Mathematical description of human body constitution and fatness.

Using mathematical modeling of human body, we demonstrated logical drawbacks of body mass index (BMI1 = M/H(2); A. Quetelet, 1832) and proposed more precise body mass index (BMI2 = M/H(3)) as well as body constitution index (BCI = (M/H(3))(1/2)) and fatness index (FI = M/HC(2)), where M, H, and C are body weight, height, and wrist circumference of the individual.

Pharmacological correction of changes in the lung-placenta system under experimental conditions.

Pathological changes in the fetoplacental complex and lung-placenta system were observed in rats with experimental gestosis produced by long-term feeding of a high-sodium diet. We revealed a decrease in the weights of the placenta and fetus, pulmonary fibrinolytic dysfunction, and increased production of cortisol. The course of fraxiparine treatment in animals with experimental gestosis decreased coagulation activity of the arterial blood, increased the weights of the placenta and fetus, and reduced the concentration of stress hormone cortisol.

Disorders in the lungs-placenta system under conditions of experimental gestosis in rats.

Study of the arteriovenous difference in hormone levels and hemostasis parameters in rats with experimental gestosis induced by hyper-sodium diet showed decreased production of progesterone, increased level of hydrocortisone (resultant from its increased production and additional release of the hormone by the lungs), hypercoagulation, and retarded fetal development. Involvement of the lungs into the maintenance of optimum rheological parameters of arterial blood and a relationship between the level of fetoplacental hormones and the function of pulmonary fibrinolytic filter were detected.

Effect of nonselective beta-adrenoblockers on the state of sympathoadrenal system and ratio of neuroactive amino acids in rat medulla oblongata.

Experiments on rats showed that injection of propranolol into the medulla oblongata increased the contents of epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine, and L-DOPA by 3.76, 1.4, 2.0, and 1.7 times, respectively. These propranolol-induced changes in the levels and ratio of neurotransmitters were not accompanied by variations in serotonin content. Propranolol had no significant effects on the content of excitatory amino acids, except marked increase in aspartate content. The level of inhibitory amino acids increased mainly due to an increase in GABA content. The balance between excitatory and inhibitory amino acids was shifted towards inhibitory compounds.

Pharmacological correction of hemostasis-regulating function of the lungs in rats with uncomplicated pregnancy and experimental gestosis.

Fetal growth retardation, hypercoagulation, and changes in pulmonary fibrinolytic activity were observed during experimental gestosis induced by long-term feeding of a high-sodium diet. The course of fraxiparine treatment to correct gestosis improved hemostasis-regulating lung function, decreased coagulation activity of the arterial blood, and increased the weights of the placenta and fetus.

Effects of verapamil and amiodarone on sympathoadrenal system and balance of excitatory and inhibitory amino acids in rat medulla oblongata.

Local injection of verapamil into ventrolateral region of the medulla oblongata triggered the release of epinephrine. Verapamil increased the total content of norepinephrine and epinephrine by 560% and decreased the content of serotonin by 46%. Verapamil had no effect on norepinephrine/epinephrine and norepinephrine/(norepinephrine+epinephrine) ratios in normal rats. Blockade of K+-channels in the medulla oblongata by local injection of 0.001 mg amiodarone did not change the levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine and norepinephrine/epinephrine and norepinephrine/(norepinephrine+epinephrine) ratios. In the medulla oblongata, verapamil proportionally increased the levels of norepinephrine, dopamine, and L-DOPA. Similarly, amiodarone increased the levels of L-DOPA and dopamine by 2.6 and 3.2 times, respectively. Amiodarone shifted the ratio of neuroactive amino acids towards inhibitory transmitters.

Effects of bradysole and dibasole on cerebral bloodflow under experimental conditions.

Bradysole (1 mg/kg intravenously) induced a moderate increase in cerebral bloodflow and a minor decrease in systemic blood pressure in narcotized rats. These effects were less pronounced compared to the effects of dibasole (bradysole structural analog) in the same dose.

Efficiency of refracterin in patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency caused by coronary heart disease.

Composite preparation refracterin administered in a dose of 300 mg/day for 3 days in addition to routine therapy significantly improved the results of treatment of severe cardiac insufficiency of ischemic genesis compared to placebo. Improvement of clinical status of patients is determined by positive dynamics of systolic and diastolic functions of the left ventricle.

Mechanism of protective effect of energostim during catalepsy produced by single treatment with trifluoperazine.

NAD, cytochrome c, and energostim modulated the fluorescence emission spectrum of trifluoperazine in the solution and in microsomal suspension. The data suggest that NAD and energostim modify structural and conformational characteristics of the dopamine receptor-trifluoperazine complex. These changes probably underlie the anticataleptic effect of energostim.

Anticataleptic effect of energostim during single treatment with trifluoperazine.

Administration of trifluoperazine in a single dose of 3 mg/kg induced catalepsy and locomotor disorders in 86% intact animals, which persisted for 4 h. Catalepsy developed in only 15% animals pretreated with antihypoxic and antioxidant agent energostim in a dose of 230 mg/kg. The protective effect of energostim was associated with its ability to maintain the balance between dopaminergic, cholinergic, and adrenal activity in the substantia nigra and medulla oblongata during administration of neuroleptics.

Energostim in therapy of chronic ischemia of the lower limbs.

Positive changes were more pronounced in patients with chronic ischemia of the lower limbs treated with energostim alone and in combination with trental in comparison with patients receiving trental monotherapy. The best effect was attained in patients treated with energostim in combination with trental.

Treatment of acute coronary syndromes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with beta-adrenoblockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: cardiohemodynamic effects and impact for prognosis.

Long-term oral treatment of patients with acute coronary syndromes and type 2 diabetes mellitus with beta-adrenoblockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors is associated with positive, though ambiguous changes in the left-ventricular structure and function. These changes should be the reason for choosing optimal therapy ensuring better prognosis in this patient population.

Morphological study of reparative processes in the gingiva during therapy of chronic periodontitis with energostim and application of orthopedic splinting constructions.

We studied morphological characteristics of the regenerative process in gingival tissues during therapy of chronic periodontitis. Energostim stimulated macrophageal reaction and promoted neoangiogenesis in the inflammatory infiltrate. It was not observed after traditional drug therapy. Energostim promoted vascularization in regenerating tissues, normalized the structure at a greater area of the lamina propria of the gingiva, and prevented fibrous and sclerotic changes. The volume of histiolymphocytic infiltrates in regenerating gingival tissues decreased after application of intradental splints.

Ultrastructural analysis of reorganization of the periodontium in simulated torsion abnormality and its correction with succinic acid.

Morphological study confirmed the positive effect of succinic acid on tissue ultrastructure, energy metabolism in cells of fibroblastic differon, reorganization and neogenesis of intercellular substance of the periodontal connective tissue during the retention period after correction of simulated dental torsion abnormality in dogs.

Richlocaine in combined therapy of periodontitis.

The results of combined therapy of chronic moderate generalized periodontitis can be improved by adding richlocaine to protocols of drug therapy: the drug reduces the time of treatment, prolongs remission, decreases the number of relapses, and stabilizes pathological processes in periodontal tissues.

Effect of richlocaine on proliferative activity of osteoblasts and intracellular calcium content in rats.

We studied the effect of local anesthetic richlocaine on proliferation and intracellular calcium content in cultured osteoblasts from rat parietal bone. In a concentration of 1 mg/ml this drug produced a cytotoxic effect on osteoblasts. In concentrations of 0.01 and 0.001 mg/ml richlocaine in the absence and presence of subtoxic dose of sodium cyanide (0.2 mM) increased the number of osteoblasts by 15.4 and 36.6 or 13.8 and 38.6%, respectively. In a concentration of 1 mg/ml, richlocaine increased the content of cytosolic calcium in osteoblasts by 105%. These effects of richlocaine in low concentrations (0.01 and 0.001 mg/ml) can be related to stimulation of metabolic processes in osteoblasts.

Atrial fibrillation: a new explanation of the old phenomenon.

We propose a new mechanism of atrial fibrillation basing on the results of 30 series of acute experiments on anesthetized cats. In brief, combination of two or more arrhythmogenic factors shortens the interval between the inward and outward ionic currents in cardiomyocytes to a critical value. Under these conditions repolarization of cardiomyocyte membrane reaches the excitation threshold before complete inactivation of the depolarizing currents. This inevitably results in autoexcitation of myocytes (or extrasystole), that in turn promotes repolarization. Once occurred, autoexcitation turns into self-triggering activity resembling tachyarrhythmia paroxysm.

Sympathetic modulation of vagal chronotropic and arrhythmogenic influences on the heart.

In acute experiments on cats, stimulation of the caudal cardiac nerve inhibited tonic and synchronizing components of the vagal chronotropic effects and suppressed arrhythmogenic effect of vagal stimulation. By contrast, stimulation of ansa subclavia potentiated the effects of vagal stimulation. A novel model of vagosympathetic interactions in the heart of mammals is proposed.

Peculiarities of cardiotropic effect of aconitine.

In experiments on anesthetized cats, aconitine produced direct arrhythmogenic and cardiotoxic effects on the myocardium combined with indirect cardiotropic effects mediated via activation of extracardial nerves. Aconitine demonstrated pronounced cholinolytic properties and blocked vagal arrhythmogenic effect.

Effect of cyclic GABA derivative TZ-146 on the content of neurotransmitters in rat brain stem.

The effect of cyclic GABA derivative TZ-146 on the content of catecholamines, serotonin, their metabolites, and neurotransmitter amino acids in rat hypothalamus and brain stem was studied by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. Opposite changes in the content of homovanillic acid, aspartate, glutamate, and glycine in the examined structures were accompanied by inhibition of dopamine metabolism. Possible participation of cerebral glutamatergic system in the effect of TZ-146 is discussed.