RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an important public health problem due to its disabling character and high individual, familial and social costs. The CERAD neuropsychological battery has been widely used for evaluation and diagnosis of the cognitive deficit associated with AD. This instrument has been adapted to the Colombian culture (CERAD-Col) for the Neurosciences Group. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A study was carried out to establish the validity and reliability of the CERAD-Col in Colombian, Spanish-speaking individuals aged 50 years or more. It included 151 controls and 151 AD patients. Controls were selected from a convenience sample of 848 adults aged 50 years or more. The construct validity was determined in three ways: 1) factorial analysis; 2) correlation with the functional scales FAST and GDS (convergent-type validity) and, 3) comparison between the two groups. Internal consistency was determined by means of Cronbach's alpha coefficient. RESULTS: Three factors -memory, language and praxis- explained 88% of the total variance. Moderate but statistically significant correlations were found between neuropsychological tests and functional scales. Internal consistency and test-retest reproducibility were high. The AD group exhibited significantly lower scores (p < 0.05) than the control one. CONCLUSION: CERAD-Col is valid and reliable for the diagnosis of AD in Colombian Spanish-speaking population aged 50 years or more.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Alzheimer/psicología , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Enfermedad de Alzheimer/epidemiología , Colombia/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Pruebas del Lenguaje , Masculino , Trastornos de la Memoria/epidemiología , Trastornos de la Memoria/psicología , Persona de Mediana Edad , Desempeño Psicomotor , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
Se trataron con Famotidina (MK-208=Pepcidine M.S.D.), 40 mg nocturnos, 37 pacientes con diagnóstico endoscópico de úlcera doudenal, de los cuales el 82.4 por ciento mostraron una respuesta excelente, siendo buena en el resto. Desde el punto de vista endoscópico, las úlceras que cicatrizaron lo hicieron entre la cuarta y sexta semana de tratamiento. En ninguno de los pacientes se observaron efectos colaterales mayores y los exámenes de laboratorio fueron normales antes y después del tratamiento
Asunto(s)
Adulto , Anciano , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Famotidina/uso terapéutico , Úlcera Duodenal/tratamiento farmacológico , Endoscopía GastrointestinalRESUMEN
A review is presented of the characteristics of 432 users of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Control Program sponsored by the Public Health Departmental Laboratory of Antioquia, Colombia, who were seen between July 1988 and June 1989. The prevalence of seropositivity to HIV was 29.4%, while that of AIDS was 6.7%. Eight of the seropositive subjects were women. The average age on entrance into the Program was 28.7 +/- 7.9, and it was significantly higher among the seropositive subjects. The study sample was divided into four subgroups: women, bisexual men, homosexual men, and heterosexual men. In all the subgroups the prevalence of high-risk sexual practices was high and the percentage of condom utilization was low. Frequency of exposure to different risk factors, such as injections, transfusions of blood or other fluids, surgical interventions, tattoos, consumption of alcohol and other psychoactive substances, acupuncture, and sexual preference and practices, was determined. HIV seropositivity for the group as a whole was associated with sexual relations with infected persons (OR = 3.96), active anal coitus (OR = 3.81), sexual relations with men (OR = 3.69), passive anal coitus (OR = 3.35), and sexual relations abroad (OR = 2.24). In men, HIV seropositivity was associated with anal coitus (OR = 4.0), homosexual relations (OR = 3.96), sexual relations with infected persons (OR = 3.75), and sexual relations abroad (OR = 1.88); in women there was an association with intravenous drug use (chi 2 = 10.72) and with sexual relations abroad (OR = 12.67).
Asunto(s)
Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida/epidemiología , Infecciones por VIH/prevención & control , Seroprevalencia de VIH , Adolescente , Adulto , Instituciones de Atención Ambulatoria , Niño , Colombia/epidemiología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Conducta Sexual , Abuso de Sustancias por Vía Intravenosa/complicaciones , Viaje , Población UrbanaRESUMEN
Se estudiaron 175 madres y sus hijos determinando los marcadores del virus de Hepatitis B, para establecer la frecuencia de portadores de esta infección, que fue del 8.5 por ciento. Se determinó la ausencia de relación entre la seropositividad y los factores de riesgo de ser portador. No se encontraron marcadores en la sangre del cordon umbilical de los neonatos. Se hacen recomendaciones tanto en el control prenatal como sobre las medidas terapéuticas a ser tomadas
Asunto(s)
Embarazo , Recién Nacido , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , gammaglobulinas , Anticuerpos contra la Hepatitis B , Antígenos de la Hepatitis B , Vacunas contra Hepatitis B , Hepatitis B/prevención & control , EmbarazoRESUMEN
Se revisan los casos de carcinoma primario de la vesícula biliar diagnosticados en el Hospital San Juan de Dios de Bogotá, durante 10 años (1977-1986). Se informan 59 casos, todos con confirmación histológica. Esta entidad es más frecuente en mujeres, los síntomas son poco específicos y de corta duración. El diagnóstico con frecuencia es hecho tardíamente y el pronóstico es pésimo. La laparoscopia es el método diagnóstico más fidedigno y se recomienda practicar a todos los pacientes sospechosos de padecer esta neoplasia