Incidencia e historia natural de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal en Castilla y León: estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico y poblacional / Incidence, and natural history of inflammatory bowel disease in Castilla y León: Prospective and multicenter epidemiological study

Introducción: La incidencia de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) está aumentando en todo el mundo. Objetivos: Evaluar la incidencia de EII en la comunidad autónoma de Castilla y León y describir las características clínicas de los pacientes al diagnóstico, el tipo de tratamiento recibido y la evolución clínica durante el primer año. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico y poblacional en el que se incluyeron pacientes adultos diagnosticados de EII (enfermedad de Crohn [EC], colitis ulcerosa [CU] o colitis indeterminada [CI]) durante el año 2017 procedentes de 8 centros de Castilla y León. Se incluyeron variables epidemiológicas, clínicas y terapéuticas. Se calculó la incidencia global y por enfermedades. Resultados: Doscientos noventa pacientes fueron diagnosticados de EII (54,5% de CU, 45.2% de EC y 0,3% de CI), con una mediana de seguimiento de 9 meses (rango 8-11). La tasa de incidencia fue de 16,6 casos/100.000 habitantes-año (9/105 casos de CU y 7,5/105 casos de EC), con una proporción CU/EC de 1,2:1. Los pacientes con EC recibieron significativamente más corticoides sistémicos (47% vs. 30%; p=0,002), más tratamiento inmunomodulador (81% vs. 19%; p=0,000), más tratamiento biológico (29% vs. 8%; p=0,000) y mayor necesidad de cirugía (11% vs. 2%; p=0,000). Conclusiones: La incidencia de pacientes con CU en nuestro medio se incrementa, mientras que la de EC se mantiene estable, con una historia natural de la enfermedad peor (uso de corticoides, inmunosupresores, biológicos y cirugía) para los pacientes con EC comparado con los pacientes con CU en el primer año de seguimiento.(AU)

Introduction: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing worldwide. Objectives: To evaluate the incidence of IBD in Castilla y León describing clinical characteristics of the patients at diagnosis, the type of treatment received and their clinical course during the first year. Materials and methods: Prospective, multicenter and population-based incidence cohort study. Patients aged >18 years diagnosed during 2017 with IBD (Crohn's disease [CD], ulcerative colitis [UC] and indeterminate colitis [IC]) were included from 8 hospitals in Castilla y León. Epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic variables were registered. The global incidence and disease incidence were calculated.Results290 patients were diagnosed with IBD (54.5% UC, 45.2% CD, and 0.3% IC), with a median follow-up of 9 months (range 8−11). The incidence rate of IBD in Castilla y Leon in 2017 was 16.6 cases per 10,000 inhabitants-year (9/105 UC cases and 7.5/105 CD cases), with a UC/CD ratio of 1.2:1. Use of systemic corticosteroids (47% vs 30%; P=.002), immunomodulatory therapy (81% vs 19%; P=.000), biological therapy (29% vs 8%; P=.000), and surgery (11% vs 2%; p=.000) were significatively higher among patients with CD comparing with those with UC. Conclusions: The incidence of patients with UC in our population increases while the incidence of patients with CD remains stable. Patients with CD present a worse natural history of the disease (use of corticosteroids, immunomodulatory therapy, biological therapy and surgery) compared to patients with UC in the first year of follow-up.(AU)

Incidence, and natural history of inflammatory bowel disease in Castilla y León: Prospective and multicenter epidemiological study. / Incidencia e historia natural de la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal en Castilla y León: estudio prospectivo, multicéntrico y poblacional.

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing worldwide. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the incidence of IBD in Castilla y León describing clinical characteristics of the patients at diagnosis, the type of treatment received and their clinical course during the first year. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective, multicenter and population-based incidence cohort study. Patients aged >18 years diagnosed during 2017 with IBD (Crohn's disease [CD], ulcerative colitis [UC] and indeterminate colitis [IC]) were included from 8 hospitals in Castilla y León. Epidemiological, clinical, and therapeutic variables were registered. The global incidence and disease incidence were calculated. RESULTS: 290 patients were diagnosed with IBD (54.5% UC, 45.2% CD, and 0.3% IC), with a median follow-up of 9 months (range 8-11). The incidence rate of IBD in Castilla y Leon in 2017 was 16.6 cases per 10,000 inhabitants-year (9/105 UC cases and 7.5/105 CD cases), with a UC/CD ratio of 1.2:1. Use of systemic corticosteroids (47% vs 30%; P=.002), immunomodulatory therapy (81% vs 19%; P=.000), biological therapy (29% vs 8%; P=.000), and surgery (11% vs 2%; p=.000) were significatively higher among patients with CD comparing with those with UC. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of patients with UC in our population increases while the incidence of patients with CD remains stable. Patients with CD present a worse natural history of the disease (use of corticosteroids, immunomodulatory therapy, biological therapy and surgery) compared to patients with UC in the first year of follow-up.

Preferences and satisfaction of IBD patients after switching from adalimumab 40 mg weekly to 80 mg every other week given as a single injection: the ADASCAL study.

BACKGROUND: A recently registered device containing 80 mg of adalimumab (ADA) allows an alternative dose escalation regimen with ADA 80 mg every other week (EOW) given as a single subcutaneous injection instead of 40 mg every week. The ADASCAL study evaluated the preferences and satisfaction of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients after switching their ADA regimen from 40 mg weekly to 80 mg EOW given with a single-dose pen. METHODS: In this multicentre cross-sectional study, patients in whom the ADA regimen was changed from 40 mg weekly to 80 mg EOW completed the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication (TSQM 1.4), a four-item questionnaire [a Likert-type 5-point scale for preferences, two closed questions for convenience and a 100-point visual analogue scale (VAS) to assess which escalated ADA regimen patients would prefer to continue] and two Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) questionnaires: the generic European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D) and disease-specific Spanish version of the Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ-9). RESULTS: In total, 77 patients (64 Crohn's disease and 13 ulcerative colitis) were included. The TSQM score showed a notably high global satisfaction [83.4, standard deviation (SD) = 14.1] of patients with ADA 80 mg EOW given with a single-dose pen, with high TSQM scores for individual components: effectiveness (77.6, SD = 16.9), convenience (83.7, SD = 14.5) and side effects (86.1, SD = 23.4). Most of the patients (74%) preferred the ADA EOW regimen (59.7% had strong preference, 14.3% slight preference). ADA EOW interferes less with daily activity (59.7%) and with travel plans (81.8%). Most patients (77%) would prefer to continue with ADA EOW (mean VAS score of 84.7, SD = 24.1, where 100 indicates a preference for ADA EOW). Patients reported high HRQoL scores on both the EQ-5D (72.3, SD = 20.1) and SIBDQ-9 (75.1, SD = 14.7). CONCLUSION: IBD patients in whom the ADA regimen was changed from 40 mg weekly to 80 mg EOW reported a higher preference for the EOW regimen and therefore most decided to continue with a single self-injection EOW.

Ensayo clínico comparando propofol versus propofol más midazolam en endoscopia diagnóstica en pacientes de bajo riesgo anestésico / A clinical trial comparing propofol versus propofol plus midazolam in diagnostic endoscopy of patients with a low anesthetic risk

Antecedentes y objetivos: propofol y midazolam son dos de los fármacos más utilizados en la endoscopia digestiva alta (EDA). El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar dos protocolos de sedación utilizando estos fármacos en pacientes sometidos a una EDA en términos de seguridad, eficiencia, calidad de la exploración y aceptación del paciente. Pacientes y métodos: estudio prospectivo, randomizado y a doble ciego, en el que se incluyó a 83 pacientes de 18-80 años, de bajo riesgo anestésico (ASA I-II) sometidos a EDA diagnóstica, aleatorizados a recibir propofol más placebo (grupo A) o midazolam más propofol (grupo B). Resultados: en el grupo A, 42 pacientes recibieron un bolo de placebo (suero salino) y propofol en bolos de 20 mg hasta una media de 115 mg; en el grupo B, 41 pacientes recibieron 3 mg de midazolam y bolos de 20 mg de propofol hasta una media 83 mg. No hubo diferencias significativas en los efectos adversos en ambos grupos y los que se presentaron se trataron de forma conservadora. Los pacientes en el grupo B (midazolam más propofol) alcanzaron de forma más rápida la sedación deseada sin variar el tiempo global de la exploración. La calidad en la evaluación endoscópica fue similar en ambos grupos y los pacientes se sintieron igualmente satisfechos con ambos regímenes de sedación. Conclusiones: la sedación con midazolam más propofol no afecta al tiempo global de la exploración, utiliza menos dosis de propofol, es tan segura como la administración del propofol en monoterapia, proporciona igual calidad de exploración y similar aceptación por los pacientes

Background and objectives: propofol and midazolam are two of the most commonly used sedatives in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE). The objective of this study was to evaluate these two sedation regimens administered to patients who underwent an UGE with regard to security, efficiency, quality of exploration and patient response. Patients and methods: a prospective, randomized and double-blind study was performed which included 83 patients between 18 and 80 years of age of a low anesthetic risk (ASA - American Society of Anesthesiologists- I-II) who underwent a diagnostic UGE. Patients were randomized to receive sedation with either placebo plus propofol (group A) or midazolam plus propofol (group B). Results: in group A, 42 patients received a placebo bolus (saline solution) and on average up to 115 mg of propofol in boluses of 20 mg. In group B, 41 patients received 3 mg of midazolam and an average of up to 83 mg of propofol in boluses of 20 mg. There were no significant differences in the adverse effects observed in either group and all adverse events were treated conservatively. The patients in group B (midazolam plus propofol) entered the desired sedated state more quickly with no variation in the overall time of the exploration. The quality of the endoscopic evaluation was similar in both groups and the patients were equally satisfied regardless of the sedatives they received. Conclusions: the use of midazolam plus propofol as a sedative does not affect the overall exploration time, a lower dose of propofol can be used and it is as safe as administering propofol as a monotherapy while providing the same level of both exploration quality and patient approval

A clinical trial comparing propofol versus propofol plus midazolam in diagnostic endoscopy of patients with a low anesthetic risk.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: propofol and midazolam are two of the most commonly used sedatives in upper gastrointestinal endoscopy (UGE). The objective of this study was to evaluate these two sedation regimens administered to patients who underwent an UGE with regard to security, efficiency, quality of exploration and patient response. PATIENTS AND METHODS: a prospective, randomized and double-blind study was performed which included 83 patients between 18 and 80 years of age of a low anesthetic risk (ASA - American Society of Anesthesiologists- I-II) who underwent a diagnostic UGE. Patients were randomized to receive sedation with either placebo plus propofol (group A) or midazolam plus propofol (group B). RESULTS: in group A, 42 patients received a placebo bolus (saline solution) and on average up to 115 mg of propofol in boluses of 20 mg. In group B, 41 patients received 3 mg of midazolam and an average of up to 83 mg of propofol in boluses of 20 mg. There were no significant differences in the adverse effects observed in either group and all adverse events were treated conservatively. The patients in group B (midazolam plus propofol) entered the desired sedated state more quickly with no variation in the overall time of the exploration. The quality of the endoscopic evaluation was similar in both groups and the patients were equally satisfied regardless of the sedatives they received. CONCLUSIONS: the use of midazolam plus propofol as a sedative does not affect the overall exploration time, a lower dose of propofol can be used and it is as safe as administering propofol as a monotherapy while providing the same level of both exploration quality and patient approval.

Granulomatous appendicitis as an uncommon cause of abdominal pain. Description of a case.

Granulomatous appendicitis is an uncommon cause of acute abdomen. Its etiology can be infectious in nature, noninfectious or idiopathic. We present the case of a patient of whom we got to know about due to an urgent colonoscopy. At the cecum, the appendicular fold was thickened and the mucosa had erythema and nodularity. The diagnosis is made by pathology, as in the majority of cases in this entity. The surgical treatment is curative.

Apendicitis granulomatosa como causa infrecuente de dolor abdominal. Descripción de un caso / Granulomatous appendicitis as an uncommon cause of abdominal pain. Description of a case

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Colestasis intrahepática grave asociada a la ingesta decetiricina / Severe intrahepatic cholestasis associated with cetirizine

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Hematoma hepático subcapsular secundario al empleo de una guía hidrofílica durante una colangiopancreatografía retrógrada endoscópica / Subcapsular hepatic hematoma secondary to the use of hydrophilic guidewires during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

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Un caso más que dudoso de uveítis anterior relacionada con fármacos. Respuesta / A doubtful case of anterior uveitis drug related. Author´s reply

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Uveítis anterior en paciente tratada con interferón pegilado y ribavirina / Anterior uveitis in a patient treated with pegylated interferon and ribavirin

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Hemorragia gastrointestinal recurrente por hemangioma mesentérico con afección del intestino delgado / Recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding or mesenteric hemangioma with small intestine involvement

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