. Comprehensive understanding of foraging ecology over space and time is critical to inform conservation and management of this species and its habitats. Here, we used DNA metabarcoding to test candidate primer sets with 39 gut content homogenates from stranded green turtles (FL, USA) to identify primer sets that maximize detection of food items and specificity of taxonomic classifications. We tested six existing universal primer sets to detect plants, animals, and eukaryotes more broadly (CO1, 18SV1-V3, 18SV4, rbcL, UPA, ITS). The CO1 and 18SV4 primer sets produced the greatest number of dietary amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) and unique taxonomic classifications, and they were the only primer sets to amplify taxa from all three kingdoms relevant to green turtle diet (Animalia, Chromista, and Plantae). Even though the majority of CO1-derived reads were of host origin (>90%), this primer set still produced the largest number of dietary ASVs classified to species among the six primer sets. However, because the CO1 primer set failed to detect both vascular plants and green algae, we do not recommend the use of this primer set on its own to characterize green turtle diet. Instead, our findings support previous research highlighting the utility of using multiple primer sets, specifically targeting CO1 and the V4 region of the 18S gene, as doing so will provide the most comprehensive understanding of green turtle diet. More generally, our results highlight the importance of primer and loci selection and the need to validate primer sets against the study system of interest. The addition of DNA metabarcoding with optimized primer sets to the sea turtle researcher's toolbox will both increase our understanding of foraging ecology and better inform science-based conservation and ecosystem management.

Health Promotion Practice Among Older Persons: A Nordic Multi-Professional Focus Group Study Exploring what It Is and How It Could be Achieved.

The growing ageing population in the Nordic region calls for increased focus on health promotion work. To enhance multi-professional understanding and further develop strategies for promoting healthy ageing, it is vital to consider the perspectives of those working with health promotion. The aim of this study was to explore a wide spectrum of practitioners' experiences of community-level health promotion targeting older adults in Finland and Sweden. Nine focus group interviews (34 informants) were conducted in 2019-2020. "Seeing the person" emerged as the ideal for health promotion targeting older adults, but this ideal was not always realized in current practice. Barriers related to organizational structures and the practitioner role were identified. However, work methods connected to user involvement and technology-based tools were considered key facilitators, enabling tailored health promotion initiatives.

Nordic population-based study on internet use and perceived meaningfulness in later life: How they are linked and why it matters.

AIM: The aim was to explore the association between internet use, the use of specific internet-based activities and perceiving life as meaningful, among older adults in two regions in Finland and Sweden. METHODS: The data was collected through a population-based survey (N = 9386) as part of the GERDA project conducted in 2016. In order to analyse the associations between perceiving life as meaningful and internet use and related activities, odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval were calculated using binary logistic regression analysis, where socio-demographic factors and health status were controlled for. RESULTS: Statistically significant associations were found between perceiving life as meaningful and internet use in later life. When looking further at the specific internet-based activities under study, activities related to leisure and entertainment showed a statistically significant connection to perceived meaningfulness in later life, after controlling for socio-demographic factors and health status. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that there was a statistically significant positive association between internet use and perceiving life as meaningful in later life. Online activities related to leisure and entertainment seem to be especially associated with perceived meaningfulness. Although causal direction could not be determined, the results suggest that internet use may support the experience of wellbeing in everyday life among older persons, through the unlimited access to interest-driven activities that it provides.

Bottom-Up Interventions Effective in Promoting Work Engagement: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Promoting work engagement is of interest to organizations across sectors due to the associated positive outcomes. This interest warrants research on the evidence of work engagement interventions. Intervention research increasingly advocates a bottom-up approach, highlighting the role of employees themselves. These workplace interventions often encourage employees to identify, develop, and make use of workplace resources. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to investigate the effectiveness and potential underlying mechanisms of these bottom-up, resource-developing interventions. Method: Systematic searches were conducted in the online databases Web of Science, Academic Search Complete, Business Source Ultimate, PsycInfo, PsycArticles, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar. Publication year range was 2000-2020. Eligibility criteria were defined using PICOS. To be eligible for the systematic review, the intervention study identified had to aim at promoting working individuals' work engagement by developing workplace resources from bottom-up. Work engagement had to be measured using the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale. The systematic review included one-, two-, or multiple-armed - randomized or non-randomized - intervention studies with various study designs. Further, a meta-analysis was conducted on a sub-set of the studies included in the systematic review. To be eligible for the meta-analysis, the studies had to be two- or multiple-armed and provide the information necessary to compute effect sizes. Results: Thirty-one studies were included in the systematic review. The majority reported that overall work engagement increased as an effect of the intervention. The evidence regarding the sub-components of work engagement was scattered. Potential underlying mechanisms explored were intervention foci, approach, and format. Dimensions of satisfaction and performance were identified as secondary outcomes. Participant experiences were generally described as positive in most of the studies applying mixed methods. The meta-analysis showed a small but promising intervention effect on work engagement (24 studies, SMD: -0.22, 95% CI: -0.34 to -0.11, with I 2=53%, indicating moderate inconsistency in the evidence). Conclusion: The synthesized evidence suggests that bottom-up, resource-developing interventions are effective in the promotion of work engagement. The meta-analysis suggests that focusing on strengths use or mobilizing ego resources and adopting a universal approach increase intervention effectiveness.

Roles and responsibilities in substance use prevention in the school setting: views among Finnish school personnel representatives.

OBJECTIVE: This study explores the views of Finnish school personnel representatives regarding substance use prevention responsibilities. DESIGN: Twenty-two focus groups were conducted within the scope of a regional intervention study in 2019. Qualitative content analysis was performed. SETTING: Focus group interviews were conducted in the school setting. SUBJECTS: Focus group participants included representatives for educational personnel and student welfare personnel working in basic education, general upper secondary education or vocational education settings. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Views and experiences concerning roles and responsibilities in primary prevention of substance use. RESULTS: Findings highlight the need for intersectoral efforts and intra-school collaboration in primary prevention efforts, but also in mental health promotion - on which the informants placed great emphasis. The health promotion leadership in schools, structural guidelines and the school curriculum could both challenge and support school personnel in their roles. An increased need to focus on the early years of life and related responsibilities of the homes was emphasized, along with the need to place more emphasis on health education in the first years of basic education, and responsibilities related to early risk identification. CONCLUSION: The findings highlight a need to develop structures and role clarity among school personnel, which can advance further development of intra-school and inter-sectoral collaboration in primary substance use prevention and mental health promotion. In the Finnish context, the successful implementation of relevant legislation, which some school representatives view as unclear or contravening, could be further supported.Key pointsViews regarding responsibilities in primary substance use prevention in the school setting have been less researched in the Nordic countries:The importance of inter-sectoral and intra-school collaboration is emphasized among school personnel representatives, including the role of the homesPrimary prevention and mental health promotion responsibilities are viewed as less clear than secondary and tertiary prevention responsibilitiesStructural guidelines concerning e.g. confidentiality aspects and curriculum features can both support and challenge school representatives in their roles.

Parents' Experiences of Receiving Professional Support Through Extended Home Visits During Pregnancy and Early Childhood-A Phenomenographic Study.

Background: While becoming a parent can be challenging for all, it can particularly be challenging for those parents and children who are in a vulnerable situation-e.g., in families whose members have problems related to health, relationships, or socioeconomic status. It is essential for health care professionals to identify the more vulnerable families at an early stage. Home visits are one cost-effective way of identifying and supporting such families. This study describes the parental experiences of an intervention that involves professional support in the form of extended home visits. The aim of the study is to describe the parents' understanding of their experiences of receiving professional support through extended home visits both during pregnancy and the first 15 months of their child's life. Methods/Design: A phenomenographic approach was used. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 parents who had received the intervention. The interviews were analyzed using the seven-step phenomenography model described by Sjöström and Dahlgren. Results: The following three descriptive categories emerged from the analysis: (1) conceptions concerning the meaning of the physical environment, (2) conceptions concerning extended home visits promoting feelings of self-confidence in the parental role, and (3) conceptions concerning extended home visits promoting parental participation and relations. Conclusion and Clinical Implications: Extended home visits as a form of professional support appear to promote parental self-confidence in parenting ability, giving parents a feeling of security that facilitates conversation with professionals. Children and their entire families had natural roles during home visits, which allowed the children to behave more characteristically. Furthermore, the home visits were understood to facilitate social support through social activities at the child health center as well as integration into Swedish society for migrant parents. Professional support should be adjusted to the unique individual needs of parents, which demands a variety of supportive interventions-for example, reorganizing one or two of the regular clinical visits currently being scheduled as home visits instead.

Peroxidized Linoleic Acid, 13-HPODE, Alters Gene Expression Profile in Intestinal Epithelial Cells.

Lipid peroxides (LOOHs) abound in processed food and have been implicated in the pathology of diverse diseases including gut, cardiovascular, and cancer diseases. Recently, RNA Sequencing (RNA-seq) has been widely used to profile gene expression. To characterize gene expression and pathway dysregulation upon exposure to peroxidized linoleic acid, we incubated intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) with 100 µM of 13-hydroperoxyoctadecadienoic acid (13-HPODE) or linoleic acid (LA) for 24 h. Total RNA was extracted for library preparation and Illumina HiSeq sequencing. We identified 3094 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in 13-HPODE-treated cells and 2862 DEGs in LA-treated cells relative to untreated cells. We show that 13-HPODE enhanced lipid metabolic pathways, including steroid hormone biosynthesis, PPAR signaling, and bile secretion, which alter lipid uptake and transport. 13-HPODE and LA treatments promoted detoxification mechanisms including cytochrome-P450. Conversely, both treatments suppressed oxidative phosphorylation. We also show that both treatments may promote absorptive cell differentiation and reduce proliferation by suppressing pathways involved in the cell cycle, DNA synthesis/repair and ribosomes, and enhancing focal adhesion. A qRT-PCR analysis of representative DEGs validated the RNA-seq analysis. This study provides insights into mechanisms by which 13-HPODE alters cellular processes and its possible involvement in mitochondrial dysfunction-related disorders and proposes potential therapeutic strategies to treat LOOH-related pathologies.

Identification of Nasal Gammaproteobacteria with Potent Activity against Staphylococcus aureus: Novel Insights into the "Noncarrier" State.

Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage provides the bacterial reservoir for opportunistic infection. In comparing the nasal microbiomes of culture-defined persistent S. aureus carriers versus noncarriers, we detected S. aureus DNA in all noses, including those with an established history of S. aureus negativity based on culture. Colonization with Gammaproteobacteria, including Klebsiella aerogenes, Citrobacter koseri, Moraxella lincolnii, and select Acinetobacter spp., was associated with S. aureus noncarriage. We next developed physiological competition assays for testing anti-S. aureus activity of isolated nasal species, utilizing medium modeling the nutrient-limited fluid of the nasal mucosa, polarized primary nasal epithelia, and nasal secretions. K. aerogenes from the nose of an S. aureus noncarrier demonstrated >99% inhibition of S. aureus recovery in all assays, even when S. aureus was coincubated in 9-fold excess. Secreted S. aureus inhibitory proteins from K. aerogenes and M. lincolnii were heat-stable and <30 kDa, fitting the profile of antimicrobial peptides. C. koseri, Acinetobacter haemolyticus, Acinetobacter junii, and Acinetobacter schindleri inhibited S. aureus recovery on nasal epithelia in a contact-dependent manner, while several other species either had no effect or promoted S. aureus growth. Collectively, this project is one of the first to identify resident nasal microbial species that impede S. aureus survival, and it implies that detectable nasal S. aureus results from shifts in microbial community composition.IMPORTANCE Nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus is a risk factor for infection, but it is not yet understood why some individuals carry nasal S. aureus persistently, intermittently, or seemingly not at all when tested via culture methods. This study compared the nasal microbiomes of established S. aureus carriers and noncarriers, identified species associated with noncarriage, and tested them for anti-S. aureus activity using assays developed to model the nutrient-limited nasal mucosa. We determined that all nostril swabs contain S. aureus DNA, even swabs from hosts considered to be long-term noncarriers. Select members of the Gammaproteobacteria class were more prevalent in noncarrier than carrier nostrils and demonstrated potent activity against multiple strains of S. aureus The results described here provide a better understanding of how the nasal microbiome controls S. aureus growth and viability and may be useful in the design of improved S. aureus decolonization strategies.

Exploring the Nuanced Links Between Internet Use and Subjective Well-Being Among Older Adults: A Nordic Population-Based Study.

AIM: The aim was to explore the various associations between subjective well-being and internet use among older adults in two regions in Finland and Sweden. METHODS: The data was collected through a population-based survey (N = 9,386) as part of the GERDA project conducted in 2016. The connection between subjective well-being (measured by perceived meaningfulness, happiness and life satisfaction) and internet use (distinguishing between internet users, non-users and users with support, and diverse internet activities) was studied by conducting binary regression analyses, calculating odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. The analyses also controlled for key subjective well-being covariates. RESULTS: Statistically significant associations were found between perceived life meaningfulness and internet use. When looking into the specific internet-based activities under study, activities related to leisure and entertainment showed statistically significant associations to perceived meaningfulness as well as perceived happiness, also after controlling for potential covariates. However, internet use and the different internet activities failed to show statistical significant associations to life satisfaction in the adjusted regression model. CONCLUSION: The things we do on the internet (the activities) as well as how we conceptualize and measure subjective well-being in this type of research studies seem to matter when it comes to the relationship between subjective well-being and internet use in later life. Internet use and internet activities displayed various connections to the subjective well-being proxies used in this study. Therefore, the complexity and multidimensionality of both subjective well-being and internet use and related links need to be carefully explored in order to deepen our understanding of experienced well-being among older adults in a digitized world.