RESUMEN
Brazilian spotted fever is the most common rickettsiosis in Brazil, most prevalent in the States of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of Brazilian spotted fever in Minas Gerais from 2000 to 2008. Of the 132 cases of Brazilian spotted fever, 53 patients died, representing a case-fatality rate of 40.2%. Males predominated, with 78.8% of confirmed cases, and median age was 26.5 years. Absence of rash was associated with increased risk of death (p = 0.005). Greater Metropolitan Belo Horizonte, Rio Doce Valley, and Zona da Mata accounted for 70.6% of the cases, which occurred mainly from May to November. There was an increase in the number of cases, which could suggest an expansion of the disease, but probably resulted from an increase in the health system's diagnostic capacity and sensitivity. Despite this improvement, the case-fatality rate remains high and with no apparent tendency to decrease, thus indicating the need for improved prevention and patient care.
Asunto(s)
Fiebre Maculosa de las Montañas Rocosas/epidemiología , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Brasil/epidemiología , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Fiebre Maculosa de las Montañas Rocosas/diagnóstico , Fiebre Maculosa de las Montañas Rocosas/mortalidad , Estaciones del Año , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
Brazilian spotted fever is the most common rickettsiosis in Brazil, most prevalent in the States of São Paulo and Minas Gerais. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of Brazilian spotted fever in Minas Gerais from 2000 to 2008. Of the 132 cases of Brazilian spotted fever, 53 patients died, representing a case-fatality rate of 40.2 percent. Males predominated, with 78.8 percent of confirmed cases, and median age was 26.5 years. Absence of rash was associated with increased risk of death (p = 0.005). Greater Metropolitan Belo Horizonte, Rio Doce Valley, and Zona da Mata accounted for 70.6 percent of the cases, which occurred mainly from May to November. There was an increase in the number of cases, which could suggest an expansion of the disease, but probably resulted from an increase in the health system's diagnostic capacity and sensitivity. Despite this improvement, the case-fatality rate remains high and with no apparent tendency to decrease, thus indicating the need for improved prevention and patient care.
A febre maculosa brasileira é a rickettsiose mais comum do território nacional, com maior importância nos estados de São Paulo e Minas Gerais. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever os aspectos epidemiológicos dos casos de febre maculosa brasileira ocorridos em Minas Gerais no período de 2000 a 2008. Dos 132 casos confirmados, 53 evoluíram para óbito, representando uma letalidade de 40,2 por cento. O sexo masculino foi o mais acometido com 78,8 por cento dos casos confirmados, e mediana de idade de 26,5 anos. Entre os fatores de risco determinantes do óbito, a ausência de exantema apresentou associação significativa (p = 0,005). A Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, o Vale do Rio Doce e a Zona da Mata responderam por 70,6 por cento dos casos, que ocorreram principalmente entre os meses de maio e novembro. Houve crescimento no número de casos, que apesar de sugerir expansão da doença, provavelmente decorreu do aumento da capacidade diagnóstica e sensibilidade do sistema de saúde. Apesar dessa melhora, a letalidade permaneceu alta e sem tendências à diminuição, o que implica a necessidade de medidas preventivas e assistenciais.