The error of estimated GFR in predialysis care.

The error of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and its consequences in predialysis are unknown. In this prospective multicentre study, 315 predialysis patients underwent measured GFR (mGFR) by the clearance of iohexol and eGFR by 52 formulas. Agreement between eGFR and mGFR was evaluated by concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), total deviation index (TDI) and coverage probability (CP). In a sub-analysis we assessed the impact of eGFR error on decision-making as (i) initiating dialysis, (ii) preparation for renal replacement therapy (RRT) and (iii) continuing clinical follow-up. For this sub-analysis, patients who started RRT due to clinical indications (uremia, fluid overload, etc.) were excluded. eGFR had scarce precision and accuracy in reflecting mGFR (average CCC 0.6, TDI 70% and cp 22%) both in creatinine- and cystatin-based formulas. Variations -larger than 10 ml/min- between mGFR and eGFR were frequent. The error of formulas would have suggested (a) premature preparation for RTT in 14% of stable patients evaluated by mGFR; (b) to continue clinical follow-up in 59% of subjects with indication for RTT preparation due to low GFRm and (c) to delay dialysis in all asymptomatic patients (n = 6) in whom RRT was indicated based on very low mGFR. The error of formulas in predialysis was frequent and large and may have consequences in clinical care.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Eimeria spp. in Broiler Chickens from Pichincha and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas, Ecuador.

Coccidiosis in chickens is a parasitic disease of economic importance for the poultry industry. In Ecuador, there is limited information regarding the prevalence of Eimeria spp. on commercial broiler farms. Therefore, a total of 155 poultry farms in the provinces of Pichincha and Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas were surveyed. The analysis of fresh fecal samples was conducted to determine the parasitic load of six of the seven chicken Eimeria species (excluding E. mitis) through multiplex PCR. Additionally, an epidemiological survey was performed to assess the risk factors associated with the infection using a multivariable logistic regression model. All samples tested positive for the presence of Eimeria spp., despite the farmers having implemented prophylactic measures, and no clinical coccidiosis cases were recorded. The parasitic load varied between 25 and 69,900 oocyst per gram. The species prevalence was as follows: Eimeria spp. 100%, E. maxima 80.4%, E. acervulina 70.6%, E. praecox 55.4%, E. tenella 53.6%, E. necatrix 52.2%, and E. brunetti 30.8%. The main species combination was E. cervuline, E. maxima, E. necatrix, and E. praecox (23.90%), followed by E. tenella, as a unique species (10.69%), and then E. acervulina, E. maxima, and E. praecox (8.81%). It was observed that farms operated by independent producers had a higher amount of Eimeria spp. and higher probability of the presence of E. brunetti, E. necatrix, E. praecox, and E. tenella. Poultry houses located below 1300 m above sea level were associated with a higher parasitic load and the presence of E. brunetti. Birds younger than 35 days of age and from open-sided poultry houses (with rudimentary environmental control) had a higher probability of presenting E. maxima. Drinking water from wells increased the risk of E. praecox presence. Research aimed at designing control strategies to improve health management on poultry farms in the region would help minimize the impact of coccidiosis.

Statistical Improvement of rGILCC 1 and rPOXA 1B Laccases Activity Assay Conditions Supported by Molecular Dynamics.

Laccases (E.C. 1.10.3.2) are glycoproteins widely distributed in nature. Their structural conformation includes three copper sites in their catalytic center, which are responsible for facilitating substrate oxidation, leading to the generation of H2O instead of H2O2. The measurement of laccase activity (UL-1) results may vary depending on the type of laccase, buffer, redox mediators, and substrates employed. The aim was to select the best conditions for rGILCC 1 and rPOXA 1B laccases activity assay. After sequential statistical assays, the molecular dynamics proved to support this process, and we aimed to accumulate valuable insights into the potential application of these enzymes for the degradation of novel substrates with negative environmental implications. Citrate buffer treatment T2 (CB T2) (pH 3.0 ± 0.2; λ420nm, 2 mM ABTS) had the most favorable results, with 7.315 ± 0.131 UL-1 for rGILCC 1 and 5291.665 ± 45.83 UL-1 for rPOXA 1B. The use of citrate buffer increased the enzyme affinity for ABTS since lower Km values occurred for both enzymes (1.49 × 10-2 mM for rGILCC 1 and 3.72 × 10-2 mM for rPOXA 1B) compared to those obtained in acetate buffer (5.36 × 10-2 mM for rGILCC 1 and 1.72 mM for rPOXA 1B). The molecular dynamics of GILCC 1-ABTS and POXA 1B-ABTS showed stable behavior, with root mean square deviation (RMSD) values not exceeding 2.0 Å. Enzyme activities (rGILCC 1 and rPOXA 1B) and 3D model-ABTS interactions (GILCC 1-ABTS and POXA 1B-ABTS) were under the strong influence of pH, wavelength, ions, and ABTS concentration, supported by computational studies identifying the stabilizing residues and interactions. Integration of the experimental and computational approaches yielded a comprehensive understanding of enzyme-substrate interactions, offering potential applications in environmental substrate treatments.

SMOC-1 interacts with both BMP and glypican to regulate BMP signaling in C. elegans.

Secreted modular calcium-binding proteins (SMOCs) are conserved matricellular proteins found in organisms from Caenorhabditis elegans to humans. SMOC homologs characteristically contain 1 or 2 extracellular calcium-binding (EC) domain(s) and 1 or 2 thyroglobulin type-1 (TY) domain(s). SMOC proteins in Drosophila and Xenopus have been found to interact with cell surface heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPGs) to exert both positive and negative influences on the conserved bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway. In this study, we used a combination of biochemical, structural modeling, and molecular genetic approaches to dissect the functions of the sole SMOC protein in C. elegans. We showed that CeSMOC-1 binds to the heparin sulfate proteoglycan GPC3 homolog LON-2/glypican, as well as the mature domain of the BMP2/4 homolog DBL-1. Moreover, CeSMOC-1 can simultaneously bind LON-2/glypican and DBL-1/BMP. The interaction between CeSMOC-1 and LON-2/glypican is mediated specifically by the EC domain of CeSMOC-1, while the full interaction between CeSMOC-1 and DBL-1/BMP requires full-length CeSMOC-1. We provide both in vitro biochemical and in vivo functional evidence demonstrating that CeSMOC-1 functions both negatively in a LON-2/glypican-dependent manner and positively in a DBL-1/BMP-dependent manner to regulate BMP signaling. We further showed that in silico, Drosophila and vertebrate SMOC proteins can also bind to mature BMP dimers. Our work provides a mechanistic basis for how the evolutionarily conserved SMOC proteins regulate BMP signaling.

Evaluation of intraoperative bleeding in shoulder arthroscopy with preoperative injection of epinephrine saline: a retrospective comparative study.

BACKGROUND: Several studies report the positive effects of epinephrine saline irrigation in shoulder arthroscopy. Cardiovascular adverse effects have been described. The Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet limits bleeding. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of epinephrine saline infiltrations of the shoulder on arthroscopic visual comfort. METHOD: We carried out a retrospective comparative study in 2 groups of patients. We included all patients admitted to the department for a rotator cuff surgery. Our exclusion criteria were any other surgical indication and patient refusal. The protocol consisted in making 3 preoperative shoulder infiltrations of 20 mL of epinephrine saline at 0.005 mg/mL. Injections were performed in all patients in group 1, and no specific treatment was performed in group 2 (control group). Data collection was performed the same way in both groups. The main judgment criterion was the evaluation of the surgeon's overall visual comfort using the visual analog scale (VAS) at the end of the procedure. We also evaluated the intraoperative discomfort related to bleeding every 15 minutes by an objective scale (the visual numeric rating scale [VNRS]), as well as the cumulative bleeding time, operating time, the quantity of irrigation fluid used, the blood pressure at the times of the bleeding, the mean blood pressure during the surgery, and the presence of thromboembolic and cardiovascular adverse events. RESULTS: We included 30 patients in group 1 and 30 patients in the control group. The mean VAS value at the end of the intervention was significantly higher in group 1 than in the control group: VAS = 10 in group 1 vs. VAS = 5 in group 2 (P < .0001) (higher is better). We also observed a significant decrease in VNRS between the 2 groups: VNRS = 0.25 in group 1 vs. VNRS = 1.00 in group 2 (P < .0001) (lower is better). The bleeding time was significantly lower in patients in group 1 (1 minute 39 seconds) compared with patients in group 2 (9 minutes 57 seconds) (P < .0001). No significant difference was demonstrated concerning the operating times, the quantity of irrigation fluid used, and the blood pressure data of the 2 groups. No adverse effects were observed. CONCLUSION: The infiltration of low doses of epinephrine as performed in Wide Awake Local Anesthesia No Tourniquet procedures seems effective in improving visualization in arthroscopy by reducing the bleeding. It can be a simple, efficient, and cost-effective technique with no iatrogenic risk to improve the surgeon's comfort in arthroscopic procedures.

Estudio de los desenlaces perioperatorios de la apendicitis aguda durante la pandemia por COVID-19: un estudio observacional analítico de cohorte / Study of perioperative outcomes of acute appendicitis during the COVID-19 pandemic: An analytical observational cohort study

Introducción. La condición de pandemia por COVID-19 impactó a la sociedad y los sistemas de salud a nivel mundial. Las adaptaciones institucionales procuraron mantener la calidad de la atención a pesar de un contexto organizacional desfavorable. La apendicitis aguda requirió ser manejada en un nuevo escenario institucional. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la efectividad del tratamiento quirúrgico de la apendicitis durante la pandemia. Métodos. Estudio observacional analítico, retrospectivo, en el que se incluyeron pacientes sometidos a apendicectomía, antes y durante la pandemia por COVID-19. Se evaluaron las complicaciones, infección del sitio operatorio, reingresos y estancia hospitalaria. Adicionalmente, se analizaron los desenlaces en los 3 picos epidemiológicos de la pandemia. Se efectuaron estadísticas descriptivas y analíticas entre los grupos a comparar. Resultados. Se incluyeron 1521 pacientes con apendicitis, 48,3 % operados antes y 51,7 % durante la pandemia. No hubo diferencias entre los grupos en complicaciones (p=0,352), infección del sitio operatorio (p=0,191), reingreso en los primeros 30 días (p=0,605) y estancia hospitalaria (p=0,514). El manejo de la apendicitis durante el tercer pico fue similar a las prácticas habituales. El tiempo de evolución fue mayor durante la pandemia (p=0,04) y los pacientes fueron llevados a cirugía más pronto que previo a la pandemia (p<0,001). Conclusiones. No se evidenció un incremento de complicaciones quirúrgicas, reingresos, estancia hospitalaria ni infección del sitio operatorio en los pacientes operados durante la pandemia. Hubo un efecto favorable para los pacientes como consecuencia de la adaptación institucional en la pandemia por COVID-19

Introduction. COVID-19 pandemic impacted society and health systems worldwide. The institutional adaptations sought to maintain the quality of care in an unfavorable organizational context. Acute appendicitis was required to be managed in a new institutional setting. The effectiveness of surgical treatment of appendicitis during the pandemic was evaluated. Methods. Retrospective analytical observational study, in patients with appendectomy, before and during COVID-19 pandemic. Complications, surgical site infections, readmissions, and hospital stay were evaluated. Additionally, the outcomes in the 3 epidemiological peaks of the pandemic were analyzed. Descriptive and analytical statistics were performed between the groups to be compared. Results. A total of 1521 patients with appendicitis were included, 48.3% before and 51.7% during the pandemic. There were no differences in complications (p=0.352), operative site infection (p=0.191), readmission at 30 days (p=0.605), and hospital stay (p=0.514) between the groups. Management of appendicitis during the 3rd peak was like usual practices. There was a long evolution time during the pandemic (p=0.04) and the patients were taken to surgery sooner than before the pandemic (p<0.001). Conclusions. There was no evidence of an increase in surgical complications, readmissions, hospital stay, and surgical site infections during patients who underwent surgery. There was a favorable effect for patients because of institutional adaptation in the COVID-19 pandemic

C. elegans SMOC-1 interacts with both BMP and glypican to regulate BMP signaling.

Secreted modular calcium binding (SMOC) proteins are conserved matricellular proteins found in organisms from C. elegans to humans. SMOC homologs characteristically contain one or two extracellular calcium (EC) binding domain(s) and one or two thyroglobulin type-1 (TY) domain(s). SMOC proteins in Drosophila and Xenopus have been found to interact with cell surface heparan sulfate protein glycans (HSPGs) to exert both positive and negative influences on the conserved bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway. In this study, we used a combination of biochemical, structural modeling, and molecular genetic approaches to dissect the functions of the sole SMOC protein in C. elegans . We showed that SMOC-1 binds LON-2/glypican, as well as the mature domain of DBL-1/BMP. Moreover, SMOC-1 can simultaneously bind LON-2/glypican and DBL-1/BMP. The interaction between SMOC-1 and LON-2/glypican is mediated by the EC domain of SMOC-1, while the interaction between SMOC-1 and DBL-1/BMP involves full-length SMOC-1. We further showed that while SMOC-1(EC) is sufficient to promote BMP signaling when overexpressed, both the EC and TY domains are required for SMOC-1 function at the endogenous locus. Finally, when overexpressed, SMOC-1 can promote BMP signaling in the absence of LON-2/glypican. Taken together, our findings led to a model where SMOC-1 functions both negatively in a LON-2-dependent manner and positively in a LON-2-independent manner to regulate BMP signaling. Our work provides a mechanistic basis for how the evolutionarily conserved SMOC proteins regulate BMP signaling.

Impact of Antibiotics as Waste, Physical, Chemical, and Enzymatical Degradation: Use of Laccases.

The first traces of Tetracycline (TE) were detected in human skeletons from Sudan and Egypt, finding that it may be related to the diet of the time, the use of some dyes, and the use of soils loaded with microorganisms, such as Streptomyces spp., among other microorganisms capable of producing antibiotics. However, most people only recognise authors dating between 1904 and 1940, such as Ehrlich, Domagk, and Fleming. Antibiotics are the therapeutic option for countless infections treatment; unfortunately, they are the second most common group of drugs in wastewaters worldwide due to failures in industrial waste treatments (pharmaceutics, hospitals, senior residences) and their irrational use in humans and animals. The main antibiotics problem lies in delivered and non-prescribed human use, use in livestock as growth promoters, and crop cultivation as biocides (regulated activities that have not complied in some places). This practice has led to the toxicity of the environment as antibiotics generate eutrophication, water pollution, nutrient imbalance, and press antibiotic resistance. In addition, the removal of antibiotics is not a required process in global wastewater treatment standards. This review aims to raise awareness of the negative impact of antibiotics as residues and physical, chemical, and biological treatments for their degradation. We discuss the high cost of physical and chemical treatments, the risk of using chemicals that worsen the situation, and the fact that each antibiotic class can be transformed differently with each of these treatments and generate new compounds that could be more toxic than the original ones; also, we discuss the use of enzymes for antibiotic degradation, with emphasis on laccases.

Genetic and Bioinformatic Strategies to Improve Diagnosis in Three Inherited Bleeding Disorders in Bogotá, Colombia.

Inherited bleeding disorders (IBDs) are the most frequent congenital diseases in the Colombian population; three of them are hemophilia A (HA), hemophilia B (HB), and von Willebrand Disease (VWD). Currently, diagnosis relies on multiple clinical laboratory assays to assign a phenotype. Due to the lack of accessibility to these tests, patients can receive an incomplete diagnosis. In these cases, genetic studies reinforce the clinical diagnosis. The present study characterized the molecular genetic basis of 11 HA, three HB, and five VWD patients by sequencing the F8, F9, or the VWF gene. Twelve variations were found in HA patients, four in HB patients, and 19 in WVD patients. From these variations a total of 25 novel variations were found. Disease-causing variations were used as positive controls for validation of the high-resolution melting (HRM) variant-scanning technique. This approach is a low-cost genetic diagnostic method proposed to be incorporated in developing countries. For the data analysis, we developed an accessible open-source code in Python that improves HRM data analysis with better sensitivity of 95% and without bias when using different HRM equipment and software. Analysis of amplicons with a length greater than 300 bp can be performed by implementing an analysis by denaturation domains.

Evolución histórica del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje en Atención integral a la Familia II / Historic Evolution of the process teaching learning in integral Attention to the Family II / Evolução histórica do processo ensino-aprendizagem na Atenção Integral à Família II

RESUMEN Introducción: el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la asignatura Atención Integral a la Familia II sufrió trasformaciones en los diferentes planes de estudio por los que transitó la carrera de estomatología. Objetivo: ilustrar la evolución histórica de la asignatura Atención Integral a la Familia II en la carrera de estomatología, a través de la enseñanza problémica y la educación en el trabajo como vía de adquirir y desarrollar los modos de actuación en estudiantes del cuarto año. Métodos: durante el curso 2018- 2019, en la Facultad de Estomatología de Granma se realizó una investigación educativa con enfoque histórico sobre el tema, utilizando como método teórico el histórico-lógico, inducción- deducción y analítico-sintético. Resultados: se determinaron las regularidades y tendencias a través del diagnóstico fáctico y de las diferentes etapas declaradas en la evolución histórica del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en esta asignatura. Conclusiones: existe variabilidad en la utilización del método y en la forma de enseñanza desde el objeto de la profesión, con insuficiente sistematización teórico- práctica según planes de estudio, lo que mantiene el carácter tradicionalista del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y limita la actuación profesional independiente en el futuro estomatólogo.

ABSTRACT Introduction: the teaching-learning process of the Comprehensive Family Care II subject underwent transformations in the different study plans through which the stomatology career passed. Objective: to illustrate the historical evolution of the Comprehensive Family Care II course in stomatology, through problem teaching and education at work as a way of acquiring and developing modes of action in fourth-year students. Methods: during the 2018-2019 academic year, at the Faculty of Stomatology of Granma an educational research with a historical approach was carried out on the subject, using historical-logical, induction-deduction and analytical-synthetic as theoretical methods. Results: the regularities and trends were determined through the factual diagnosis and the different stages declared in the historical evolution of the teaching-learning process in this subject. Conclusions: there is variability in the use of the method and in the way of teaching from the object of the profession, with insufficient theoretical-practical systematization according to study plans, which maintains the traditionalist nature of the teaching-learning process and limits professional performance independent in the future stomatologist.

RESUMO Introdução: o processo ensino-aprendizagem da disciplina Atenção Integral à Família II passou por transformações nos diferentes planos de estudos pelos quais passou a carreira em Estomatologia. Objetivo: ilustrar a evolução histórica do curso de Atendimento Integral à Família II em Estomatologia, através do problema de ensino e educação no trabalho como forma de adquirir e desenvolver modos de atuação em alunos do quarto ano.: Durante o ano letivo 2018-2019, em Na Faculdade de Estomatologia do Granma foi realizada uma pesquisa educacional com abordagem histórica sobre o assunto, utilizando como métodos teóricos histórico-lógico, indução-dedução e analítico-sintético. Resultados: as regularidades e tendências foram determinadas através do diagnóstico factual e das diferentes etapas declaradas na evolução histórica do processo de ensino-aprendizagem nesta disciplina. Conclusões: há variabilidade na utilização do método e na forma de ensino a partir do objeto da profissão, com insuficiente sistematização teórico-prática de acordo com os planos de estudos, o que mantém o caráter tradicionalista do processo ensino-aprendizagem e limita a atuação profissional independente no futuro estomatologista.

Zinc Oxide Phytonanoparticles' Effects on Yield and Mineral Contents in Fruits of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. cv. Cherry) under Field Conditions.

The use of phytonanoparticles in agriculture could decrease the use of fertilizers and therefore decrease soil contamination, due to their size being better assimilated in plants. It is important to mention that the nanofertilizer is slow-releasing and improves plant physiological properties and various nutritional parameters. The influence of soil and foliar applications of phytonanoparticles of ZnO with the Moringa oleifera extract under three concentrations (25, 50, and 100 ppm) was evaluated on the cherry tomato crop (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Synthesis of the phytonanoparticles was analyzed with ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) and infrared transmission spectroscopy with Fourier transform (FT-IR), as well as the analysis with the dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique. The morphometric parameters were evaluated before and after the application of the nanoparticles. The minerals' content of fruits was done 95 days after planting. Results showed that soil application was better at a concentration of 25 ppm of phytonanoparticles since it allowed the greatest number of flowers and fruits on the plant; however, it was demonstrated that when performing a foliar application, the fruit showed the highest concentrations for the elements Mg, Ca, and Na at concentrations of 511, 4589, and 223 mg kg-1, respectively.

Evolución histórica del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje en Atención integral a la Familia II / Historic Evolution of the process teaching learning in integral Attention to the Family II

Introducción: el proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje de la asignatura Atención Integral a la Familia II sufrió trasformaciones en los diferentes planes de estudio por los que transitó la carrera de estomatología. Objetivo: ilustrar la evolución histórica de la asignatura Atención Integral a la Familia II en la carrera de estomatología, a través de la enseñanza problémica y la educación en el trabajo como vía de adquirir y desarrollar los modos de actuación en estudiantes del cuarto año. Métodos: durante el curso 2018-2019, en la Facultad de Estomatología de Granma se realizó una investigación educativa con enfoque histórico sobre el tema, utilizando como método teórico el histórico-lógico, inducción-deducción y analítico-sintético. Resultados: se determinaron las regularidades y tendencias a través del diagnóstico fáctico y de las diferentes etapas declaradas en la evolución histórica del proceso de enseñanza aprendizaje en esta asignatura. Conclusiones: existe variabilidad en la utilización del método y en la forma de enseñanza desde el objeto de la profesión, con insuficiente sistematización teórico-práctica según planes de estudio, lo que mantiene el carácter tradicionalista del proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y limita la actuación profesional independiente en el futuro estomatólogo(AU)

Introduction: the teaching-learning process of the Comprehensive Family Care II subject underwent transformations in the different study plans through which the stomatology career passed. Objective: to illustrate the historical evolution of the Comprehensive Family Care II course in stomatology, through problem teaching and education at work as a way of acquiring and developing modes of action in fourth-year students. Methods: during the 2018-2019 academic year, at the Faculty of Stomatology of Granma an educational research with a historical approach was carried out on the subject, using historical-logical, induction-deduction and analytical-synthetic as theoretical methods. Results: the regularities and trends were determined through the factual diagnosis and the different stages declared in the historical evolution of the teaching-learning process in this subject. Conclusions:there is variability in the use of the method and in the way of teaching from the object of the profession, with insufficient theoretical-practical systematization according to study plans, which maintains the traditionalist nature of the teaching-learning process and limits professional performance independent in the future stomatologist(EU)

Projeto en-red-versad@s-clube de poesia on- line- relato de uma experiência de utilização de um blogue por seniores portugueses e espanhóis / En-red- versad@s project-online poetry club- report of an experience of ising a blog by portuguese and spanish seniors

O presente relato é parte de um projeto mais vasto de intervenção e investigação em curso no âmbito do Projeto En­Red­Versad@s.Clube de poesia on line, dinamizado pela Universidade Sénior da Universidade da Corunha e pelo seu parceiro Programa 60+ do Politécnico de Leiria. Este clube visa, através da dinamização de um blogue, a divulgar a língua e a poesia portuguesas, bem como desenvolver competências linguísticas, culturais e digitais, através do domínio e uso das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC). O projeto desenvolve-se no quadro de uma educação plurilinguística, poética e digital, ao longo da vida, em ordem a um envelhecimento ativo e saudável, bem como à construção de uma cidadania consciente e comprometida por parte dos estudantes seniores. Através deste relato, pretende-se apresentar os objetivos, participantes, metodologias de ação e os primeiros dados de participação dos seniores, decorrentes do registo de acesso ao blogue e aos conteúdos partilhados, cuja análise se insere num paradigma quantitativo. Os resultados obtidos, através de estatístisca descritiva, sugerem que o projeto tem potencialidades formativas que impulsionam o envolvimento dos participantes seniores no clube de poesia on line, abrindo a discussão sobre as vantagens de um alargamento da sua participação e sobre as estratégias pedagógicas para a promover. Afirma-se como uma resposta socioeducativa válida, em ordem à valorização pessoal e intergeracional dos participantes.(AU)

This report is part of a broader intervention and research project integrated within the scope of the En­Red­Versad@s Project. Online poetry club. Such project is developed by the Senior University of the University of A Coruña and its partner Program 60+ at the Polytechnic of Leiria. Through a blog, this club aims to promote the Portuguese language and poetry, as well as develop linguistic, cultural and digital competences, increasing proficiency with technologies and computers. The project is developed within the framework of a multilingual, poetic and digital education, through the life course, in order to achieve an active and healthy aging, as well as construct a conscious and committed citizenship by the senior students. This report intends to present the aims, participants and methods of action, as well as the first data of participation from the seniors, including their access records to the blog and the contents shared. The analysis is based on a quantitative paradigm. The results, obtained through, descriptive statisticssuggest that the project has training opportunities that can enhance the involvement of senior participants in the online poetry club. This opens the discussion about the advantages of widening their participation and the pedagogical ways of promoting it. This arises as a valid socio-educational response, in order to enhance the personal and intergenerational value of the participants.(AU)

Treatment with Intramuscular Levothyroxine in Refractory Hypothyroidism.

INTRODUCTION: Orally and daily levothyroxine (LT4) is the treatment of choice for hypothyroidism. In the majority of cases, the lack of effectiveness by this way may be due to poor adherence; however, gastrointestinal malabsorption may explain more cases of thyroxine refractoriness than previously reputed, due to the number of occult forms of these disorders. CASE PRESENTATION: A 55-year-old white man with a diagnosis of low risk of recurrence of follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma was treated with total thyroidectomy, 30 mCi iodine 131, and oral LT4. A year before he presented a gastric adenocarcinoma that required a partial gastrectomy. He evolved with multiple episodes of intestinal subocclusion that had to be treated with enterectomy in the first instance, then digestive rest and total parenteral nutrition. In spite of having made increases in oral LT4 dose (3 µg/kg), the patient persisted with a thyroid-stimulating hormone level >100 mIU/L. For this reason, we decided to administer intramuscular LT4. CONCLUSION: Since there are no guidelines or consensus of intramuscular LT4 use, our experience and how we decided the dose and way of administration are presented in this article to contribute to future cases.

Toxocara canis en humanos, perros y suelos en ribera del Río de la Plata, provincia de Buenos Aires / Toxocara canis in humans, dogs and soil on the river side of Rio de la Plata, province of Buenos Aires / Toxocara canis em humanos, cães e solos nas margens do Rio da Prata, província de Buenos Aires

El objetivo de este trabajo fue describir la situación epidemiológica de toxocariosis en un hábitat ribereño. Se determinaron anticuerpos anti-toxocara por ELISA en sueros de 34 niños y 64 adultos, y se hallaron seroprevalencias de 32,3% y 45,3%, respectivamente. Esta fue alta en adultos y en niños de 2 a 3 años. Se realizaron 217 análisis coproparasitológicos de caninos y 23,04% fueron positivos para huevos de Toxocara canis. La distribución de caninos positivos por rango etario fue de 66% entre 1 y 6 meses; de 20,7% entre 6 y 12 meses; y de 10,3% en mayores de 12 meses. El porcentaje de animales parasitados por T. canis fue significativamente menor en relación a otros parásitos y disminuyó marcadamente con el aumento de la edad. Se analizaron 104 muestras de suelo y 1,92% de las mismas fueron positivas para huevos de T. canis. La escasa cantidad de huevos en suelos podría deberse a que los cachorros no se encontraban libres en los espacios públicos. En este barrio podría inferirse que el suelo no actuó como diseminador de esta parasitosis, sino que fueron de mayor relevancia factores como la tenencia de caninos menores de 1 año, el contacto estrecho con los mismos en ámbitos domiciliarios y las condiciones higiénico-sanitarias poco saludables.

The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological situation of toxocariasis in a coastal habitat. Blood samples of 34 children and 64 adults were analyzed in order to determinate antibodies anti-toxocara by ELISA method. Prevalences of 32.3% and 45.3% were obtained respectively. A total of 217 coproparasitological canine analyses were performed, and 104 soil samples were analyzed. In humans, the seroprevalence of 32.4% in children and 45.3% in adults was found. In dogs, 50 samples were positive for T. canis eggs (23.04%). The distribution of canine positive for each age range yielded the following results: from 1 to 6 months, 66%; from 6 to 12 months, 20.7% and over 12 months, 10.3%. In soils, only 2 samples (1.92%) were positive for T. canis eggs. Seroloprevalence in humans was high, especially in adults and children aged 2 to 3 years. The percentage of parasitized animals by Toxocara was significantly lower in relation to other canine parasites and the percentage of dogs parasitized diminished significantly by increasing the age range. The low number of eggs found in soils could be due to the absence of puppies in public spaces. In this neighborhood, it can be inferred that the ground of public spaces did not act as a disseminator of this parasitosis, but that there were more relevant factors such as the possession of canines under 1 year of age, the close contact with them in residential areas, and unhealthy sanitary conditions.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever a situação epidemiológica da toxocaríase em um habitat ripícola. Os anticorpos anti-toxocara foram determinados por ELISA em soros de 34 crianças e 64 adultos, com soroprevalência de 32,3% e 45,3%, respectivamente. Ela foi alta em adultos e em crianças de 2 a 3 anos de idade. Foram realizadas 217 análises coproparasitológicas caninas e 23,04% foram positivas para os ovos de Toxocara canis. A distribuição de caninos positivos por faixa etária foi de 66%, entre 1 e 6 meses, de 20,7%, entre 6 e 12 meses, e de 10,3% em maiores de 12 meses. A porcentagem de animais parasitados por T. canis foi significativamente menor em relação a outras parasitas e diminuiu marcadamente com o aumento da idade. Foram analisadas 104 amostras de solo e 1,92% delas foram positivas para ovos de T. canis. A escassa quantidade de ovos nos solos pode ser o resultado do fato de que os filhotes não estivessem livres nos espaços públicos. Poderia ser inferido que, nesse bairro, o solo não atuou como disseminador dessa parasitose, mas fatores como a posse de caninos menores de 1 ano de idade, um contato próximo com eles em ambientes domésticos e condições higiênico-sanitárias insalubres foram fatores de maior relevância.

Ectoparasites from some Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782) populations (Coypus or Nutria) in Argentina / Ectoparasitas de algumas populações de Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782) (Coypus ou Nutria) na Argentina

Abstract The occurrence of ectoparasites in wild nutria is poorly understood. Fifty-five livetrapped wild nutria (Myocastor coypus) from its indigenous region were examined for ectoparasites after capture from December 2013 to December 2014. The captures came from the Buenos Aires Province, by far the area of the country most densely populated by nutria, characterized as a temperate grassland, which are prime areas for sustained agriculture. Only one species of chewing lice (Pitrufquenia coypus, Marelli, 1932), one flea (Nosopsyllus fasciatus, Bosc, 1800) and one tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Latreille, 1806) were collected. Fourteen percent of the animals were infested and P.coypus, an obligate parasite of the nutria, which was the most prevalent ectoparasite. N. fasciatus and R. sanguineus occurrence remains controversial as they may or may not be some accidental host species. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive and systematic survey of ectoparasites in wild nutria from the southern hemisphere, the indigenous region of this species.

Resumo A ocorrência de ectoparasitas em nutria selvagem é pouco compreendido. Cinquenta e cinco nutria selvagem capturadas (Myocastor coypus) de sua região indígena foram examinados para os ectoparasitas após até captura a partir de dezembro de 2013 a dezembro de 2014. As capturas ocorreram no estado de Buenos Aires, a área mais densamente povoada do país por nutria, caraterizada como uma pastagem temperada, que se tornou área principal para a agricultura sustentável. Uma espécie de piolhos de mastigação (Pitrufquenia coypus, Marelli, 1932), uma pulga (Nosopsyllus fasciatus, Bosc, 1800) e um carrapato (Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Latreille, 1806) foram recolhidos. Catorze por cento dos animais foram infestadas pelo P.coypus, um parasita obrigatório do nutria, sendo o ectoparasita mais prevalente. A ocorrência de N. fasciatus e R. sanguineus continua controversa, pois podem ou não ser algumas espécies hospedeiras acidentais. Para nosso conhecimento, este é o primeiro estudo abrangente e sistemático de ectoparasitas em nutria selvagem do hemisfério sul, a região indígena desta espécie.

Ectoparasites from some Myocastor coypus (Molina, 1782) populations (Coypus or Nutria) in Argentina.

The occurrence of ectoparasites in wild nutria is poorly understood. Fifty-five livetrapped wild nutria (Myocastor coypus) from its indigenous region were examined for ectoparasites after capture from December 2013 to December 2014. The captures came from the Buenos Aires Province, by far the area of the country most densely populated by nutria, characterized as a temperate grassland, which are prime areas for sustained agriculture. Only one species of chewing lice (Pitrufquenia coypus, Marelli, 1932), one flea (Nosopsyllus fasciatus, Bosc, 1800) and one tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Latreille, 1806) were collected. Fourteen percent of the animals were infested and P.coypus, an obligate parasite of the nutria, which was the most prevalent ectoparasite. N. fasciatus and R. sanguineus occurrence remains controversial as they may or may not be some accidental host species. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive and systematic survey of ectoparasites in wild nutria from the southern hemisphere, the indigenous region of this species.

Cumplimiento del programa nacional de atención estomatológica integral en las áreas de salud. Manzanillo. 2016 / Compliance with the national comprehensive stomatological care program in the health areas. Manzanillo 2016

Desde el año 2010 se inició un proceso de transformaciones en el Programa Nacional de Atención Estomatológica Integral en el municipio Manzanillo, de la provincia de Granma, para garantizar la sostenibilidad de los servicios en el sector salud. El presente estudio se realizó con el objetivo de describir el cumplimiento de ese proceso de transformaciones según los indicadores del programa en el municipio Manzanillo durante el año 2016. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, basado en el análisis de los indicadores de salud y los objetivos del Ministerio de Salud Pública. La información se obtuvo del Departamento Municipal de Registros Médicos y Estadísticos, del año 2016. Para su procesamiento y análisis se utilizó el cálculo de porcentajes y la distribución de frecuencias expresada en tablas. En los resultados se hallaron como aspectos positivos el incremento del número de consultas generales y de tratamientos conservadores, se disminuyó el número de exodoncias; es mínima la afluencia de pacientes a cuerpos de guardia por urgencias estomatológicas y no se cumple el indicador ingreso/alta(AU)

Since 2010, a process of transformation has begun in the National Comprehensive Stomatological Care Program in the municipality of Manzanillo, in the province of Granma, to guarantee the sustainability of services in the health sector. The present study was carried out with the objective of describing the fulfillment of this process of transformations according to the indicators of the program in the municipality of Manzanillo during the year 2016. A retrospective descriptive study was carried out, based on the analysis of health indicators and objectives. Of the Ministry of Public Health. The information was obtained from the Municipal Department of Medical Records and Statistics, of the year 2016. For its processing and analysis, the calculation of percentages and the frequency distribution expressed in tables was used. Positive aspects were found in the results as an increase in the number of general consultations and conservative treatments, the number of extractions was reduced; the inflow of patients to medical guard corps due to stomatological emergencies is minimal and the admission indicator is not met

Metagenomics of Bacterial Diversity in Villa Luz Caves with Sulfur Water Springs.

New biotechnology applications require in-depth preliminary studies of biodiversity. The methods of massive sequencing using metagenomics and bioinformatics tools offer us sufficient and reliable knowledge to understand environmental diversity, to know new microorganisms, and to take advantage of their functional genes. Villa Luz caves, in the southern Mexican state of Tabasco, are fed by at least 26 groundwater inlets, containing 300-500 mg L-1 H2S and <0.1 mg L-1 O2. We extracted environmental DNA for metagenomic analysis of collected samples in five selected Villa Luz caves sites, with pH values from 2.5 to 7. Foreign organisms found in this underground ecosystem can oxidize H2S to H2SO4. These include: biovermiculites, a bacterial association that can grow on the rock walls; snottites, that are whitish, viscous biofilms hanging from the rock walls, and sacks or bags of phlegm, which live within the aquatic environment of the springs. Through the emergency food assistance program (TEFAP) pyrosequencing, a total of 20,901 readings of amplification products from hypervariable regions V1 and V3 of 16S rRNA bacterial gene in whole and pure metagenomic DNA samples were generated. Seven bacterial phyla were identified. As a result, Proteobacteria was more frequent than Acidobacteria. Finally, acidophilic Proteobacteria was detected in UJAT5 sample.