Effects of the Mediterranean Lifestyle During the COVID-19 Lockdown in Spain: Preliminary Study.

We aim to assess the beneficial effects of the Mediterranean style-diet before and after the period of confinement due to COVID-19 in a sample of 51 older patients who were part of a clinical trial of the Instituto de Investigación sanitaria y Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL, CEIM). Participants were randomly assigned to two conditions: experimental vs. a control group. A pre-test survey assessment was conducted before confinement, while a post-test survey was conducted after the confinement period. Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and nutritional status were evaluated through self-reported questionnaires. Individuals who initiated the Mediterranean Diet intervention program before confinement increased 3.5% their level of adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and maintained their nutritional status after the confinement. In the case of BMI, there no were statistically significant differences between groups before and after confinement. These results suggest that adherence to the Mediterranean Diet may play an important role in the establishment of appropriate dietary guidelines in confinement situations such as the COVID-19.

Desarrollo y evaluacion psicometrica de una forma abreviada de la escala de posicionamiento ante el diagnostico enfermero / A forma abreviada da escala posições frente ao diagnostico de enfermagem: desenvolvimento e avaliação psicométrica / A short form of the positions on nursing diagnosis scale: development and psychometric testing

El Position on Nursing Diagnosis (PND) es una escala que utiliza la técnica del diferencial semántico para medir las actitudes hacia el concepto diagnóstico enfermero. El estudio objetivó desarrollar una forma abreviada de la versión española de esta escala, evaluar sus propiedades psicométricas y eficiencia. Se utilizó un doble enfoque empírico-teórico para obtener una forma reducida del PND, el PND-7-SV, que fuera equivalente a la original. Mediante un diseño transversal a través de encuesta, se evaluó la fiabilidad (consistencia interna y fiabilidad test-retest), validez de constructo (análisis factorial exploratorio, técnica de grupos conocidos y validez discriminante) y de criterio (validez concurrente), sensibilidad al cambio y eficiencia del PND-7-SV en una muestra de 476 estudiantes de enfermería españoles. Los resultados avalaron la utilidad del PND-7-SV para medir las actitudes hacia el diagnóstico enfermero de manera equivalente a la forma completa de la escala y en un tiempo más reducido.

O Position on Nursing Diagnosis (PND) é uma escala que utiliza a técnica do diferencial semântico para medir atitudes em relação ao conceito diagnóstico de enfermagem. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver uma forma abreviada da versão em espanhol desta escala e avaliar suas propriedades psicométricas e eficiência. Foi utilizada uma dupla abordagem teórico-empírica para obter uma forma curta do PND, o PND-7-SV, que era equivalente à original. Usando um desenho transversal através de pesquisa, foi avaliada a confiabilidade (consistência interna e confiabilidade teste-reteste), validade de constructo (análise fatorial exploratória, técnica de grupos conhecidos e validade discriminante) e de critério (validade concorrente), sensibilidade à mudança e eficiência da PND-7-SV em uma amostra de 476 estudantes de enfermagem espanholas. Os resultados endossaram a utilidade do PND-7-SV para medir atitudes em relação ao diagnóstico de enfermagem de maneira equivalente à forma completa da escala e em um curto tempo.

The Positions on Nursing Diagnosis (PND) is a scale that uses the semantic differential technique to measure nurses' attitudes towards the nursing diagnosis concept. The aim of this study was to develop a shortened form of the Spanish version of this scale and evaluate its psychometric properties and efficiency. A double theoretical-empirical approach was used to obtain a short form of the PND, the PND-7-SV, which would be equivalent to the original. Using a cross-sectional survey design, the reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability), construct (exploratory factor analysis, known-groups technique and discriminant validity) and criterion-related validity (concurrent validity), sensitivity to change and efficiency of the PND-7-SV were assessed in a sample of 476 Spanish nursing students. The results endorsed the utility of the PND-7-SV to measure attitudes toward nursing diagnosis in an equivalent manner to the complete form of the scale and in a shorter time.

The Spanish version of the Position on Nursing Diagnosis scale: cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric assessment.

AIM: To report the adaptation into Spanish and psychometric testing of the Position on Nursing Diagnosis scale. BACKGROUND: The Position on Nursing Diagnosis is a scale that uses the semantic differential technique to measure nurses' attitudes towards the nursing diagnosis concept. DESIGN: Methodological design. METHOD: The scale was cross-culturally adapted through a process including translation, comparison with versions in other languages, back-translation, review, and pre-testing. An opportunistic sample of 621 Spanish registered nurses was recruited from August-December 2011. Reliability was evaluated through internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Construct validity, using both exploratory factor analysis and the known-group technique, and concurrent validity were assessed. FINDINGS: The Position on Nursing Diagnosis-Spanish Version was obtained from the cross-cultural adaptation process. High internal consistency and satisfactory test-retest reliability over a two week period (n = 240) were found. In the principal component analysis, all items loaded strongly on a single-factor which accounted for adequate variance, supporting the unidimensionality of the scale. A statistically significant difference was found comparing the scores of nurses who were members of the Spanish Association of Nomenclature, Taxonomy and Nursing Diagnosis and those who were not. Concurrent validity was supported by the significant correlation found between the scores and the degree of nursing diagnosis utilization and attendance to training sessions. CONCLUSION: The findings support the validity and reliability of the Position on Nursing Diagnosis-Spanish Version for its use among Spanish registered nurses as a measurement of their attitude towards the nursing diagnosis concept.

[A short form of the positions on nursing diagnosis scale: development and psychometric testing]. / Desarrollo y evaluación psicométrica de una forma abreviada de la escala de posicionamiento ante el diagnóstico enfermero.

The Positions on Nursing Diagnosis (PND) is a scale that uses the semantic differential technique to measure nurses' attitudes towards the nursing diagnosis concept. The aim of this study was to develop a shortened form of the Spanish version of this scale and evaluate its psychometric properties and efficiency. A double theoretical-empirical approach was used to obtain a short form of the PND, the PND-7-SV, which would be equivalent to the original. Using a cross-sectional survey design, the reliability (internal consistency and test-retest reliability), construct (exploratory factor analysis, known-groups technique and discriminant validity) and criterion-related validity (concurrent validity), sensitivity to change and efficiency of the PND-7-SV were assessed in a sample of 476 Spanish nursing students. The results endorsed the utility of the PND-7-SV to measure attitudes toward nursing diagnosis in an equivalent manner to the complete form of the scale and in a shorter time.