Binge eating symptomatology in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Several factors may contribute to binge eating behaviors in PCOS. However, findings are contradictory and studies in the adolescence are limited. We aimed to evaluate the eating attitudes of adolescents with PCOS and the possible etiological factors underlying the association between PCOS and binge eating symptomology. Between 2019 and 2022, 46 newly diagnosed adolescents with PCOS and 56 controls matched for age and BMI z-score were included. The Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, Three Factor Eating Questionnaire-R18, and a questionnaire assessing postprandial reactive hypoglycemia symptom severity were given. Binge eating symptomology, in terms of over, uncontrolled, and emotional eating, were more prevalent in the PCOS group. Uncontrolled, emotional, and binge eating were positively correlated with postprandial reactive hypoglycemia symptom score. Overeating was also associated with clinical hyperandrogenism. Improving the disease outcome and reducing the future complications requires early recognition and management of emotional and uncontrolled eating behaviors in adolescents with PCOS.

An Assessment of the Quality of YouTube Videos as a Resource for Adolescents Experiencing Abnormal Uterine Bleeding.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: YouTube, the largest accessible media-sharing platform, has become an important tool for pursuing health-related information. Adolescents may find it challenging to seek counseling or access adolescent-friendly services for menstruation-related problems, so YouTube may be a useful resource. The aim of this study was to examine the reliability, quality, and accuracy of YouTube videos concerning abnormal uterine bleeding in adolescents. METHODS: A YouTube search using the key words "adolescent, teens, heavy period, abnormal uterine bleeding, heavy menstrual bleeding" yielded 109 videos. Video features (duration, time since upload, likes, views, comments), sources of upload, and content were recorded. All the videos were reviewed by 2 adolescent medicine specialists and scored using the Journal of the American Medical Association, the 5-point modified DISCERN tool, and the Global Quality Scale. RESULTS: Fifty-eight videos met the inclusion criteria. Most (62.1%) were created by non-professionals, and a significant portion (81%) contained general descriptions. On the basis of the DISCERN classification, 50% exhibited poor quality. Similarly, the Journal of the American Medical Association assessment indicated that only 36.2% satisfied the requirements for good quality. The videos uploaded by professionals exhibited notably superior quality in comparison with those uploaded by non-professionals. Additionally, higher-quality videos were longer (P = .040) and more recent (P = .011). CONCLUSION: Mot YouTube videos about adolescent abnormal uterine bleeding provide low-quality information. We believe that increasing the number of videos tailored by health care providers specializing in adolescent gynecology to address the specific physical and psychosocial needs of adolescents with menstrual problems would be beneficial.

Decreased antioxidant capacity with serum native thiol and total thiol levels in children with hemophilia A: a prospective case-control study.

BACKGROUND: Experimental studies have addressed the role of oxidant stress in the pathogenesis of Hemophilia A. This study aimed to determine whether dynamic thiol-disulfide exchange, a recently recognized cellular defense system against oxidative stress, is disturbed in children with hemophilia A. METHODS: This prospective case control study included male children with hemophilia A (n=62) and randomly selected healthy age and sex-matched controls (n=62). Serum native thiol, total thiol and disulfide levels were analyzed with a novel spectrophotometric method. Ratios of disulfide/total thiol, disulfide/native thiol, and native/total thiol were calculated. Statistical comparisons were made using the independent samples t-test or the Mann-Whitney U test, according to whether the data were normally distributed or not. RESULTS: Serum native thiol (385.0 ± 35.9 versus 418.0 ± 44.3, respectively; p < 0.001) and total thiol (424.2 ± 38.7 versus 458.0 ± 46.3, respectively; p > 0.001) levels were significantly lower in children with Hemophilia A compared to controls. Children with hemophilia A had significantly lower serum native thiol to total thiol ratio than controls (p=0.024). Serum disulfide levels of children with hemophilia A were close to controls (19.2 [17.6- 22.1] versus 19.8 [17.8- 21.2]), respectively; p=0.879) whereas disulfide to native thiol ratio (p=0.024) and disulfide to total thiol ratio (p=0.024) were significantly higher. CONCLUSIONS: Decreased antioxidant capacity with levels of serum native thiol and total thiol in children with hemophilia A might be regarded as evidence for the disturbance of thiol/disulfide balance. Antioxidant treatment can be a future target of therapy in children with hemophilia A.

Comparison of Regularity Detection between Individuals with and without Speech-in-Noise Problems using Electrophysiological Methods.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the cortical representations of auditory regularities and the relation between these representations and speech-in-noise (SIN) abilities and to compare two groups of participants with different SIN abilities on these cortical measures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 22 participants aged 20-40 years with normal hearing and without noise exposure, brain stem level-processing issues, neurological/psychiatric issues, or related medication were presented with three different stimuli resembling auditory regularities appearing after random sounds as well as a random series of sounds. Participants received a total of 480 stimuli in passive and active phases each (in which they actively detected regularities). Evoked responses were recorded via 20-channel standard electroencephalography (EEG) cap. RESULTS: The groups were not significantly different in terms of evoked potential parameters. A significant negative correlation was observed between amplitudes of responses evoked by decreasing the frequency regularity in the active phase and SIN scores. Response parameters were significantly different between the stimuli. Active phase latencies were shorter and amplitudes were higher than passive phase ones, except for two stimuli. CONCLUSION: Cortical representations of decreasing frequency regularity are promising for revealing the link between SIN and representations of regularity detection. This paradigm is suggested to applicable to individuals with clinical-level SIN problems [hearing aid (HA) and cochlear implant (CI) users, normal-hearing individuals, children with learning problems, children with dyslexia, and others] to reveal which process of SIN mechanism is defective; this is a complicated process with many sub-mechanisms. These results may be utilized in designing CI and HA algorithms (for more robust representations of auditory regularities) and rehabilitation programs.

[Turkish expressive and receptive language test: I. Standardization, reliability and validity study of the receptive vocabulary sub-scale]. / Türkçe Ifade Edici ve Alici Dil (TIFALDI) Testi: I. Alici Dil Kelime Alt Testi Standardizasyon ve Güvenilirlik Geçerlik çalismasi

OBJECTIVE: A reliable, valid and original test to assess the receptive vocabulary skills of children in Turkey was not available. Thus, the purpose of the current study was to develop a receptive vocabulary test for Turkish children based on the Turkish language. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For the Receptive Vocabulary Sub-Scale (TIFALDI-RT) 242 concrete and abstract words were chosen from word frequency lists and a comprehensive Turkish Dictionary. Pilot data were collected from 648 children aged 2 to 13 from Ankara, and norm data were collected from a nationally representative sample of 3755 children. RESULTS: Item analysis (item difficulty, discrimination and distractor) was carried out on the pilot data and based on the results, the total item number was reduced to 157. Further, three parameter item analyses (IRT) were carried out on the norm data by using BILOG-MG (SSI, 2002), and the results indicated that the TIFALDI Receptive Vocabulary Sub-Scale could be reduced to 104 items to assess 2 to 12 year-old children's receptive vocabulary. Test-retest and internal consistency reliabilities were calculated for the whole sample and age groups separately, and all the coefficients were high. For the validity, the relationship between the WISC-R and Ankara Developmental Screening Inventory (AGTE) and Receptive Vocabulary Sub-Scale were investigated. Once again, the TIFALDI Receptive Vocabulary Sub-Scale scores were found to be significantly related to WISC-R and AGTE scores. CONCLUSION: The TIFALDI Receptive Vocabulary Sub-Scale was developed on the basis of the Turkish Language and norm data were collected from a nationally representative sample. The TIFALDI-RT also had a high reliability and validity. Thus, the TIFALDI-RT can be used to assess 2 to 12 year-old children's receptive vocabulary skills.

[Self and significant other assessment of hearing device aided communication skills in the elderly with hearing loss]. / Isitme kaybi olan yaslilarda isitme cihazi destekli iletisim becerilerinin kendileri ve yakinlari tarafindan degerlendirilmesi.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the communication problems of elderly before and after using hearing aids. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty hearing aid users and 10 normal hearing control subjects with their relatives were enrolled in the study. Hearing aid users were divided into three subgroups based on the duration of use. Self Assessment of Communication (SAC) and Significant Other Assessment of Communication (SOAC) questionnaires were administered to hearing aid users, control subjects, as well as to their relatives for the evaluation of communication difficulties due to hearing loss. Intra-group comparisons were carried out in the patients using hearing aids, while inter-group comparisons were performed to evaluate the effects of different aided periods on communication skills. RESULTS: It was found that the communication difficulties reduced in the patients who used hearing aid for minimum one month. For the patients with hearing loss, hearing aid use of six months or more increased SAC and SOAC scores to a level comparable with control subjects. CONCLUSION: The present study conclude that the elderly patients of 60 years of age or more with moderate sensorineural hearing loss could catch up their normal hearing peers in their communication skills within six months only if they prescribed and used proper hearing aids.

[The use of masking level differences in evaluating central auditory processing: the norms for the normal hearing subjects]. / Merkezi isitsel islemleme fonksiyonlarinin degerlendirilmesinde maskeleme düzeyi farki testi: Normal isiten gruptan elde edilen norm degerler.

OBJECTIVES: This study sought to determine whether scores of masking level differences (MLD) were influenced by age and sex and to derive norm values from normal hearing subjects for the Turkish population. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 100 normal hearing subjects were tested in two age groups. Each group consisted of 25 females and 25 males. The mean ages were 21 (range 17 to 24 years) and 31 years (range 25 to 40 years) in group 1 and group 2, respectively. Following pure-tone threshold and speech discrimination tests, the MLD test was performed by using 500 Hz pure-tone and narrow-band noise centered around 500 Hz. The results were analyzed by the ANOVA test. RESULTS: The mean MLD score was 10.92 dB. The upper and lower limits of MLD scores between two standard deviations were 6 and 14 dB, respectively. No significant differences were found between MLD scores with regard to age and sex. CONCLUSION: Since MLD scores are not affected by age and sex, the norm values obtained can be utilized in the investigation of some pathologic conditions.