Psychology in action: The need for bystander intervention programs to reduce public harms.

The current social climate in America is replete with reports of tragic events that could have been prevented. Our nation seems to be facing an unrelenting stream of problems without solutions. This article introduces a special section on active bystandership, which proposes more optimistic ways forward. Citing social science research and program examples, we describe the nature of active bystandership and the ways it can be mobilized to prevent harms and save lives. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Introduction to the special section: Supervision in publicly funded settings: Best practices.

Supervision of trainee and early career psychologists is the epitome of clinical skill cultivation and mentorship of knowledge passed from an experienced professional supervisor to supervisee. However, supervision is not only a "one-way street" as it has been traditionally regarded. Rather, the supervisor-supervisee dynamic is variable, ranging from didactic, to symbiotic, to everything in between. Our collection of articles explores the various forms of clinical supervision in publicly funded settings. They include integrating three low burden multicomponent supervision approaches, a Primary Care Behavioral Health (PCBH) model (Ogbeide et al., 2023), metacognitive reflection and insight therapy, use of an Adlerian-informed supervision method that integrates the Respectfully Curious Inquiry/Therapeutic Encouragement (RCI/TE) framework, and Heron's Six Category Intervention Framework (Hamm et al., 2023; McCarty et al., 2023; McMahon et al., 2023; Schriger et al., 2023). Furthermore, this special section applies to various demographics of supervisees, clients, and supervisee-client dyads including the military culture setting, youth with publicly funded insurance, clients with psychosis, trainees with disabilities, and frontline staff at nonprofit organizations (Dawson & Chunga, 2023; Hamm et al., 2023; Reddy et al., 2023; Schriger et al., 2023; Wilbur et al., 2023). Barriers tackled include administrative and fiscal challenges, reduced availability of supervisors, and burnout in highly traumatized environments (Dawson & Chunga, 2023; McCarty et al., 2023; Schriger et al., 2023). Finally, these diverse clinical frameworks of distinct supervisor-supervisee-client pairings foster increasing feelings of connection, clinical competence, disability-affirmative training environments, supervisee self-awareness and self-efficacy, and increased antiracism in supervision (McCarty et al., 2023; McDonald et al., 2023; Wilbur et al., 2023). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

The Worldview Genogram: A process model for enhancing diversity responsiveness and competence in education, training, and clinical supervision.

Diversity responsiveness and competence is an imperative in current graduate psychology training and few, if any, will debate this. However, what has been and still remains frustrating to most practicum and internship clinical supervisors and graduate school instructors is a dearth of safe and practical tools to enhance this process, particularly in terms of the awareness domain. The authors of this article present a process model, the Worldview Genogram (WVG), that has been developed and implemented in clinical field placements and classroom settings over the last 22 years with significant success. The WVG, anchored by a three-generational family-of-origin genogram, is a depiction of individual and cultural diversity constructs that impact a person's identity formation. A rationale for the model and specific, practical steps in implementing it in academic and clinical settings are described. The model's uniqueness lies in the fact that it is nonpathologizing, strengths-based, trainee driven, and predicated on instructor or supervisor modeling. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

Disentangling the effects of intergenerational transmission of depression from adolescence to adulthood: the protective role of self-esteem.

This study aimed to disentangle time-stable and time-varying effects of maternal and paternal depression on trajectories of adolescent depression from ages 13 to 23 and examined whether self-esteem moderates the examined associations. Sex differences in the direct effects of parental depression and its interacted effects with self-esteem were further explored. Data were collected from a sample of 2502 adolescents and their parents participating in a panel study spanning from the year 2000 to 2009 in northern Taiwan. Multilevel modeling was conducted to disentangle the time-stable and time-varying effects of parental depression on adolescent depression. The moderating role of self-esteem and the potential sex differences in the transmission process were tested by adding two- and three-way interactions among parental depression, self-esteem, and sex of adolescents in the models. As predicted, significant time-stable intergenerational transmission of depression was found, indicating that adolescents of parents with higher levels of depression were at increased risks for depression. Self-esteem was further found to buffer the negative effects of maternal depression on development of depression in offspring. No sex-specific intergenerational transmission of depression was observed. In sum, both maternal and paternal depression contributed to elevated levels of adolescent depression. The effects of maternal depression, however, may not be uniform, but depend on levels of self-esteem. Intervention and prevention strategies that enhance self-esteem may help participants withstand the negative effects of maternal depression.

College counseling services: Meeting today's demands.

This article is an introduction to the special issue of Psychological Services highlighting college counseling services as integral agents in public service delivery. The editors hope that readers across varied environments will enjoy learning of samples of the creative work being implemented across counseling centers to the benefit of all those who are served in public service settings. (PsycINFO Database Record