Lesión renal aguda en niños poscirugía cardíaca: factores de riesgo e impacto evolutivo. Estudio de cohorte retrospectiva / Acute kidney injury in children after cardiac surgery: Risk factors and outcomes. A retrospective, cohort study

Introducción. La lesión renal aguda (LRA) ha sido descrita como una complicación frecuente de las cirugías cardíacas en pacientes pediátricos, con impacto documentado en la morbimortalidad. Se estima una incidencia de alrededor del 40 % en este grupo de pacientes. El objetivo del trabajo fue calcular la incidencia de LRA en pacientes que tuvieron cirugía cardiovascular, definir los factores de riesgo asociados y el impacto de la LRA en los parámetros de evolución posquirúrgica.Población y métodos:Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo observacional sobre pacientes pediátricos con cirugías cardiovasculares, operados entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2017 en el Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires. Se definió la incidencia de LRA según los criterios de Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes, considerando los valores de creatininemia y ritmo diurético pre- y posquirúrgicos.Resultados.Se incluyeron un total de 125 pacientes. Un 35 % desarrolló LRA. Al analizar los factores de riesgo, se observó una diferencia estadísticamente significativa para administración de vancomicina, diuréticos tiazídicos, requerimiento transfusional de glóbulos rojos, tiempo de bomba de circulación extracorpórea, de clampeo, lactato máximo intraquirúrgico, temperatura mínima y cierre diferido del tórax. Entre los parámetros de evolución posquirúrgica, se observó un incremento en la duración de la internación, requerimiento de inotrópicos, días de asistencia respiratoria mecánica, sangrado y complicaciones neurológicas.Conclusión. La incidencia de LRA en este estudio fue del 35 %. Se pudieron definir factores de riesgo modificables y no modificables asociados, y se detectó una mayor incidencia de complicaciones en aquellos pacientes que desarrollaron LRA

Introduction. Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been described as a common complication of cardiac surgery in pediatric patients, whose impact on morbidity and mortality has been documented. Its incidence has been estimated to be approximately 40 % in this patient group. The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of AKI in patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery and to define associated risk factors and the impact of AKI on the parameters of the post-operative course.Population and methods. This was a retrospective, observational study of pediatric patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery between January 2015 and December 2017 at Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires. The incidence of AKI was defined as per the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria, based on pre- and post-operative blood creatinine levels and urine output.Results. A total of 125 patients were included. Of them, 35 % developed AKI. The analysis of risk factors showed a statistically significant difference for the administration of vancomycin and thiazide diuretics, red blood cell transfusion requirement, extracorporeal circulation pump time, clamp time, maximal intraoperative lactate level, minimum temperature, and delayed chest closure. In relation to the parameters of the post-operative course, we observed a longer hospital stay, higher inotropic requirement, more days of mechanical ventilation, bleeding, and neurological complications.Conclusion. In this study, the incidence of AKI was 35 %. Modifiable and non-modifiable associated risk factors were defined and a greater rate of complications was observed in patients who developed AKI.

Acute kidney injury in children after cardiac surgery: Risk factors and outcomes. A retrospective, cohort study. / Lesión renal aguda en niños poscirugía cardíaca: factores de riesgo e impacto evolutivo. Estudio de cohorte retrospectiva.

INTRODUCTION: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been described as a common complication of cardiac surgery in pediatric patients, whose impact on morbidity and mortality has been documented. Its incidence has been estimated to be approximately 40 % in this patient group. The objective of this study was to estimate the incidence of AKI in patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery and to define associated risk factors and the impact of AKI on the parameters of the postoperative course. POPULATION AND METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational study of pediatric patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery between January 2015 and December 2017 at Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires. The incidence of AKI was defined as per the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes criteria, based on pre- and post-operative blood creatinine levels and urine output. RESULTS: A total of 125 patients were included. Of them, 35 % developed AKI. The analysis of risk factors showed a statistically significant difference for the administration of vancomycin and thiazide diuretics, red blood cell transfusion requirement, extracorporeal circulation pump time, clamp time, maximal intraoperative lactate level, minimum temperature, and delayed chest closure. In relation to the parameters of the post-operative course, we observed a longer hospital stay, higher inotropic requirement, more days of mechanical ventilation, bleeding, and neurological complications. CONCLUSION: In this study, the incidence of AKI was 35 %. Modifiable and non-modifiable associated risk factors were defined and a greater rate of complications was observed in patients who developed AKI.

Introducción. La lesión renal aguda (LRA) ha sido descrita como una complicación frecuente de las cirugías cardíacas en pacientes pediátricos, con impacto documentado en la morbimortalidad. Se estima una incidencia de alrededor del 40 % en este grupo de pacientes. El objetivo del trabajo fue calcular la incidencia de LRA en pacientes que tuvieron cirugía cardiovascular, definir los factores de riesgo asociados y el impacto de la LRA en los parámetros de evolución posquirúrgica. Población y métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo observacional sobre pacientes pediátricos con cirugías cardiovasculares, operados entre enero de 2015 y diciembre de 2017 en el Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires. Se definió la incidencia de LRA según los criterios de Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes, considerando los valores de creatininemia y ritmo diurético pre- y posquirúrgicos. Resultados. Se incluyeron un total de 125 pacientes. Un 35 % desarrolló LRA. Al analizar los factores de riesgo, se observó una diferencia estadísticamente significativa para administración de vancomicina, diuréticos tiazídicos, requerimiento transfusional de glóbulos rojos, tiempo de bomba de circulación extracorpórea, de clampeo, lactato máximo intraquirúrgico, temperatura mínima y cierre diferido del tórax. Entre los parámetros de evolución posquirúrgica, se observó un incremento en la duración de la internación, requerimiento de inotrópicos, días de asistencia respiratoria mecánica, sangrado y complicaciones neurológicas. Conclusión. La incidencia de LRA en este estudio fue del 35 %. Se pudieron definir factores de riesgo modificables y no modificables asociados, y se detectó una mayor incidencia de complicaciones en aquellos pacientes que desarrollaron LRA.

Rickettsial Disease in the Peruvian Amazon Basin.

Using a large, passive, clinic-based surveillance program in Iquitos, Peru, we characterized the prevalence of rickettsial infections among undifferentiated febrile cases and obtained evidence of pathogen transmission in potential domestic reservoir contacts and their ectoparasites. Blood specimens from humans and animals were assayed for spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) and typhus group rickettsiae (TGR) by ELISA and/or PCR; ectoparasites were screened by PCR. Logistic regression was used to determine associations between patient history, demographic characteristics of participants and symptoms, clinical findings and outcome of rickettsial infection. Of the 2,054 enrolled participants, almost 2% showed evidence of seroconversion or a 4-fold rise in antibody titers specific for rickettsiae between acute and convalescent blood samples. Of 190 fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) and 60 ticks (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) tested, 185 (97.4%) and 3 (5%), respectively, were positive for Rickettsia spp. Candidatus Rickettsia asemboensis was identified in 100% and 33% of the fleas and ticks tested, respectively. Collectively, our serologic data indicates that human pathogenic SFGR are present in the Peruvian Amazon and pose a significant risk of infection to individuals exposed to wild, domestic and peri-domestic animals and their ectoparasites.

Ovarian function in captive owl monkeys (Aotus nancymaae and A. vociferans).

BACKGROUND: Ovarian function and morphology of owl monkeys (Aotus spp.) is inadequately known, but it is essential to describe this organ in detail to better understand reproductive patterns of the species. METHODS: This study reports the anatomical and histological features of the ovaries from 41 owl monkeys, considering their reproductive status and parity. RESULTS: The corpora lutea (CL) and reproductive state had a significant effect on ovarian volume. Follicles were observed in both pregnant and non-pregnant subjects. All females in the luteal phase and pregnant females showed at least one cyclic or pregnancy CL. Mean ovulation rate was 1.89 CL/female, and the mean ovum mortality was 37.5%. There were no significant differences in ovarian volume related to parity. CONCLUSIONS: These results contribute to the scarce information available on the reproductive biology of owl monkeys and can aid in the development of biotechnologies involved in assisted reproduction.

Functional morphology of the tubular genital organs in the female owl monkey (Aotus spp.).

BACKGROUND: Studies on reproductive morphology are important to understand the reproductive cycle of non-human primates. METHODS: This study describes the functional morphology of the adult female tubular genital organs in 41 Aotus (12.8 ± 6.8 years old, ranging from 3 to 25 years), with respect to reproductive status and number of parturitions. RESULTS: In females with developing embryos, endometrial glands showed a higher secretion than other females, and the embryo implantation occupied this secretive endometrium. Changes in the thickening, number of layers, and keratinization in the vaginal epithelium suggest that vaginal cytology may be an indicator of the estrous cycle. Non-pregnant multiparous females had a larger uterine body than nulliparous females. Number of parturitions and reproductive state had an impact on tubular genital organs in female owl monkeys. CONCLUSIONS: These results can be useful for the development of biotechnologies of reproduction and for improvement of the management of this species.

Molecular phylogenetics and phylogeography of all the Saimiri taxa (Cebidae, Primates) inferred from mt COI and COII gene sequences.

Some previous genetic studies have been performed to resolve the molecular phylogenetics of the squirrel monkeys (Saimiri). However, these studies did not show consensus in how many taxa are within this genus and what the relationships among them are. For this reason, we sequenced 2,237 base pairs of the mt COI and COII genes in 218 Saimiri individuals. All, less 12 S. sciureus sciureus from French Guyana, were sampled in the wild. These samples represented all the living Saimiri taxa recognized. There were four main findings of this study. (1) Our analysis detected 17 different Saimiri groups: albigena, cassiquiarensis, five polyphyletic macrodon groups, three polyphyletic ustus groups, sciureus, collinsi, boliviensis, peruviensis, vanzolinii, oerstedii and citrinellus. Four different phylogenetic trees showed the Central American squirrel monkey (S. oerstedii) as the most differentiated taxon. In contrast, albigena was indicated to be the most recent taxon. (2) There was extensive hybridization and/or historical introgression among albigena, different macrodon groups, peruviensis, sciureus and collinsi. (3) Different tests showed that our maximum likelihood tree was consistent with two species of Saimiri: S. oerstedii and S. sciureus. If no cases of hybridization were detected implicating S. vanzolinii, this could be a third recognized species. (4) We also estimated that the first temporal splits within this genus occurred around 1.4-1.6 million years ago, which indicates that the temporal split events within Saimiri were correlated with Pleistocene climatic changes. If the biological species concept is applied because, in this case, it is operative due to observed hybridization in the wild, the number of species within this genus is probably more limited than recently proposed by other authors. The Pleistocene was the fundamental epoch when the mitochondrial Saimiri diversification process occurred.

Epidemiology of spotted fever group and typhus group rickettsial infection in the Amazon basin of Peru.

A seroprevalence study for IgG antibodies against spotted fever group (SFGR) and typhus group (TGR) Rickettsia among humans and domestic pets was conducted in the city of Iquitos, located in the Amazon basin of Peru. Of 1,195 human sera analyzed, 521 (43.6%) and 123 (10.3%) were positive for SFGR and TGR antibodies, respectively. District of residence and participant age were associated with antibody positivity for both groups, whereas rodent sightings in the home were associated with TGR antibody positivity. Of the 71 canines tested, 42 (59.2%) were positive for SFGR antibodies, and two (2.8%) were positive for TGR antibodies; one active SFGR infection was detected by polymerase chain reaction. An uncharacterized SFGR species was detected in 95.9% (71/74) of Ctenocephalides felis pools collected from domestic pets. These data suggest that rickettsial transmission is widespread in Iquitos. Rickettsia species should be further explored as potential causes of acute febrile illnesses in the region.

Epidemiología y clínica de las metástasis cutáneas en un hospital de Lima-Perú: Período 1996-2006 / Epidemiology and clinics of cutaneous metastases in a hospitalfrom LimaûPeru. Period 1996-2006

OBJETIVO: Determinar las características epidemiológicas y clínicas de las metástasis cutáneas en el Hospital Nacional EsSalud Edgardo Rebagliati Martins (HNERM) en el período 1996-2006. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo de tipo serie de casos. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por los pacientes con diagnóstico de metástasis cutánea en el HNERM entre los años 1996 y 2006; no se realizó muestreo por ser la población pequeña y accesible. Los pacientes fueron seleccionados de acuerdo a criterios de inclusión y exclusión. Se revisó las historias clínicas de los pacientes obteniéndose las características epidemiológicas, clínicas, histopatológicas y supervivencia. RESULTADOS: Se diagnosticó 51 casos de metástasis cutáneas. La edad promedio fue de 65.0 ±15.4 años, el 58.8% correspondió al sexo femenino y el 41.2% al sexo masculino. El 29.4% se situó entre los 70-79 años, el 31.4% tenía diagnóstico previo de cáncer y el 23.5% tenía antecedentes familiares de cáncer. Se diagnosticó la metástasis cutánea antes que la neoplasia maligna primaria en el 67%. Las metástasis tuvieron origen en neoplasias dermatológicas en el 51.0% y en tumores de órganos sólidos en el 49.0% (cánceres de mama, riñón y vejiga). Los pacientes acudieron a consulta por presentar lesiones de tipo nódulo (31.4%) y tumor (9.8%). Las metástasis se localizaron en los varones predominantemente en el tórax posterior (19.0%) y en las piernas (14.3%); mientras que, en el tórax anterior (46.7%) y cuero cabelludo (23.3%) en las mujeres. La mediana de la supervivencia fue de 5.6 años. CONCLUSIONES: En el HNERM las metástasis cutáneas se presentan a edades avanzadas, predominan las de origen hematológico así como las originarias de mama y con frecuencia constituyen el primer signo para la identificación de una neoplasia oculta. Es relevante el antecedente familiar de neoplasia en los pacientes.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the clinical and epidemiology characteristics of cutaneous metastases at Hospital Nacional EsSalud Edgardo Rebagliati Martins during 1996-2006. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Descriptive study of cases series. The study population was constituted by patients with diagnoses of cutaneous metastases attended in the Hospital Edgardo Rebagliati Martins Essalud between 1996 and 2006; sampling was not performed because of population was small and accessible. Patients were selected in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Clinical past histories of patients were revised obtaining the next clinical, epidemiology and histopathology characteristics. Data obtained was registered in an instrument of data recollection and became part of a database. RESULTS: A total of 51 cutaneous metastases cases were diagnosed. The mean age of patientswas 65.0 ± 15.4 years, 58.8% corresponded female and the remaining 41.2% were male. The higher frequency was in patients between 70-79 years (29.4%), 31.4 % had previous diagnoses of cancer and 23.5% had family history of cancer (mainly father and brother). Cutaneous metastases were diagnosed before primary malignant neoplasea in 67% of patients. Metastases originated in hematological malignancies in 51.0% of cases and solid organ tumors in the remaining 49.0%. Solid organ tumors that most often gave rise to cutaneous metastases were breast, kidney and bladder. The patients attended mainly consulted for nodule like lesions (31.4%) and tumor (9.8%). Metastases were located predominantly in men in the posterior thorax (19.0%) and legs (14.3%), while in the anterior thorax (46.7%) and scalp (23.3%) in women. CONCLUSIONS: In the Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati, cutaneous metastases occur in later life, predominantly hematologic origin and those originating in breast and are often the first sign for the identification of occult neoplasy. It is relevant the family history of neoplasia in patients.

Impetigo herpetiforme: reporte de un caso / Impetigo herpetiformis: a case report

El impétigo herpetiforme es una rara dermatosis pustular no infecciosa que se presenta en el embarazo especialmente en el último trimestre. Describimos el caso de una gestante primigesta, de 21 años quien presentó en el último trimestre compromiso cutáneo, que inicia en palma de manos, antebrazo, miembros inferiores y abdomen, tratado con prednisona a 30 mg/dia con buena evolución tanto para la madre y el producto Se presenta el caso por ser inusual y se revisa la literatura.

Impetigo herpetiformis is a rare non-infectious pustular dermatosis that occurs in pregnancy, especially in the last quarter. We describe the case of a pregnant primigravida, aged 21 who presented in the last quarter cutaneou sinvolvement, which began in palm of hands, forearms, lower limbs and abdomen, treated with prednisone at 30 mg / day with a good outcomefor both mother and the product.

Micosis fungoide granulomatosa con linfadenopatías sarcoidales no neoplasicas: reporte de caso y revisiónde literatura / Granulomatous mycosis fungoides associated to sarcoid-like limphadenopathies non neoplasic

Presentamos el caso de una paciente mujer quien desarrolla un episodio de eritrodermia y adenopatías, luego de muchos años, lesiones localizadas en placa compatibles con micosis fungoide granulomatosa presentando una reacción granulomatosa sarcoidal en ganglios durante un periodo de remisión de la enfermedad. La extensión extra cutánea se puede observar en un tercio de los pacientes con micosis fungoide yse asocia a transformación a linfoma anaplásico de células grandes CD30. Otras explicaciones al desarrollo de granulomas sarcoideos son: el desarrollo de sarcoidosis concomitante, asociada o no al linfoma y reacciones sarcoidosis like (en respuesta a antígenos o citoquinas tumorales; en relacióna drogas como la bleomicina, contraste). Algunos autores proponen la existencia de un síndrome linfoma sarcoidosis caracterizado por sarcoidosis activa crónica que inicia el cuadro linfoproliferativo luego de la sarcoidosis. En el caso de nuestra paciente se desarrollan las adenopatías durante un periodo de remisión de la enfermedad en las que no se observa infiltración linfomatoide neoplasica, esto nos orienta a pensar que se trata de una reacción sarcoidosis like ganglionar secundaria a la liberación de citoquinas y antígenos tumorales luego de la radioterapia o que podría tratarse de un caso de sarcoidosisasociada incipiente.

Here we report the case of a female patient who developed an episode of eritrodermia and adenopathies, after many years focus injuries in plate compatible with granulomatous mycosis fungoides presenting a granulomatous sarcoid reaction in ganglia during the sickness remission period. The extra cutaneous extension can be present in one third of the patients with mycosis fungoides and associated with the big cells CD 30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Other explanations to the granulomatous sarcoides development are: the sarcoidosis consistent development, associated or not to the lymphoma and reactions sarcoidosis-like (in response to antigens or tumoral cytokines; related to drugs like bleomicine, contrast). Some authors propose the existence of a syndrome sarcoidosislymphoma characterized by chronic active sarcoidosis that starts the lymphoproliferative scheme after the sarcoidosis. In our case, the patient develops the adenopathies during a sickness remission period which does not show neoplasic lymphomatoid infiltration; that suggest being a sarcoidosis reaction like ganglionar secondary to the cytokines and tumoral antigens liberation after radiotherapy that mey be a incipient case of sarcoidosis associated. Here we report the case of a female patient who developed an episode of eritrodermia and adenopathies, after many years focus injuries in plate compatible with granulomatous mycosis fungoides presenting a granulomatous sarcoid reaction in ganglia during the sickness remission period. The extra cutaneous extension can be present in one third of the patients with mycosis fungoides and associated with the big cells CD 30+ anaplastic large cell lymphoma. Other explanations to the granulomatous sarcoides development are: the sarcoidosis consistent development, associated or not to the lymphoma and reactions sarcoidosis-like (in response to antigens or tumoral cytokines; related to drugs like bleomicine, contrast). Some authors propose the existence of a syndrome sarcoidosis-lymphoma characterized by chronic active sarcoidosis that starts the lymphoproliferative scheme after the sarcoidosis. In our case, the patient develops the adenopathies during a sickness remission period which does not show neoplasic lymphomatoid infiltration; that suggest being a sarcoidosis reaction like ganglionar secondary to the cytokines and tumoral antigens liberation after radiotherapy that mey be a incipient case of sarcoidosis associated.

Monitoring of leptospirosis seroprevalence in a colony of captive collared peccaries (Tayassu tajacu) from the Peruvian Amazon.

Leptospirosis, an endemic zoonoses, is maintained in the environment by several wildlife species in the Peruvian Amazon. In order to evaluate the possible role of collared peccaries (CP) in the maintenance this disease, two serological surveys of leptospirosis were performed and zootechnical parameters were monitored in a captive CP colony in an interval of 27 months. Total seroprevalence changed from 100% (n=27) to 86.4% (n=22), with reactions to a diversity of serogroups of zoonotic importance. Serological reactions to Leptospira licerasiae serogroup Iquitos, a new species recently identified locally and Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae were highly prevalent. The observation of leptospiral antibodies in both surveys, changes on serological reactions to different serogroups in large part of the herd and poor reproductive performances, provided an indication of the role of CP farms as a favourable environment for maintaining leptospirosis. Further research regarding the role of CP in the epidemiology of leptospirosis in the Peruvian Amazon is encouraged.

Serum estradiol-17beta, vaginal cytology and vulval appearance as predictors of estrus cyclicity in the female collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) from the eastern Amazon region.

This report describes the characteristics of estrus in the female collared peccary (Tayassu tajacu) from the eastern Amazon. Two consecutive experiments were performed. The objective of the first experiment was to assess the efficacy of estrus diagnosis by serum estradiol-17beta measurements, vaginal cytology and vulval appearance. The second experiment was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of these features for predicting the period of mating acceptance. In Experiment 1, we monitored 56 presumptive estruses in 14 captive females. Estrus was characterized by the reddish and tumescent appearance of the vulva, the presence of vaginal mucus and vaginal opening, which persisted for 4, 4, 2, and 2 days, respectively. In vaginal smears, superficial plus intermediate cells became predominant (accounting for 60% of all cells) for a 4-day period, from 2 days before the estradiol-17beta peak. Superficial cells did not attain their maximum density (45% of all cells) until approximately 1 day before the serum estradiol-17beta peak. Following estrus, superficial and intermediate cells were notably reduced and the appearance of the vulval appearance was characterized by a pale, non-tumescent vulva and vaginal closure. A complete concordance in estrus diagnosis by the 3 methodologies was observed in 35 (62.5%) of the total 56 estrus predictions. In Experiment 2, mating was confirmed in 10 out of the 14 cyclic females. Sexual receptivity was observed in the last third of the period during which secondary estrus signs were shown. In conclusion, examining the vulval appearance and taking a vaginal smear constitutes a useful method of detecting estrus and predicting the period of male acceptance of the collared peccary female. Estrus was indicated by a predominance of superficial cells, and a proportion of superficial plus intermediate cells higher than 60% in the vaginal smear.

Percutaneous treatment of transplant renal artery stenosis in children.

Percutaneous treatment of renal artery stenosis (RAS) is an accepted procedure and numerous reports have been published. However, experience with its use in RAS in the transplanted kidney in children is scarce. Since 1994 we have diagnosed RAS in seven children with the use of Doppler ultrasonography (US), confirming it with percutaneous angiography (PAG). In six of the seven patients percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) was performed. In one patient a metallic stent was placed due to the extension of the arterial lesion, and a second stent was placed in another child when a re-stenosis was diagnosed 1 month after the PTA. All patients presented with hypertension (de novo or 30% increase over previous values). After ruling out acute rejection, calcineurin inhibitor toxicity, and urinary obstruction, US was performed and, when an increase in arterial flux velocity was registered, PAG was also performed. Six children showed an increase in serum creatinine (Cr) and proteinuria. Blood pressure decreased after the procedure and Cr returned to previous levels in all children. One of the grafts was lost due to chronic transplant rejection 7 years later. The other children have a functioning kidney. Although this is a small group of patients, the consistently good results and the lack of reported experience prompted us to communicate our preliminary observation.

Calidad de vida en niños mexicanos con fibrosis quística / Quality of life in mexican children with cystic fibrosis

Our interest was to determine the quality of life of mexican children who attended to the National Institute of Pediatrics in Mexico City. A comparative, observational, descriptive and retrospective study was done in children diagnosed with cystic fibrosis with ages between 5 to 18 years. The FQ Mex scale was administered to each child in order to determine their quality of life. A comparison with children without cystic fibrosis was done. Twelve boys and 6 girls with cystic fibrosis were included and 9 healthy children were enrolled as controls. A statistical difference was found between both groups in the FQ Mex scale (p<0.05) for the respiratory area which did not occur with the infectious, gastrointestinal, genitourinary and nutritional aspects. The most probable explanation that it is easier to control these clinical areas with antibiotics and pancreatic enzymes than the respiratory symptoms. The FQ Mex scale is a useful instrument that provides a good idea of the quality of life in children with cystic fibrosis